MMC-9.30.11 10Q
Table of Contents

 
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
 
_____________________________________________ 
FORM 10-Q Filing
_____________________________________________ 
Quarterly Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d)
of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934
For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2011
_____________________________________________ 
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc.

1166 Avenue of the Americas
New York, New York 10036
(212) 345-5000
_____________________________________________ 
Commission file number 1-5998
State of Incorporation: Delaware
I.R.S. Employer Identification No. 36-2668272
_____________________________________________ 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No   ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting Company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting Company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
 
Large Accelerated Filer  x
  
Accelerated Filer  ¨
 
 
Non-Accelerated Filer  ¨(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)
  
Smaller Reporting Company  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell Company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).     Yes  ¨    No  ý
As of October 31, 2011, there were outstanding 537,968,459 shares of common stock, par value $1.00 per share, of the registrant.
 


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INFORMATION CONCERNING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains “forward-looking statements,” as defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. These statements, which express management's current views concerning future events or results, use words like “anticipate,” “assume,” “believe,” “continue,” “estimate,” “expect,” “future,” “intend,” “plan,” “project” and similar terms, and future or conditional tense verbs like “could,” “may,” “might,” “should,” “will” and “would.” For example, we may use forward-looking statements when addressing topics such as: the outcome of contingencies; the expected impact of acquisitions and dispositions; pension obligations; market and industry conditions; changes in our business strategies and methods of generating revenue; the development and performance of our services and products; changes in the composition or level of our revenues; our cost structure and the outcome of cost-saving or restructuring initiatives; dividend policy; cash flow and liquidity; future actions by regulators; and the impact of changes in accounting rules.
Forward-looking statements are subject to inherent risks and uncertainties. Factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those expressed or implied in our forward-looking statements include, among other things:

our exposure to potential liabilities arising from errors and omissions claims against us, particularly in our Marsh and Mercer businesses;
our ability to make strategic acquisitions and dispositions and to integrate, and realize expected synergies, savings or strategic benefits from the businesses we acquire;
changes in the funded status of our global defined benefit pension plans and the impact of any increased pension funding resulting from those changes;
the impact of any regional, national or global political, economic, regulatory or market conditions on our results of operations and financial condition;
the impact on our net income caused by fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates;
the impact on our net income or cash flows and our effective tax rate in a particular period caused by settled tax audits and expired statutes of limitation;
the extent to which we retain existing clients and attract new business, and our ability to incentivize and retain key employees;
our exposure to potential criminal sanctions or civil remedies if we fail to comply with foreign and U.S. laws and regulations that are applicable to our international operations, including import and export requirements, anti-corruption laws such as the U.S. Foreign Corrupt Practices Act and the UK Bribery Act 2010, local laws prohibiting corrupt payments to government officials, as well as various trade sanctions laws;
the impact of competition, including with respect to pricing;
the potential impact of rating agency actions on our cost of financing and ability to borrow, as well as on our operating costs and competitive position;
our ability to successfully recover should we experience a disaster or other business continuity problem;
changes in applicable tax or accounting requirements; and
potential income statement effects from the application of FASB's ASC Topic No. 740 (“Income Taxes”) regarding accounting treatment of uncertain tax benefits and valuation allowances, including the effect of any subsequent adjustments to the estimates we use in applying this accounting standard.
 

The factors identified above are not exhaustive. Marsh & McLennan Companies and its subsidiaries operate in a dynamic business environment in which new risks may emerge frequently. Accordingly, we caution readers not to place undue reliance on the above forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the dates on which they are made. The Company undertakes no obligation to update or revise any forward-looking statement to reflect events or circumstances arising after the date on which it is made. Further information concerning Marsh & McLennan Companies and its businesses, including information about factors that could materially affect our results of operations and financial condition, is contained in the Company's filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission, including the “Risk Factors” section of our most recently filed Annual Report on Form 10-K.




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TABLE OF CONTENTS
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 2.
 
 
 
ITEM 3.
 
 
 
ITEM 4.
 
 
 
 
 
ITEM 1.
 
 
 
ITEM 1A.
 
 
 
ITEM 2.
 
 
 
ITEM 3.
 
 
 
ITEM 4.
 
 
 
ITEM 5.


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PART I.    FINANCIAL INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements.

MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Revenue
$
2,806

 
$
2,524

 
$
8,618

 
$
7,765

Expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and benefits
1,753

 
1,586

 
5,202

 
4,775

Other operating expenses
743

 
699

 
2,169

 
2,376

Operating expenses
2,496

 
2,285

 
7,371

 
7,151

Operating income
310

 
239

 
1,247

 
614

Interest income
9

 
6

 
21

 
13

Interest expense
(49
)
 
(60
)
 
(149
)
 
(180
)
Cost of extinguishment of debt
(72
)
 

 
(72
)
 

Investment income (loss)

 
(2
)
 
13

 
24

Income before income taxes
198

 
183

 
1,060

 
471

Income tax expense
65

 
55

 
322

 
98

Income from continuing operations
133

 
128

 
738

 
373

Discontinued operations, net of tax
2

 
43

 
17

 
292

Net income before non-controlling interests
135

 
171

 
755

 
665

Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
5

 
3

 
18

 
13

Net income attributable to the Company
$
130

 
$
168

 
$
737

 
$
652

Basic net income per share – Continuing operations
$
0.24

 
$
0.23

 
$
1.32

 
$
0.66

– Net income attributable to the Company
$
0.24

 
$
0.30

 
$
1.35

 
$
1.19

Diluted net income per share – Continuing operations
$
0.23

 
$
0.22

 
$
1.30

 
$
0.65

 –Net income attributable to the Company
$
0.24

 
$
0.30

 
$
1.33

 
$
1.18

Average number of shares outstanding – Basic
540

 
543

 
543

 
539

                               – Diluted
549

 
548

 
552

 
543

Shares outstanding at September 30,
538

 
543

 
538

 
543

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.


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MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
 
(In millions of dollars)
September 30,
2011

 
December 31,
2010

ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,714

 
$
1,894

Receivables
 
 
 
Commissions and fees
2,682

 
2,544

Advanced premiums and claims
83

 
96

Income tax receivable
46

 
323

Other
226

 
186

 
3,037

 
3,149

Less-allowance for doubtful accounts and cancellations
(112
)
 
(114
)
Net receivables
2,925

 
3,035

Other current assets
391

 
347

Total current assets
5,030

 
5,276

Goodwill and intangible assets
6,933

 
6,823

Fixed assets
(net of accumulated depreciation and amortization of $1,483 at September 30, 2011 and $1,411 at December 31, 2010)
804

 
822

Pension related assets
477

 
265

Deferred tax assets
1,084

 
1,205

Other assets
793

 
919

 
$
15,121

 
$
15,310

 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.


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MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS (Continued)
(Unaudited)
 
(In millions of dollars)
September 30,
2011

 
December 31,
2010

LIABILITIES AND EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Short-term debt
$
260

 
$
8

Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
1,819

 
1,741

Accrued compensation and employee benefits
1,106

 
1,294

Accrued income taxes
80

 
62

Dividends payable
119

 

Total current liabilities
3,384

 
3,105

Fiduciary liabilities
4,118

 
3,824

Less – cash and investments held in a fiduciary capacity
(4,118
)
 
(3,824
)
 

 

Long-term debt
2,670

 
3,026

Pension, postretirement and postemployment benefits
1,148

 
1,211

Liabilities for errors and omissions
446

 
430

Other liabilities
1,008

 
1,123

Commitments and contingencies
 
 
 
Equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $1 par value, authorized 6,000,000 shares, none issued

 

Common stock, $1 par value, authorized
 
 
 
1,600,000,000 shares, issued 560,641,640 shares at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010
561

 
561

Additional paid-in capital
1,123

 
1,185

Retained earnings
7,696

 
7,436

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(2,333
)
 
(2,300
)
Non-controlling interests
58

 
47

 
7,105

 
6,929

Less – treasury shares, at cost, 23,079,851 shares at September 30, 2011 and 20,132,120 shares at December 31, 2010
(640
)
 
(514
)
Total equity
6,465

 
6,415

 
$
15,121

 
$
15,310

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.


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MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

Operating cash flows:
 
 
 
Net income before non-controlling interests
$
755

 
$
665

Adjustments to reconcile net income to cash provided by operations:
 
 
 
Depreciation and amortization of fixed assets and capitalized software
200

 
222

Amortization of intangible assets
50

 
52

Charge for early extinguishment of debt
72

 

Provision for deferred income taxes
91

 
(40
)
Gain on investments
(12
)
 
(21
)
Loss (gain) on disposition of assets
1

 
(23
)
Stock option expense
16

 
14

Changes in assets and liabilities:
 
 
 
Net receivables
122

 
(248
)
Other current assets
(83
)
 
(16
)
Other assets
(184
)
 
(167
)
Accounts payable and accrued liabilities
90

 
(33
)
Accrued compensation and employee benefits
(188
)
 
(269
)
Accrued income taxes
12

 
(23
)
Other liabilities
93

 
(117
)
Effect of exchange rate changes
(40
)
 
54

Net cash provided by operations
995

 
50

Financing cash flows:
 
 
 
Purchase of treasury shares
(361
)
 

Proceeds from issuance of debt
496

 

Repayments of debt
(8
)
 
(557
)
Payments for early extinguishment of debt
(672
)
 

Purchase of non-controlling interests
(21
)
 
(15
)
Shares withheld for taxes on vested units – treasury shares
(90
)
 
(54
)
Issuance of common stock
123

 
28

Dividends paid
(358
)
 
(333
)
Net cash used for financing activities
(891
)
 
(931
)
Investing cash flows:
 
 
 
Capital expenditures
(205
)
 
(193
)
Net sales of long-term investments
64

 
58

Proceeds from sales of fixed assets
4

 
3

Dispositions
1

 
1,194

Acquisitions
(134
)
 
(248
)
Other, net
(3
)
 
3

Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities
(273
)
 
817

Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
(11
)
 
(18
)
Decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(180
)
 
(82
)
Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
1,894

 
1,777

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
1,714

 
$
1,695

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

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MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF EQUITY AND COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
 
 
 
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

COMMON STOCK
 
 
 
Balance, beginning and end of year
$
561

 
$
561

ADDITIONAL PAID-IN CAPITAL
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
1,185

 
$
1,211

Change in accrued stock compensation costs
(50
)
 
(25
)
Issuance of shares under stock compensation plans and employee stock purchase plans and related tax impact
(10
)
 
(12
)
Purchase of subsidiary shares from non-controlling interests
(2
)
 

Issuance of shares for acquisitions

 
(15
)
Balance, end of period
$
1,123

 
$
1,159

RETAINED EARNINGS
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
7,436

 
$
7,033

Net income attributable to the Company (a)
737

 
652

Dividend equivalents paid
(11
)
 
(12
)
Dividends declared – (per share amounts: $0.86 in 2011 and $0.81 in 2010)
(466
)
 
(437
)
Balance, end of period
$
7,696

 
$
7,236

ACCUMULATED OTHER COMPREHENSIVE GAIN (LOSS)
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
(2,300
)
 
$
(2,171
)
Foreign currency translation adjustments (b)
(113
)
 
(44
)
Unrealized investment holding losses, net of reclassification adjustments (c)
(5
)
 
(11
)
Net changes under benefit plans, net of tax (d)
85

 
88

Balance, end of period
$
(2,333
)
 
$
(2,138
)
TREASURY SHARES
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
(514
)
 
$
(806
)
Issuance of shares under stock compensation plans and employee stock purchase plans
235

 
160

Issuance of shares for acquisitions

 
198

Purchase of treasury shares
(361
)
 

Balance, end of period
$
(640
)
 
$
(448
)
NON-CONTROLLING INTERESTS
 
 
 
Balance, beginning of year
$
47

 
$
35

Net income attributable to non-controlling interests (e)
18

 
13

Other changes
(7
)
 
(3
)
Balance, end of period
$
58

 
$
45

TOTAL EQUITY
$
6,465

 
$
6,415

TOTAL COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (a+b+c+d+e)
$
722

 
$
698

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated statements.

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MARSH & McLENNAN COMPANIES, INC. AND SUBSIDIARIES
NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)

1.     Nature of Operations
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. (“the Company”), a global professional services firm, is organized based on the different services that it offers. Under this organizational structure, the Company’s two business segments are Risk and Insurance Services and Consulting.
The Risk and Insurance Services segment provides risk management and insurance broking, reinsurance broking and insurance program management services for businesses, public entities, insurance companies, associations, professional services organizations, and private clients. The Company conducts business in this segment through Marsh and Guy Carpenter.
In January 2011, Marsh acquired RJF Agencies, an independent insurance agency in the upper Midwest region of the U.S. In February 2011, Marsh acquired Hampton Roads Bonding, a surety bonding agency for commercial, road, utility, maritime and government contractors in the state of Virginia, and the Boston office of Kinloch Consulting Group, Inc. In July 2011, Marsh acquired Prescott Pailet Benefits, an employee benefits broker in the state of Texas.
In the first quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired Haake Companies, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Midwest region and Thomas Rutherfoord, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Southeast and mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. In the second quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired HSBC Insurance Brokers Ltd., an international provider of risk intermediary and risk advisory services and the Bostonian Group Insurance Agency, Inc. and Bostonian Solutions, Inc. (collectively the “Bostonian Group”), a regional insurance brokerage in New England. In the fourth quarter of 2010 Marsh acquired Trion, a U.S. private benefits specialist and SBS, a Georgia-based benefits brokerage and consulting firm.
The Consulting segment provides advice and services to the managements of organizations in the area of human resource consulting, comprising retirement and investments, health and benefits, outsourcing and talent; and strategy and risk management consulting, comprising management, economic and brand consulting. The Company conducts business in this segment through Mercer and Oliver Wyman Group. In the first quarter of 2011, Mercer acquired Hammond Associates, an investment consulting company for endowments and foundations in the U.S. In June 2011, Mercer acquired Evaluation Associates LLC, an investment consulting firm. In July 2011, Mercer acquired Mahoney Associates, a health and benefits advisory firm based in south Florida. In July 2010, Mercer acquired Innovative Process Administration (“IPA”), a provider of health and benefit recordkeeping and employee enrollment technology. In August 2010, Mercer acquired ORC Worldwide, a premier provider of HR knowledge, data and solutions for professionals in numerous industries.
On August 3, 2010, the Company completed the sale of Kroll, the Company’s former Risk Consulting & Technology segment, to Altegrity, Inc. (“Altegrity”) for cash consideration of $1.13 billion. In the first quarter of 2010, Kroll completed the sale of Kroll Laboratory Specialists (“KLS”). The gain on the sale of Kroll and related tax benefits and the after-tax loss on the sale of KLS, along with Kroll’s, and KLS’s 2010 comparative results of operations are included in discontinued operations in 2010.
With the sale of Kroll in August 2010, along with previous divestiture transactions between 2008 and 2010, the Company has divested its entire Risk Consulting & Technology segment. The run-off of the Company’s involvement in the Corporate Advisory and Restructuring business (“CARG”), previously part of Risk Consulting & Technology, in which the Company has “continuing involvement” as defined in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5e, is now managed by the Company’s corporate departments. Consequently, the financial results of the CARG businesses are included in “Corporate” for segment reporting purposes.

2.     Principles of Consolidation and Other Matters
The consolidated financial statements included herein have been prepared by the Company pursuant to the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Certain information and footnote disclosures normally included in financial statements prepared in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, have been omitted pursuant to such rules and regulations for interim filings, although the Company believes that the information and disclosures presented are adequate to make such information and disclosure not misleading. These consolidated financial statements should be read in conjunction with the

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consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto included in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010 (the “2010 10-K”).
The financial information contained herein reflects all adjustments consisting only of normal recurring adjustments which are, in the opinion of management, necessary for a fair presentation of the Company’s results of operations for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
Investment Income (Loss)
The caption “investment income (loss)” in the consolidated statements of income comprises realized and unrealized gains and losses from investments recognized in current earnings. It includes, when applicable, other than temporary declines in the value of available for sale securities and the change in value of the Company’s holdings in certain private equity funds. The Company’s investments may include direct investments in insurance or consulting companies and investments in private equity funds. This line includes equity method gains/(losses) of $0 million and $(4) million for the three months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively, and $14 million and $13 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The Company has an investment in Trident II limited partnership, a private equity investment fund. At September 30, 2011, the Company’s investment in Trident II was approximately $84 million, reflected in other assets in the consolidated balance sheet. The Company’s maximum exposure to loss is equal to its investment plus any calls on its remaining capital commitment of $67 million. Since this fund is closed to new investments, none of the remaining capital commitment is expected to be called.
Income Taxes
The Company’s effective tax rate in the third quarter of 2011 was 32.8%. The rate reflects non-U.S. earnings subject to tax at rates below the U.S. statutory rate, partially offset by a deferred tax charge from re-measuring deferred tax assets for legislation that reduced tax rates in the U.K. The 30.4% effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2011 primarily reflects non-U.S. earnings subject to tax at rates below the U.S. statutory rate.
The Company reported an effective tax rate of 30.0% in the third quarter of 2010. The 20.8% effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2010 primarily reflects the combination of the tax benefit related to the Alaska settlement, determined at U.S. tax rates, with other pretax income that is subject to lower average effective tax rates applicable worldwide. Excluding the impact of the Alaska settlement, the effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2010 was 29.6%.
The Company is routinely examined by tax authorities in the jurisdictions in which it has significant operations. The Company regularly considers the likelihood of assessments in each of the taxing jurisdictions resulting from examinations. When appropriate, the Company establishes liabilities for uncertain tax positions in relation to the potential assessments, including the possible assessment of penalties. When establishing this liability, the Company considers a number of relevant factors under penalty statutes, including appropriate disclosure of the tax return position, the existence of legal authority supporting the Company’s position, and reliance on the opinion of professional tax advisors.
The Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the tax return. The Company’s gross unrecognized tax benefits decreased from $199 million at December 31, 2010 to $154 million at September 30, 2011, primarily reflecting the effective settlement of issues on audit. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will decrease between zero and approximately $80 million within the next twelve months due to settlement of audits and expiration of statutes of limitation.
Other Matters Impacting Results in Prior Periods
In June 2010, the Company settled a lawsuit brought by the Alaska Retirement Management Board (“ARMB”) against Mercer. Under the terms of the settlement agreement, Mercer paid $500 million, of which $100 million was covered by insurance, and recognized a charge of $400 million in the second quarter of 2010.

3.     Fiduciary Assets and Liabilities
In its capacity as an insurance broker or agent, the Company collects premiums from insureds and, after deducting its commissions, remits the premiums to the respective insurance underwriters. The Company also collects claims or refunds from underwriters on behalf of insureds. Unremitted insurance premiums and claims proceeds are held

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by the Company in a fiduciary capacity. Risk and Insurance Services revenue includes interest on fiduciary funds of $36 million and $33 million for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. The Consulting segment recorded fiduciary interest income of $3 million in each of the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010. Since fiduciary assets are not available for corporate use, they are shown in the consolidated balance sheets as an offset to fiduciary liabilities.
Fiduciary assets include approximately $102 million and $283 million of fixed income securities classified as available for sale at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. Unrealized gains or losses from available for sale securities are recorded in other comprehensive income until the securities are disposed of, mature or recognized as an other than temporary impairment. Unrealized gains, net of tax, were $1 million and $5 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively.
Net uncollected premiums and claims and the related payables amounted to $9.1 billion at both September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010. The Company is not a principal to the contracts under which the right to receive premiums or the right to receive reimbursement of insured losses arises. Net uncollected premiums and claims and the related payables are, therefore, not assets and liabilities of the Company and are not included in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets.
In certain instances, the Company advances premiums, refunds or claims to insurance underwriters or insureds prior to collection. These advances are made from corporate funds and are reflected in the accompanying consolidated balance sheets as receivables.

4.    Per Share Data
Under the accounting guidance which applies to the calculation of earnings per share (“EPS”) for share-based payment awards with rights to dividends or dividend equivalents, unvested share-based payment awards that contain nonforfeitable rights to dividends or dividend equivalents (whether paid or unpaid) are participating securities and should be included in the computation of basic and dilutive EPS using the two-class method.
Basic net income per share attributable to the Company and income from continuing operations per share are calculated by dividing the respective after-tax income attributable to common shares by the weighted average number of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock.
Diluted net income per share attributable to the Company and income from continuing operations per share are calculated by dividing the respective after-tax income attributable to common shares by the weighted average number of outstanding shares of the Company’s common stock, which have been adjusted for the dilutive effect of potentially issuable common shares (excluding those that are considered participating securities). The diluted earnings per share calculation reflects the more dilutive effect of either (a) the two-class method that assumes that the participating securities have not been exercised or (b) the treasury stock method. Reconciliation of the applicable income components used for diluted earnings per share and basic weighted average common shares outstanding to diluted weighted average common shares outstanding is presented below.
 
Basic EPS Calculation
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Net income from continuing operations
$
133

 
$
128

 
$
738

 
$
373

Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
5

 
3

 
18

 
13

Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company
128

 
125

 
720

 
360

Less: Portion attributable to participating securities
1

 
3

 
5

 
7

Net income attributable to common shares for basic earnings per share
$
127

 
$
122

 
$
715

 
$
353

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
540

 
543

 
543

 
539


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Basic EPS Calculation
Net Income
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Net income attributable to the Company
$
130

 
$
168

 
$
737

 
$
652

Less: Portion attributable to participating securities
1

 
3

 
5

 
11

Net income attributable to common shares for basic earnings per share
$
129

 
$
165

 
$
732

 
$
641

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
540

 
543

 
543

 
539

Diluted EPS Calculation
Continuing Operations
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Net income from continuing operations
$
133

 
$
128

 
$
738

 
$
373

Less: Net income attributable to non-controlling interests
5

 
3

 
18

 
13

Net income from continuing operations attributable to the Company
128

 
125

 
720

 
360

Less: Portion attributable to participating securities
1

 
3

 
5

 
7

Net income attributable to common shares for diluted earnings per share
$
127

 
$
122

 
$
715

 
$
353

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
540

 
543

 
543

 
539

Dilutive effect of potentially issuable common shares
9

 
5

 
9

 
4

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
549

 
548

 
552

 
543

Average stock price used to calculate common stock equivalents
$
28.87

 
$
23.58

 
$
29.27

 
$
23.19

Diluted EPS Calculation
Net Income
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Net income attributable to the Company
$
130

 
$
168

 
$
737

 
$
652

Less: Portion attributable to participating securities
1

 
3

 
5

 
11

Net income attributable to common shares for diluted earnings per share
$
129

 
$
165

 
$
732

 
$
641

Basic weighted average common shares outstanding
540

 
543

 
543

 
539

Dilutive effect of potentially issuable common shares
9

 
5

 
9

 
4

Diluted weighted average common shares outstanding
549

 
548

 
552

 
543

Average stock price used to calculate common stock equivalents
$
28.87

 
$
23.58

 
$
29.27

 
$
23.19

There were 40.5 million and 44.1 million stock options outstanding as of September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.

5.    Supplemental Disclosures to the Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
The following schedule provides additional information concerning acquisitions, interest and income taxes paid for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 

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(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

Assets acquired, excluding cash
$
148

 
$
633

Liabilities assumed
(19
)
 
(163
)
Shares issued (7.6 million shares in 2010)

 
(183
)
Contingent/deferred purchase consideration
(16
)
 
(65
)
Net cash outflow for current year acquisitions
113

 
222

Purchase of other intangibles
2

 
3

Contingent payments from prior years' acquisitions
3

 
2

Deferred purchase consideration from prior years' acquisitions
16

 
21

Net cash outflow for acquisitions
$
134

 
$
248


(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

Interest paid
$
163

 
$
182

Income taxes (refunded)/paid
$
(37
)
 
$
82

The Company had non-cash issuances of common stock under its share-based payment plan of $191 million and $173 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively. The Company recorded stock-based compensation expense related to equity awards of $124 million and $130 million for the nine month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, respectively.
The consolidated statement of cash flows for the period ended September 30, 2010 includes the cash flow impact of discontinued operations in each cash flow category. The cash flow impact of discontinued operations from the operating, financing and investing cash flow categories in 2010 is as follows:
 
For the Year Ended September 30,
 
(In millions of dollars)
2010

Net cash used for operations
$
(22
)
Net cash used for investing activities
$
(14
)
Effect of exchange rate changes on cash and cash equivalents
$
(2
)
The information above excludes the cash flow impacts of actual disposal transactions related to discontinued operations because the Company believes these transactions to be cash flows attributable to the parent company, arising from its decision to dispose of the discontinued operation. In the first nine months of 2010, the Company’s cash flow reflects cash provided by investing activities of $1.13 billion from the disposal of Kroll and $110 million related to the disposition of KLS.

6.    Comprehensive Income
The components of comprehensive income for the nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 

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(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

Foreign currency translation adjustments, net of income tax expense (credit) ($1 for 2011 and $(3) for 2010)
$
(113
)
 
$
(44
)
Unrealized investment holding losses, net of income tax credit ($1 for 2011 and $4 for 2010)
(5
)
 
(11
)
(Losses) gains related to pension/retiree plans, net of income tax expense ($39 for 2011 and $34 for 2010)
85

 
88

Other comprehensive (loss) income
(33
)
 
33

Net income before non-controlling interests
755

 
665

Comprehensive income before non-controlling interests
722

 
698

Less: Comprehensive income attributable to non-controlling interests
(18
)
 
(13
)
Comprehensive income attributable to the Company
$
704

 
$
685



7.     Acquisitions
During the first nine months of 2011 the Company made four acquisitions in its Risk and Insurance Services segment and three in its Consulting segment. In January 2011, Marsh acquired RJF Agencies, Inc., an independent insurance broking firm in the Midwest. In February 2011, Marsh acquired Hampton Roads Bonding, a surety bonding agency for commercial, road, utility, maritime and government contractors in the state of Virginia, and the Boston office of Kinloch Consulting Group, Inc. In July 2011, Marsh acquired Prescott Pailet Benefits, an employee benefits broker in the state of Texas. These acquisitions were made to expand Marsh’s share in the middle-market through Marsh & McLennan Agency.
In January 2011, Mercer acquired Hammond Associates, an investment consulting company for endowments and foundations in the U.S. In June 2011, Mercer acquired Evaluation Associates LLC, an investment consulting firm. In July 2011, Mercer acquired Mahoney Associates, a health and benefits advisory firm based in south Florida.
Total purchase consideration for the 2011 acquisitions was $132 million which consisted of cash paid of $116 million and estimated contingent consideration of $16 million. Contingent consideration arrangements are primarily based on EBITDA and revenue targets over two to four years. The fair value of the contingent consideration was based on projected revenue and earnings of the acquired entities. Estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are subject to adjustment when purchase accounting is finalized. The Company also paid $19 million of deferred purchase and contingent consideration related to acquisitions made in prior years. In addition, the Company paid $2 million to purchase other intangible assets during the first nine months of 2011.
In the second quarter of 2011, Marsh acquired the remaining minority interest of a previously majority owned entity for total purchase consideration of $8 million and accounted for this acquisition under the accounting guidance for consolidations and non-controlling interests. This guidance requires that changes in a parent’s ownership interest while retaining financial controlling interest in a subsidiary be accounted for as an equity transaction. Stepping up the acquired assets to fair value or the recording of goodwill is not permitted. Therefore, the Company recorded a decrease to additional paid-in capital in 2011 of $2 million related to this transaction.
In the first quarter of 2011, the Company paid deferred purchase consideration of $13 million related to the purchase in 2009 of the minority interest of a previously controlled entity.
The following table presents the preliminary allocation of the acquisition cost to the assets acquired and liabilities assumed, based on their fair values (amounts in millions):
 

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Cash
$
116

Contingent consideration
16

Total Consideration
$
132

Allocation of purchase price:
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
3

Accounts receivable, net
6

Property, plant, and equipment
2

Intangible assets
54

Goodwill
86

Total assets acquired
151

Current liabilities
12

Other liabilities
7

Total liabilities assumed
19

Net assets acquired
$
132

Prior Year Acquisitions
During the first nine months of 2010, the Company made four acquisitions in its Risk and Insurance Services segment and two acquisitions in its Consulting segment.
In July 2010, Mercer acquired IPA, a provider of health and benefit record-keeping and employee enrollment technology. In August 2010, Mercer acquired ORC Worldwide, a premier provider of HR knowledge, data and solutions for professionals in numerous industries.
During the first three quarters of 2010, the Company made four acquisitions in its Risk and Insurance Services segment. In February 2010, Marsh acquired Haake Companies, Inc., an independent insurance broking firm in the Midwest. In March 2010, Marsh acquired Thomas Rutherfoord, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Southeast and mid-Atlantic regions in the U.S. On April 30, 2010, Marsh acquired the Bostonian Group, one of the largest regional insurance borkerages in New England. These acquisitions were made to expand Marsh’s share in the middle-market through Marsh & McLennan Agency. On April 1, 2010, Marsh completed the acquisition of HSBC Insurance Brokers Ltd. This transaction deepens Marsh’s presence in the U.K., Hong Kong, Singapore, China and the Middle East. As part of the acquisition agreement, Marsh also entered into a strategic partnership with HSBC Bank that gives the Company preferred access to provide insurance broking and risk management services to HSBC and their corporate and private clients.
Total purchase consideration for the six acquisitions made during the first nine months of 2010 was $530 million which consisted of cash paid of $282 million, the issuance of 7.6 million shares with a fair value of $183 million, and estimated contingent consideration of $65 million. Contingent consideration arrangements are primarily based on EBITDA and revenue targets over two to four years. The fair value of the contingent consideration was based on earnings projections of the acquired entities. Estimated fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are subject to adjustment when purchase accounting is finalized.
In 2010, the Company also paid $21 million of deferred purchase consideration and $2 million of contingent purchase consideration related to acquisitions made in prior years and $3 million to purchase other intangible assets.
In the first quarter of 2010, the Company paid deferred purchase consideration of $15 million related to the purchase in 2009 of the minority interest of a previously controlled entity.
Pro-Forma Information
While the Company does not believe its acquisitions are material in the aggregate, the following unaudited pro-forma financial data gives effect to the acquisitions made by the Company during 2011 and 2010. In accordance with accounting guidance related to pro-forma disclosures, the information presented for current year acquisitions is as if they occurred on January 1, 2010. The pro-forma information adjusts for the effects of amortization of acquired intangibles. The unaudited pro-forma financial data is presented for illustrative purposes only and is not necessarily indicative of the operating results that would have been achieved if such acquisitions had occurred on the dates

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indicated, nor is it necessarily indicative of future consolidated results.

  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions, except per share data)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Revenue
$
2,806

 
$
2,568

 
$
8,630

 
$
7,985

Income from continuing operations
$
133

 
$
131

 
$
741

 
$
383

Net income attributable to the Company
$
131

 
$
171

 
$
739

 
$
661

Basic net income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
– Continuing operations
$
0.24

 
$
0.23

 
$
1.32

 
$
0.67

– Net income attributable to the Company
$
0.24

 
$
0.31

 
$
1.35

 
$
1.20

Diluted net income per share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
– Continuing operations
$
0.23

 
$
0.23

 
$
1.30

 
$
0.67

– Net income attributable to the Company
$
0.24

 
$
0.31

 
$
1.33

 
$
1.19

The Consolidated Statements of Income for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2011 include approximately $21 million of revenue and $2 million of net operating income and approximately $55 million of revenue and $8 million of net operating income, respectively, related to acquisitions made during 2011.

8.     Dispositions
In the first quarter of 2010, Kroll completed the sale of KLS and on August 3, 2010, the Company completed the sale of Kroll to Altegrity.
Kroll’s results of operations are reported as discontinued operations in the Company’s consolidated statements of income. The nine months ended September 30, 2010 also includes the gain on the sale of Kroll and related tax benefits and the loss on the sale of KLS, which includes the tax provision of $36 million on the sale. Discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 primarily relates to an insurance recovery for legal fees incurred at Putnam prior to its sale and a tax recovery under the indemnity related to the Putnam sale.
The Company’s tax basis in its investment in the stock of Kroll at the time of sale exceeded the recorded amount primarily as a result of prior impairments of goodwill recognized for financial reporting, but not tax. Prior to the second quarter of 2010, a tax benefit was not recorded for this temporary difference because it was not apparent in the foreseeable future that it would reverse in a transaction that would result in a tax benefit. Since Kroll met the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation in the second quarter of 2010, the Company determined that it had the ability to carry back the capital loss realized against prior realized capital gains. Therefore, a $265 million deferred tax benefit was recorded in discontinued operations in the second quarter of 2010 to establish a deferred tax asset.
Summarized Statements of Income data for discontinued operations is as follows:
 

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Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions of dollars except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Kroll Operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$

 
$
56

 
$

 
$
381

Expense

 
52

 

 
345

Net operating income

 
4

 

 
36

Income tax

 
1

 

 
16

Income from Kroll operations, net of tax

 
3

 

 
20

Other discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(7
)
 

 
(7
)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(4
)
 

 
13

Disposals of discontinued operations
3

 
35

 
11

 
42

Income tax (credit) expense
1

 
(12
)
 
(6
)
 
(237
)
Disposals of discontinued operations, net of tax
2

 
47

 
17

 
279

Discontinued operations, net of tax
$
2

 
$
43

 
$
17

 
$
292

Discontinued operations, net of tax per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
– Basic
$

 
$
0.07

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.53

– Diluted
$
0.01

 
$
0.08

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.53


9.    Goodwill and Other Intangibles
The Company is required to assess goodwill and any indefinite-lived intangible assets for impairment annually, or more frequently if circumstances indicate impairment may have occurred. The Company performs the annual impairment test for each of its reporting units during the third quarter of each year. The Company adopted new accounting provisions in the third quarter of 2011. Under this guidance, a company may first assess qualitative factors to determine whether it is necessary to perform the two-step goodwill impairment test. The Company considered numerous issues, which included the excess of fair value over carrying value in its most recent estimate of reporting unit fair values, whether significant acquisitions or dispositions occurred which might alter the fair values of its reporting units, macroeconomic conditions and their potential impact on reporting unit fair values, actual performance compared with budget and prior projections used in its estimation of reporting unit fair values, industry and market conditions, and the year over year change in the Company's share price.
Based on its qualitative evaluation, the Company concluded that a two-step goodwill impairment test was not required.
Other intangible assets that are not deemed to have an indefinite life are amortized over their estimated lives and reviewed for impairment upon the occurrence of certain triggering events in accordance with applicable accounting literature.
Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill are as follows:
 
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

Balance as of January 1, as reported(a)
$
6,420

 
$
5,990

Goodwill acquired
88

 
349

Other adjustments(b)
31

 
(53
)
Balance at September 30,
$
6,539

 
$
6,286


(a) 
Amounts in 2010 exclude goodwill and accumulated impairment losses related to Kroll, which were reclassified to discontinued operations.
(b) 
Primarily foreign exchange.
Goodwill allocable to the Company’s reportable segments is as follows: Risk & Insurance Services, $4.4 billion and Consulting, $2.1 billion.

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Amortized intangible assets consist of the cost of client lists, client relationships and trade names acquired. The gross cost and accumulated amortization is as follows:

  
September 30, 2011
 
December 31, 2010
(In millions of dollars)
Gross
Cost

 
Accumulated
Amortization

 
Net
Carrying
Amount

 
Gross
Cost

 
Accumulated
Amortization

 
Net
Carrying
Amount

Amortized intangibles
$
642

 
$
248

 
$
394

 
$
615

 
$
212

 
$
403

Aggregate amortization expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 was $50 million and $36 million, respectively, and the estimated future aggregate amortization expense is as follows:
 
For the Years Ending December 31,
 
(In millions of dollars)
Estimated Expense

2011 (excludes amortization through Sept 30, 2011)
$
17

2012
63

2013
56

2014
51

2015
43

Subsequent years
164

 
$
394


10.     Fair Value Measurements
Fair Value Hierarchy
The Company has categorized its assets and liabilities that are valued at fair value on a recurring basis into a three-level fair value hierarchy as defined by the FASB in ASC Topic No. 820 (“Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures”). The fair value hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets and liabilities (Level 1) and lowest priority to unobservable inputs (Level 3). In some cases, the inputs used to measure fair value might fall into different levels of the fair value hierarchy. In such cases, the level in the fair value hierarchy, for disclosure purposes, is determined based on the lowest level input that is significant to the fair value measurement.
Assets and liabilities recorded in the consolidated balance sheets at fair value are categorized based on the inputs in the valuation techniques as follows:
Level 1.
Assets and liabilities whose values are based on unadjusted quoted prices for identical assets or liabilities in an active market (examples include active exchange-traded equity securities, most U.S. Government and agency securities, money market mutual funds and certain other sovereign government obligations).
Assets and liabilities utilizing Level 1 inputs include exchange traded equity securities and mutual funds.
Level 2.
Assets and liabilities whose values are based on the following:
a)
Quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets;
b)
Quoted prices for identical or similar assets or liabilities in non-active markets (examples include corporate and municipal bonds, which trade infrequently);
c)
Pricing models whose inputs are observable for substantially the full term of the asset or liability (examples include most over-the-counter derivatives, including interest rate and currency swaps); and
d)
Pricing models whose inputs are derived principally from or corroborated by observable market data through correlation or other means for substantially the full asset or liability (for

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example, certain mortgage loans).
Assets and liabilities utilizing Level 2 inputs include corporate and mutual funds and senior notes.
Level 3.
Assets and liabilities whose values are based on prices, or valuation techniques that require inputs that are both unobservable and significant to the overall fair value measurement. These inputs reflect management’s own assumptions about the assumptions a market participant would use in pricing the asset or liability (examples include private equity investments, certain commercial mortgage whole loans, and long-dated or complex derivatives including certain foreign exchange options and long-dated options on gas and power).
Valuation Techniques
Equity Securities & Mutual Funds
Investments for which market quotations are readily available are valued at the sale price on their principal exchange, or official closing bid price for certain markets. If no sales are reported, the security is valued at its last reported bid price.
Other Sovereign Government Obligations, Municipal Bonds and Corporate Bonds
The investments listed in the caption above are valued on the basis of valuations furnished by an independent pricing service approved by the trustees or dealers. Such services or dealers determine valuations for normal institutional-size trading units of such securities using methods based on market transactions for comparable securities and various relationships, generally recognized by institutional traders, between securities.
Interest Rate Swap Derivative
The fair value of interest rate swap derivatives is based on the present value of future cash flows at each valuation date resulting from utilization of the swaps, using a constant discount rate of 1.6% compared to discount rates based on projected future yield curves. (See Note 12)
Senior Notes due 2014
The fair value of the first $250 million of Senior Notes maturing in 2014 is estimated to be the carrying value of those notes adjusted by the fair value of the interest rate swap derivative, discussed above. In the first quarter of 2011, the Company entered into two interest rate swaps to convert interest on a portion of its Senior Notes from a fixed rate to a floating rate. The swaps are designated as fair value hedging instruments. The change in the fair value of the swaps will be recorded on the balance sheet. The carrying value of the debt related to these swaps will be adjusted by an equal amount. (See Note 12)
Contingent Consideration Liability
Purchase consideration for some acquisitions made by the Company includes contingent consideration arrangements. Contingent consideration arrangements are primarily based on meeting EBITDA and revenue targets over two to four years. The fair value of contingent consideration is estimated as the present value of future cash flows that would result from the projected revenue and earnings of the acquired entities.
The following fair value hierarchy table presents information about the Company’s assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis as of September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010.
 

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(In millions of dollars)
Identical Assets
(Level 1)
 
Observable Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
Total
  
09/30/11

 
12/31/10

 
09/30/11

 
12/31/10

 
09/30/11

 
12/31/10

 
09/30/11

 
12/31/10

Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Financial instruments owned:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Exchange traded equity securities
$

 
$
1

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1

Mutual funds(a)
127

 
137

 

 

 

 

 
127

 
137

Money market funds(b)
59

 
8

 

 

 

 

 
59

 
8

Interest rate swap derivatives(c)

 

 
7

 

 

 

 
7

 

Total assets measured at fair value
$
186

 
$
146

 
$
7

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
193

 
$
146

Fiduciary Assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
State and local obligations (including non-U.S. locales)
$

 
$

 
$
19

 
$
68

 
$

 
$

 
$
19

 
$
68

Other sovereign government obligations and supranational agencies

 

 
80

 
185

 

 

 
80

 
185

Corporate and other debt

 

 
3

 
30

 

 

 
3

 
30

Money market funds
119

 
152

 

 

 

 

 
119

 
152

Total fiduciary assets measured at fair value
$
119

 
$
152

 
$
102

 
$
283

 
$

 
$

 
$
221

 
$
435

Liabilities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Contingent consideration liability(d)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
119

 
$
106

 
$
119

 
$
106

Senior Notes due 2014(e)
$

 
$

 
$
257

 
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
257

 
$

Total liabilities measured at fair value
$

 
$

 
$
257

 
$

 
$
119

 
$
106

 
$
376

 
$
106

(a) 
Included in other assets in the consolidated balance sheets.
(b)     Included in cash and cash equivalents in the consolidated balance sheets.                  
(c)    Included in other receivables in the consolidated balance sheets.
(d)    Included in accounts payable and accrued liabilities and other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheets.
(e)    Included in long term debt in the consolidated balance sheets.
During the nine month period ended September 30, 2011, there were no assets that transferred between Level 1 and Level 2.
The table below sets forth a summary of the changes in fair value of the Company’s Level 3 liabilities for the quarter ended September 30, 2011 that represent contingent consideration related to acquisitions:
 
  
Fair Value,
Beginning of
Period
 
Additions
 
Payments
 
Revaluation
Impact
 
Fair Value,
End of Period
Contingent consideration
$
106

 
16

 
(6
)
 
3

 
$
119

The fair value of the contingent liability is based on projections of revenue and earnings for the acquired entities that are reassessed on a quarterly basis.
11.    Retirement Benefits
The Company maintains qualified and non-qualified defined benefit pension plans for its U.S. and non-U.S. eligible employees. The Company’s policy for funding its tax qualified defined benefit retirement plans is to contribute amounts at least sufficient to meet the funding requirements set forth by U.S. law and the laws of the non-U.S. jurisdictions in which the Company offers defined benefit plans.
The target asset allocation for the U.S. Plan is 58% equities and 42% fixed income. At the end of the third quarter of 2011, the actual allocation for the U.S. Plan was 57% equities and 43% fixed income. The target asset allocation for

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the U.K. Plan, which comprises approximately 82% of non-U.S. Plan assets, is 58% equities and 42% fixed income. At the end of the third quarter of 2011, the actual allocation for the U.K. Plan was 49% equities and 51% fixed income.
The components of the net periodic benefit cost for defined benefit and other post-retirement plans are as follows:
 
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plan
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
55

 
$
49

 
$
1

 
$

Interest cost
153

 
145

 
2

 
4

Expected return on plan assets
(223
)
 
(204
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service credit
(5
)
 
(5
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Recognized actuarial loss (credit)
54

 
36

 
(3
)
 

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
$
34

 
$
21

 
$
(3
)
 
$
1

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plans
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
169

 
$
147

 
$
4

 
$
3

Interest cost
458

 
431

 
9

 
11

Expected return on plan assets
(668
)
 
(608
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service credit
(14
)
 
(15
)
 
(10
)
 
(10
)
Recognized actuarial loss (credit)
162

 
108

 
(3
)
 

Net periodic benefit cost
$
107

 
$
63

 
$

 
$
4

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Plans only
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
20

 
$
19

 
$

 
$

Interest cost
58

 
57

 
1

 
3

Expected return on plan assets
(79
)
 
(74
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service credit
(4
)
 
(4
)
 
(3
)
 
(3
)
Recognized actuarial loss (credit)
25

 
17

 
(3
)
 

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
$
20

 
$
15

 
$
(5
)
 
$

U.S. Plans only
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
62

 
$
57

 
$
2

 
$
2

Interest cost
173

 
170

 
6

 
8

Expected return on plan assets
(236
)
 
(221
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service credit
(12
)
 
(13
)
 
(10
)
 
(10
)
Recognized actuarial loss (credit)
75

 
53

 
(3
)
 

Net periodic benefit cost (credit)
$
62

 
$
46

 
$
(5
)
 
$

 

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Significant non-U.S. Plans only
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Three Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
35

 
$
30

 
$
1

 
$

Interest cost
95

 
88

 
1

 
1

Expected return on plan assets
(144
)
 
(130
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service cost
(1
)
 
(1
)
 

 

Recognized actuarial loss
29

 
19

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost
$
14

 
$
6

 
$
2

 
$
1

 
Significant non-U.S. Plans only
Pension
 
Postretirement
For the Nine Months Ended September 30,
Benefits
 
Benefits
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Service cost
$
107

 
$
90

 
$
2

 
$
1

Interest cost
285

 
261

 
3

 
3

Expected return on plan assets
(432
)
 
(387
)
 

 

Amortization of prior service cost
(2
)
 
(2
)
 

 

Recognized actuarial loss
87

 
55

 

 

Net periodic benefit cost
$
45

 
$
17

 
$
5

 
$
4

The weighted average actuarial assumptions utilized to calculate the net periodic benefit costs for the U.S. and significant non-U.S. defined benefit plans are as follows:
 
Combined U.S. and significant non-U.S. Plans
Pension
Benefits
 
Postretirement
Benefits
  
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Weighted average assumptions:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Expected return on plan assets
8.2
%
 
8.1
%
 
%
 
%
Discount rate
5.6
%
 
6.0
%
 
5.8
%
 
6.3
%
Rate of compensation increase
4.1
%
 
4.2
%
 
%
 
%
The Company made $247 million of contributions to its U.S. non-qualified and non-U.S. pension plans in the first nine months of 2011 and expects to contribute approximately $70 million to these plans during the remainder of 2011.


12.    Debt
The Company’s outstanding debt is as follows:
 

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(In millions of dollars)
September 30,
2011

 
December 31,
2010

Short-term:
 
 
 
Current portion of long-term debt
$
260

 
$
8

Long-term:
 
 
 
Senior notes – 6.25% due 2012 (5.1% effective interest rate)
$
251

 
$
253

Senior notes – 4.850% due 2013
250

 
250

Senior notes – 5.875% due 2033
296

 
296

Senior notes – 5.375% due 2014
326

 
648

Senior notes – 5.75% due 2015
479

 
747

Senior notes – 9.25% due 2019
398

 
398

Senior notes – 4.80% due 2021
496

 

Mortgage – 5.70% due 2035
433

 
439

Other
1

 
3

 
2,930

 
3,034

Less current portion
260

 
8

 
$
2,670

 
$
3,026

The senior notes in the table above are publically registered by the Company with no guarantees attached.
On June 27, 2011, the Company commenced tender offers (the “tender offers”) to purchase for cash up to a total of $500 million aggregate principal amount of its outstanding 5.375% notes due 2014 (the “2014 Notes”) and 5.750% notes due 2015 (the “2015 Notes” and together with the 2014 Notes, the “Outstanding Notes”), of which $650 million and $750 million, respectively, were then outstanding.
On July 15, 2011, the Company purchased a total of $600 million of the Outstanding Notes comprised of $330 million of its 2014 Notes and $270 million of its 2015 Notes. The Company acquired the notes at market value plus a tender premium, which exceeded the notes' carrying value.
The Company used proceeds from the issuance of 4.80% ten-year $500 million senior notes in the third quarter of 2011 and cash on hand to fund the amounts associated with the tendered bonds.
During the third quarter of 2010, the Company repaid its 5.15% fixed rate $550 million senior notes that matured.
On October 13, 2011, the Company and certain of its foreign subsidiaries entered into a new $1.0 billion multi-currency five-year unsecured revolving credit facility, which replaced the $1.0 billion facility discussed below, which was in effect as of September 30, 2011. The interest rate on this facility is based on LIBOR plus a fixed margin which varies with the Company's credit ratings. This facility requires the Company to maintain certain coverage and leverage ratios which are tested quarterly.
The Company and certain of its foreign subsidiaries previously maintained a $1.0 billion multi-currency three-year unsecured revolving credit facility. This facility was due to expire in October 2012. There were no borrowings outstanding under this facility at September 30, 2011.
Derivative Financial Instruments
In February 2011, the Company entered into two $125 million 3.5-year interest rate swaps to hedge changes in the fair value of the first $250 million of the outstanding 5.375% senior notes due in 2014.
Under the terms of the swaps, the counter-parties will pay the Company a fixed rate of 5.375% and the Company will pay interest at a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus a fixed spread of 3.726%. The maturity date of the senior notes and the swaps match exactly. The floating rate resets quarterly, with every second reset occurring on the interest payment date of the senior notes. The swaps net settle every six months on the senior note coupon payment dates. The swaps are designated as fair value hedging instruments and are deemed to be perfectly effective in accordance with applicable accounting guidance. The fair value of the swaps at inception was zero and subsequent changes in the fair value of the interest rate swaps are reflected in the carrying value of the interest rate swaps and in the consolidated balance sheet. The carrying value of the debt on the balance sheet was adjusted by an equal amount. The gain or loss on the hedged item (fixed rate debt) and the offsetting gain or loss on the interest

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rate swaps as of September 30, 2011 are as follows:
 
Income statement classification
(In millions of dollars)
Gain on
Swaps
 
Loss on
Notes
 
Net
Income
Effect
Other Operating Expenses
$
7

 
$
(7
)
 
$

The amounts earned and owed under the swap agreements are accrued each period and are reported in interest expense. There was no ineffectiveness recognized in the periods presented. The portion of the debt acquired under the tender offer discussed above was not part of the first $250 million outstanding and therefore, did not impact the hedged portion of this debt.

13.    Restructuring Costs
The Company recorded total restructuring costs of $16 million in the first nine months of 2011, majority of which related to severance.
Details of the activity from January 1, 2010 through September 30, 2011 regarding restructuring activities, which includes liabilities from actions prior to 2011, are as follows:
 
(In millions of dollars)
Liability at
1/1/10

 
Amounts
Accrued

 
Cash
Paid

 
Liability at
12/31/10

 
Amounts
Accrued

 
Cash
Paid

 
Other (a)

 
Liability at
9/30/11

Severance
$
77

 
$
79

 
$
(116
)
 
$
40

 
$
9

 
$
(37
)
 
$

 
$
12

Future rent under non-cancelable leases and other costs
182

 
62

 
(73
)
 
171

 
7

 
(33
)
 
2

 
147

Total
$
259

 
$
141

 
$
(189
)
 
$
211

 
$
16

 
$
(70
)
 
$
2

 
$
159

(a) 
Primarily foreign exchange
The expenses associated with the above initiatives are included in compensation and benefits and other operating expenses in the consolidated statements of income. The liabilities associated with these initiatives are classified on the consolidated balance sheets as Accounts payable, Other liabilities, or Accrued compensation, depending on the nature of the items.

14.    Financial Instruments
The estimated fair value of the Company’s significant financial instruments is provided below. Certain estimates and judgments were required to develop the fair value amounts. The fair value amounts shown below are not necessarily indicative of the amounts that the Company would realize upon disposition, nor do they indicate the Company’s intent or need to dispose of the financial instrument.

  
September 30, 2011
 
 
December 31, 2010
 
(In millions of dollars)
Carrying
Amount

 
Fair
Value

 
Carrying
Amount

 
Fair
Value

Cash and cash equivalents
$
1,714

 
$
1,714

 
$
1,894

 
$
1,894

Long-term investments
$
56

 
$
56

 
$
68

 
$
64

Short-term debt
$
260

 
$
263

 
$
8

 
$
8

Long-term debt
$
2,670

 
$
2,914

 
$
3,026

 
$
3,234

Cash and Cash Equivalents: The estimated fair value of the Company’s cash and cash equivalents approximates their carrying value.
Long-term Investments: Long-term investments include available for sale securities recorded at quoted market

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prices, certain investments carried at cost and unrealized gains related to available for sale investments held in a fiduciary capacity as discussed below.
The Company has long-term investments of $34 million and $39 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, carried on the cost basis for which there are no readily available market prices. These investments are included in Other assets in the consolidated balance sheets. The Company monitors these investments for impairment and makes appropriate reductions in carrying values when necessary.
The Company had available for sale securities with an aggregate fair value of $20 million and $23 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively, which are carried at market value under ASC Topic No. 320. The Company had gross unrealized gains (pre-tax) on these securities of $7 million and $8 million included in accumulated other comprehensive income at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. The Company recorded the following change in unrealized gains and losses for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010.
 
(In millions of dollars)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Unrealized gains (pre-tax)
$

 
$

 
$

 
$
1

Unrealized losses (pre-tax)
$

 
$

 
$
(1
)
 
$

A portion of the Company’s fiduciary funds described in Note 3 are invested in high quality debt securities and are classified as available for sale. Gross unrealized gains (pre-tax) on these securities that are included in other assets and accumulated other comprehensive income in the consolidated balance sheets were $1 million and $7 million at September 30, 2011 and December 31, 2010, respectively. In the nine months ended September 30, 2011 and 2010, the Company recorded gross unrealized losses (pre-tax) of $5 million and $8 million, respectively, related to these investments. These amounts have been excluded from earnings and reported, net of deferred income taxes, in accumulated other comprehensive income (loss), which is a component of equity.
Proceeds from the sale of available for sale investments were as follows:
 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Proceeds from the sale of available for sale securities
$

 
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
15

The cost of equity securities sold is determined using the average cost method.
The Company also holds investments in certain private equity fund partnerships which are accounted for using the equity method and other investments that are held at cost. The Company recorded the following gains (losses) related to these investments:
 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Equity method gains (losses)
$

 
$
(4
)
 
$
14

 
$
13

Gains (losses) on cost method investments

 
1

 
(2
)
 
2

Gains (losses) from equity and cost method investments

 
(3
)
 
12

 
15

Realized gains on available for sale securities

 
1

 
1

 
9

Investment income (loss)
$

 
$
(2
)
 
$
13

 
$
24

Short-term and Long-term Debt: The fair value of the Company’s short-term debt, which consists primarily of term debt maturing within the next year, approximates its carrying value. The estimated fair value of a primary portion of the Company’s long-term debt is based on discounted future cash flows using current interest rates available for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities. The fair value of the first $250 million of Senior Notes maturing in

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2014 is estimated to be the carrying value of those notes adjusted by the fair value of the interest rate swap derivative, discussed above.

15.    Common Stock
During the third quarter of 2011, the Company repurchased approximately 4.4 million shares of its common stock for total consideration of approximately $126 million, at an average price per share of $28.28. For the nine months ending September 30, 2011, the Company has repurchased approximately 12.2 million shares for total consideration of $361 million at an average price per share of $29.44. The repurchased shares were reflected as an increase in treasury shares (a decrease in shares outstanding). During the third quarter of 2011, the Company received authorization to increase the share repurchase program to $1 billion from $500 million. The Company remains authorized to repurchase additional shares of its common stock up to a value of $553 million. There is no time limit on this authorization.

16.    Claims, Lawsuits and Other Contingencies
Errors and Omissions Claims
The Company and its subsidiaries, particularly Marsh and Mercer, are subject to a significant number of claims, lawsuits and proceedings in the ordinary course of business. Such claims and lawsuits consist principally of alleged errors and omissions in connection with the performance of professional services, including the placement of insurance and the provision of actuarial services for corporate and public clients. Certain of these claims seek damages, including punitive and treble damages, in amounts that could, if awarded, be significant. In establishing liabilities for errors and omissions claims in accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic No. 450-20 (Contingencies—Loss Contingencies), the Company utilizes case level reviews by inside and outside counsel and an internal actuarial analysis to estimate potential losses. A liability is established when a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable. The liability is reviewed quarterly and adjusted as developments warrant. In many cases, the Company has not recorded a liability, other than for legal fees to defend the claim, because we are unable, at the present time, to make a determination that a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable.
To the extent that expected losses exceed our deductible in any policy year, the Company also records an asset for the amount that we expect to recover under any available third-party insurance programs. The Company has varying levels of third-party insurance coverage, with policy limits and coverage terms varying significantly by policy year.
Governmental Inquiries and Related Claims
In January 2005, the Company and its subsidiary Marsh Inc. entered into a settlement agreement with the New York State Attorney General (“NYAG”) and the New York State Insurance Department to settle a civil complaint and related citation regarding Marsh’s use of market service agreements with various insurance companies. The parties subsequently entered into an amended and restated settlement agreement in February 2010 that helps restore a level playing field for Marsh.
Numerous private party lawsuits based on similar allegations to those made in the NYAG complaint were commenced against the Company, one or more of its subsidiaries, and their current and former directors and officers. Most of these matters have been resolved. Eight actions instituted by individual policyholders against the Company, Marsh and certain Marsh subsidiaries remain pending in federal and state courts.
Our activities are regulated under the laws of the United States and its various states, the European Union and its member states, and the other jurisdictions in which we operate. In the ordinary course of business we are also subject to investigations, lawsuits and/or other regulatory actions undertaken by governmental authorities.
Other Contingencies—Guarantees
In connection with its acquisition of U.K.-based Sedgwick Group in 1998, the Company acquired several insurance underwriting businesses that were already in run-off, including River Thames Insurance Company Limited (“River Thames”), which we sold in 2001. Sedgwick guaranteed payment of claims on certain policies underwritten through the Institute of London Underwriters (the “ILU”) by River Thames. The policies covered by this guarantee are reinsured up to £40 million by a related party of River Thames. Payment of claims under the reinsurance agreement is collateralized by segregated assets held in a trust. As of September 30, 2011, the reinsurance coverage exceeded the best estimate of the projected liability of the policies covered by the guarantee. To the extent River Thames or the reinsurer is unable to meet its obligations under those policies, a claimant may seek to recover from

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us under the guarantee.
From 1980 to 1983, the Company owned indirectly the English & American Insurance Company (“E&A”), which was a member of the ILU. The ILU required the Company to guarantee a portion of E&A’s obligations. After E&A became insolvent in 1993, the ILU agreed to discharge the guarantee in exchange for the Company’s agreement to post an evergreen letter of credit that is available to pay claims by policyholders on certain E&A policies issued through the ILU and incepting between July 3, 1980 and October 6, 1983. Certain claims have been paid under the letter of credit and we anticipate that additional claimants may seek to recover against the letter of credit.
Putnam-related Matters
Under the terms of a stock purchase agreement with Great-West Lifeco Inc. (“GWL”) related to GWL’s purchase of Putnam Investments Trust from the Company in August 2007, a copy of which was included as an exhibit to the Company’s Form 8-K filed on February 1, 2007, we agreed to indemnify GWL with respect to certain Putnam-related litigation and regulatory matters. Most of these matters have been resolved.
One action by investors in certain Putnam mutual funds, which asserts derivative claims on behalf of the funds against Putnam regarding excessive short-term trading, remains pending in the District of Maryland, and may be subject to our indemnification obligations.
Kroll-related Matters
Under the terms of a stock purchase agreement with Altegrity, Inc. (“Altegrity”) related to Altegrity’s purchase of Kroll from the Company in August 2010, a copy of which is attached as an exhibit to the Company’s Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the period ended June 30, 2010, we agreed to provide a limited indemnity to Altegrity with respect to certain Kroll-related litigation and regulatory matters.
The pending proceedings and other matters described in this Note 16 on Claims, Lawsuits and Other Contingencies may expose the Company or its subsidiaries to liability for significant monetary damages and other forms of relief. Where a loss is both probable and reasonably estimable, we establish liabilities in accordance with FASB ASC Subtopic No. 450-20 (Contingencies—Loss Contingencies). Except as described above, we are not able at this time to provide a reasonable estimate of the range of possible loss attributable to these matters or the impact they may have on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial position or cash flows. This is primarily because these matters are still developing and involve complex issues subject to inherent uncertainty. Adverse determinations in one or more of these matters could have a material impact on the Company’s consolidated results of operations, financial condition or cash flows in a future period.

17.    Segment Information
The Company is organized based on the types of services provided. Under this organizational structure, the Company’s business segments are:
Risk and Insurance Services, comprising insurance services (Marsh) and reinsurance services (Guy Carpenter); and
Consulting, comprising Mercer and Oliver Wyman Group
With the sale of Kroll in August 2010, along with previous divestiture transactions between 2008 and 2010, the Company has divested its entire Risk Consulting and Technology segment.
The accounting policies of the segments are the same as those used for the consolidated financial statements described in Note 1 to the Company’s 2010 10-K. Segment performance is evaluated based on segment operating income, which includes directly related expenses, and charges or credits related to integration and restructuring but not the Company’s corporate-level expenses. Revenues are attributed to geographic areas on the basis of where the services are performed.
Selected information about the Company’s operating segments for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 

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Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions of dollars)
Revenue

 
Operating
Income
(Loss)

 
Revenue

 
Operating
Income
(Loss)

2011 –
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk and Insurance Services
$
1,475

(a) 
$
186

 
$
4,729

(c) 
$
925

Consulting
1,339

(b) 
161

 
3,919

(d) 
441

Total Operating Segments
2,814

  
347

 
8,648

  
1,366

Corporate / Eliminations
(8
)
 
(37
)
 
(30
)
 
(119
)
Total Consolidated
$
2,806

  
$
310

 
$
8,618

  
$
1,247

2010 –
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Risk and Insurance Services
$
1,327

(a) 
$
142

 
$
4,278

(c) 
$
747

Consulting
1,203

(b) 
138

 
3,526

(d) 
(21
)
Total Operating Segments
2,530

  
280

 
7,804

  
726

Corporate / Eliminations
(6
)
 
(41
)
 
(39
)
 
(112
)
Total Consolidated
$
2,524

  
$
239

 
$
7,765

  
$
614

(a) 
Includes inter-segment revenue of $2 million and $4 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, interest income on fiduciary funds of $14 million and $11 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, and equity method income of $1 million in both 2011 and 2010 .
(b) 
Includes inter-segment revenue of $6 million and $2 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, and interest income on fiduciary funds of $1 million in both 2011 and 2010.
(c) 
Includes inter-segment revenue of $4 million and $6 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, interest income on fiduciary funds of $36 million and $33 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, and equity method income of $10 million and $9 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively.
(d) 
Includes inter-segment revenue of $26 million and $33 million in 2011 and 2010, respectively, and interest income on fiduciary funds of $3 million in both 2011 and 2010.
Details of operating segment revenue for the three and nine-month periods ended September 30, 2011 and 2010 are as follows:
 
  
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Risk and Insurance Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marsh
$
1,221

 
$
1,092

 
$
3,875

 
$
3,481

Guy Carpenter
254

 
235

 
854

 
797

Total Risk and Insurance Services
1,475

 
1,327

 
4,729

 
4,278

Consulting
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mercer
975

 
881

 
2,842

 
2,568

Oliver Wyman Group
364

 
322

 
1,077

 
958

Total Consulting
1,339

 
1,203

 
3,919

 
3,526

Total Operating Segments
2,814

 
2,530

 
8,648

 
7,804

Corporate/ Eliminations
(8
)
 
(6
)
 
(30
)
 
(39
)
Total
$
2,806

 
$
2,524

 
$
8,618

 
$
7,765


18.    New Accounting Pronouncements
In June 2011, the FASB issued guidance related to the presentation of Comprehensive Income. The new guidance gives an entity the option to present the total of comprehensive income, the components of net income, and the components of other comprehensive income either in a single continuous statement of comprehensive income or in two separate but consecutive statements. In both choices, an entity is required to present each component of net

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income along with total net income, each component of other comprehensive income along with a total for other comprehensive income, and a total amount for comprehensive income. The guidance eliminates the option to present the components of other comprehensive income as part of the statement of changes in stockholders’ equity. The guidance does not change the items that must be reported in other comprehensive income or when an item of other comprehensive income must be reclassified to net income.
On October 21, the effective date for implementation of this guidance was deferred indefinitely by the FASB. Other than enhanced disclosure, adoption of this guidance will not have a material affect on the Company’s financial statements.
In December 2009, the FASB issued new guidance related to the Consolidation of Variable Interest Entities (“VIE”). The new guidance focuses on “controlling financial interests” and requires companies to perform qualitative analysis to determine whether they must consolidate a VIE by assessing whether the variable interests give them controlling financial interests in the VIE. This guidance is effective for transfers occurring on or after November 15, 2009. Provisions must be applied in annual reporting periods beginning after November 15, 2009 and interim periods within that annual period. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
Also, effective January 1, 2010, the Company adopted new guidance that indefinitely defers the above changes relating to the Company’s interests in entities that have all the attributes of an investment company or for which it is industry practice to apply measurement principles for financial reporting that are consistent with those applied by an investment company. As a result, the guidance discussed in the preceding paragraph did not apply to certain investment management trusts managed by Mercer. Mercer manages approximately $19 billion of assets in trusts or funds for which Mercer’s management or trustee fee is considered a variable interest. Mercer is not the primary beneficiary of these trusts or funds. Mercer’s only variable interest in any of these trusts or funds is its unpaid fees, if any. Mercer’s maximum exposure to loss of its interests is, therefore, limited to collection of its fees.
In January 2011, the Company adopted guidance issued by the FASB on revenue recognition regarding multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In January 2011, the Company adopted guidance issued by the FASB which establishes a revenue recognition model for contingent consideration that is payable upon the achievement of an uncertain future event, referred to as a milestone. The scope of this guidance is limited to research or development arrangements and requires an entity to record the milestone payment in its entirety in the period received if the milestone meets all the necessary criteria to be considered substantive. However, entities would not be precluded from making an accounting policy election to apply another appropriate accounting policy that results in the deferral of some portion of the arrangement consideration. The adoption of this new guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.
In May 2010, the FASB issued guidance for foreign currency issues and Venezuela’s highly inflationary status. The guidance states that Venezuela’s economy should be considered highly inflationary as of January 1, 2010 and therefore a U.S. dollar reporting entity must remeasure the financial statements of its Venezuelan subsidiaries as if the subsidiaries’ functional reporting currency were the entity’s reporting currency (i.e., the U.S. dollar). Any changes related to the conversion of non-U.S. dollar denominated balance sheet accounts must be recognized in earnings. The adoption of the guidance did not have a material impact on the Company’s financial statements.

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Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
General
Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) is a global professional services firm providing advice and solutions in the areas of risk, strategy, and human capital. The Company’s subsidiaries include Marsh, which provides risk and insurance services; Guy Carpenter, which provides reinsurance services; Mercer, which provides human resource and related financial advice and services; and Oliver Wyman Group, which provides management consulting and other services. The Company’s approximately 52,000 employees worldwide provide analysis, advice and transactional capabilities to clients in over 100 countries.
The Company’s business segments are based on the services provided. Risk and Insurance Services includes risk management and insurance and reinsurance broking and services, provided primarily by Marsh and Guy Carpenter. Consulting, which comprises the activities of Mercer and Oliver Wyman Group, includes human resource consulting and related investment and outsourcing services, and specialized management, economic and brand consulting services.
In the first quarter of 2010, Kroll completed the sale of Kroll Laboratory Specialists (“KLS”) and on August 3, 2010, the Company completed the sale of Kroll to Altegrity. With the Kroll disposition completed in August 2010, along with the previous disposals of other businesses between 2008 and 2010, the Company has divested its entire Risk Consulting and Technology segment. As described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, based on the terms and conditions of the divestitures of the Corporate Advisory and Restructuring businesses (“CARG”) in 2008, the Company determined it has “continuing involvement” in those businesses, as that term is used in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5e. Therefore classification of CARG as discontinued operations is not appropriate, and their financial results in the current and prior periods are included in operating income. The run-off of the Company’s involvement in the CARG businesses is managed by the Company’s corporate departments, and consequently, the financial results of these businesses are included in “Corporate” for segment reporting purposes.
The gain on the sale of Kroll and the related tax benefits, and the after-tax loss on the sale of KLS, along with Kroll's and KLS's 2010 operating results are included in discontinued operations.
In January 2011, Marsh acquired RJF Agencies, an independent insurance agency in the upper Midwest. In February 2011, Marsh acquired Hampton Roads Bonding, a surety bonding agency for commercial, road, utility, maritime and government contractors in the state of Virginia, and the Boston office of Kinloch Consulting Group, Inc. In July 2011, Marsh acquired Prescott Pailet Benefits, an employee benefits broker based in Texas.
In the first quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired Haake Companies, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Midwest region and Thomas Rutherfoord, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Southeast and mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. In the second quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired HSBC Insurance Brokers Ltd., an international provider of risk intermediary and risk advisory services and the Bostonian Group Insurance Agency, Inc. and Bostonian Solutions, Inc. (collectively the “Bostonian Group”), a regional insurance brokerage in New England. In the fourth quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired Trion, a U.S. private benefits specialist and SBS, a Georgia-based benefits brokerage and consulting firm.
In the first quarter of 2011, Mercer acquired Hammond Associates, an investment consulting company for endowments and foundations in the U.S. In June 2011, Mercer acquired Evaluation Associates, an investment consulting firm. In July 2011, Mercer acquired Mahoney Associates, a health and benefits advisory firm based in South Florida.
In July 2010, Mercer acquired Innovative Process Administration (“IPA”), a provider of health and benefit recordkeeping and employee enrollment technology. In August 2010, Mercer acquired ORC Worldwide, a premier provider of HR knowledge, data and solutions for professionals in numerous industries.
A reconciliation of segment operating income to total operating income is included in Note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report. The accounting policies used for each segment are the same as those used for the consolidated financial statements.
This MD&A contains forward-looking statements as that term is defined in the Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995. See “Information Concerning Forward-Looking Statements” at the outset of this report.
Consolidated Results of Operations
 

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Third Quarter
 
Nine Months
(In millions, except per share figures)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Revenue
$
2,806

 
$
2,524

 
$
8,618

 
$
7,765

Expense:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Compensation and Benefits
1,753

 
1,586

 
5,202

 
4,775

Other Operating Expenses
743

 
699

 
2,169

 
2,376

Operating Expenses
2,496

 
2,285

 
7,371

 
7,151

Operating Income
310

 
239

 
1,247

 
614

Income from Continuing Operations
133

 
128

 
738

 
373

Discontinued Operations, net of tax
2

 
43

 
17

 
292

Net Income Before Non-Controlling Interest
135

 
171

 
755

 
665

Net Income Attributable to the Company
$
130

 
$
168

 
$
737

 
$
652

Income From Continuing Operations Per Share:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.24

 
$
0.23

 
$
1.32

 
$
0.66

Diluted
$
0.23

 
$
0.22

 
$
1.30

 
$
0.65

Net Income Per Share Attributable to the Company:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
$
0.24

 
$
0.30

 
$
1.35

 
$
1.19

Diluted
$
0.24

 
$
0.30

 
$
1.33

 
$
1.18

Average Number of Shares Outstanding:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Basic
540

 
543

 
543

 
539

Diluted
549

 
548

 
552

 
543

Shares Outstanding at September 30,
538

 
543

 
538

 
543

The Company's consolidated operating income increased 30% to $310 million in the third quarter of 2011 compared with consolidated operating income of $239 million in the prior year reflecting increases of $44 million in Risk and Insurance Services and $23 million in Consulting.
The Company reported consolidated operating income of $1.2 billion for the first nine months of 2011 compared with $614 million in the prior year. The 2010 results include a net charge of $400 million in the Consulting segment due to the resolution of litigation brought by the Alaska Retirement Management Board (“ARMB”) against Mercer. Excluding this charge, operating income would have increased 23% in the first nine months of 2011 compared to 2010, reflecting increases of $178 million in Risk & Insurance Services and $62 million in Consulting.
Consolidated Revenue and Expense
The Company conducts business in many countries, as a result of which the impact of foreign exchange rate movements may distort period-to-period comparisons of revenue. Similarly, the revenue impact of acquisitions and dispositions, including transfers among businesses, may impact period-to-period comparisons of revenue. Underlying revenue, presented below measures the change in revenue from one period to another by isolating these impacts. The impact of foreign currency exchange fluctuations and acquisitions and dispositions, including transfers among businesses, on the Company’s operating revenues by segment is as follows:
 

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(In millions of dollars)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
%
Change
GAAP
Revenue

 
Components of Revenue Change*
Currency
Impact

 
Acquisitions/
Dispositions
Impact

 
Underlying
Revenue

2011

 
2010

 
Risk and Insurance Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marsh
$
1,210

 
$
1,083

 
12
%
 
3
%
 
3
%
 
6
%
Guy Carpenter
251

 
233

 
8
%
 
2
%
 
3
%
 
3
%
Subtotal
1,461

 
1,316

 
11
%
 
3
%
 
3
%
 
5
%
Fiduciary Interest Income
14

 
11

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Risk and Insurance Services
1,475

 
1,327

 
11
%
 
3
%
 
3
%
 
5
%
Consulting
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mercer
975

 
881

 
11
%
 
5
%
 
2
%
 
4
%
Oliver Wyman Group
364

 
322

 
13
%
 
4
%
 

 
9
%
Total Consulting
1,339

 
1,203

 
11
%
 
4
%
 
1
%
 
6
%
Corporate/Eliminations
(8
)
 
(6
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Revenue
$
2,806

 
$
2,524

 
11
%
 
4
%
 
2
%
 
5
%
*
Components of revenue change may not add due to rounding.
The following table provides more detailed revenue information for certain of the components presented above:
 
(In millions of dollars)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
%
Change
GAAP
Revenue

 
Components of Revenue Change*
Currency
Impact

 
Acquisitions/
Dispositions
Impact

 
Underlying
Revenue

2011

 
2010

 
Marsh:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMEA
$
367

 
$
332

 
11
%
 
5
%
 

 
6
 %
Asia Pacific
158

 
125

 
26
%
 
11
%
 
3
 %
 
13
 %
Latin America
84

 
73

 
16
%
 
3
%
 

 
13
 %
Total International
609

 
530

 
15
%
 
6
%
 
1
 %
 
8
 %
U.S. / Canada
601

 
553

 
9
%
 
1
%
 
5
 %
 
3
 %
Total Marsh
$
1,210

 
$
1,083

 
12
%
 
3
%
 
3
 %
 
6
 %
Mercer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retirement
$
261

 
$
256

 
2
%
 
4
%
 

 
(2
)%
Health and Benefits
239

 
224

 
7
%
 
3
%
 
(3
)%
 
7
 %
Rewards, Talent & Communications
173

 
142

 
21
%
 
4
%
 
4
 %
 
13
 %
Total Mercer Consulting
673

 
622

 
8
%
 
4
%
 

 
5
 %
Outsourcing
186

 
168

 
11
%
 
6
%
 
4
 %
 
1
 %
Investment Consulting & Management
116

 
91

 
28
%
 
8
%
 
11
 %
 
10
 %
Total Mercer
$
975

 
$
881

 
11
%
 
5
%
 
2
 %
 
4
 %
Underlying revenue measures the change in revenue using consistent currency exchange rates, excluding the impact of certain items such as: acquisitions, dispositions and transfers among businesses.
*
Components of revenue change may not add due to rounding.
 

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(In millions of dollars)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
%
Change
GAAP
Revenue

 
Components of Revenue Change*
Currency
Impact

 
Acquisitions/
Dispositions
Impact

 
Underlying
Revenue

2011

 
2010

 
Risk and Insurance Services
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Marsh
$
3,845

 
$
3,454

 
11
%
 
3
%
 
4
%
 
5
%
Guy Carpenter
848

 
791

 
7
%
 
1
%
 
1
%
 
5
%
Subtotal
4,693

 
4,245

 
11
%
 
2
%
 
4
%
 
5
%
Fiduciary Interest Income
36

 
33

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Risk and Insurance Services
4,729

 
4,278

 
11
%
 
2
%
 
3
%
 
5
%
Consulting
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Mercer
2,842

 
2,568

 
11
%
 
4
%
 
2
%
 
4
%
Oliver Wyman Group
1,077

 
958

 
12
%
 
4
%
 

 
9
%
Total Consulting
3,919

 
3,526

 
11
%
 
4
%
 
1
%
 
6
%
Corporate/Eliminations
(30
)
 
(39
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Total Revenue
$
8,618

 
$
7,765

 
11
%
 
3
%
 
3
%
 
5
%
*
Components of revenue change may not add due to rounding.

(In millions of dollars)
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
%
Change
GAAP
Revenue

 
Components of Revenue Change*
 
Currency
Impact

 
Acquisitions/
Dispositions
Impact

 
Underlying
Revenue

2011

 
2010

 
Marsh:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
EMEA
$
1,363

 
$
1,256

 
9
%
 
3
%
 
2
 %
 
4
 %
Asia Pacific
452

 
363

 
24
%
 
11
%
 
5
 %
 
9
 %
Latin America
228

 
191

 
19
%
 
2
%
 
 %
 
17
 %
Total International
2,043

 
1,810

 
13
%
 
4
%
 
2
 %
 
6
 %
U.S. / Canada
1,802

 
1,644

 
10
%
 
1
%
 
6
 %
 
3
 %
Total Marsh
$
3,845

 
$
3,454

 
11
%
 
3
%
 
4
 %
 
5
 %
Mercer:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retirement
$
813

 
$
795

 
2
%
 
4
%
 

 
(1
)%
Health and Benefits
717

 
676

 
6
%
 
2
%
 
(3
)%
 
7
 %
Rewards, Talent & Communications
417

 
337

 
24
%
 
4
%
 
7
 %
 
13
 %
Total Mercer Consulting
1,947

 
1,808

 
8
%
 
3
%
 

 
4
 %
Outsourcing
550

 
491

 
12
%
 
6
%
 
5
 %
 
1
 %
Investment Consulting & Management
345

 
269

 
29
%
 
8
%
 
9
 %
 
12
 %
Total Mercer
$
2,842

 
$
2,568

 
11
%
 
4
%
 
2
 %
 
4
 %
Underlying revenue measures the change in revenue using consistent currency exchange rates, excluding the impact of certain items such as: acquisitions, dispositions and transfers among businesses.
*
Components of revenue change may not add due to rounding.




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Revenue
Consolidated revenue for the third quarter of 2011 was $2.8 billion, an increase of 11% compared with the same period in the prior year. On an underlying basis revenue increased 5%.
Revenue in the Risk and Insurance Services segment for the third quarter of 2011 increased 11% to $1.5 billion, from the same period in 2010, or 5% on an underlying basis. Within the Risk and Insurance Services segment, underlying revenue increased 6% for Marsh and 3% for Guy Carpenter. Marsh experienced revenue growth in all geographic operations, with particularly strong growth of 13% in Latin America and Asia Pacific. Revenue growth at Guy Carpenter was driven by its international operations. Consulting revenue increased 11% to $1.3 billion, resulting from increases of 11% in Mercer and 13% in Oliver Wyman. On an underlying basis, Consulting revenue increased 6% reflecting increases of 4% in Mercer and 9% in Oliver Wyman.
For the first nine months of 2011, Risk & Insurance Services revenue increased 11% from the same period in 2010, and 5% on an underlying basis. Consulting revenue increased 11%, resulting from an 11% increase at Mercer and a 12% increase at Oliver Wyman. On an underlying basis, Consulting revenue increased 6%, resulting from a 4% increase at Mercer and a 9% increase at Oliver Wyman.
Operating Expense
Consolidated operating expense in the third quarter of 2011 increased 9% from the same period in 2010. This reflects an increase slightly under 4% in underlying expenses, a 4% increase due to the impact of foreign exchange, and a 2% increase due to the impact of acquisitions. The increase in underlying expenses primarily reflects higher compensation and benefits costs, including increased pension costs, higher consulting costs, asset-based fees and expenses reimbursable from clients, partly offset by lower restructuring costs.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, operating expenses increased 3% from the same period in 2010. Expenses in 2010 included the net charge of $400 million related to the resolution of the ARMB litigation. Excluding the impact of this charge, expenses would have increased 9%, reflecting a 4% increase due to the impact of foreign exchange, a 2% increase due to the impact of acquisitions and a 3% increase in underlying expenses.
Restructuring
In the first nine months of 2011 the Company recorded total restructuring costs of $16 million, primarily related to severance and benefits, including approximately $5 million for cost reduction activities related to acquisitions. In the first nine months of 2010 the Company incurred restructuring costs of $87 million, primarily related to severance and benefits including approximately $34 million for cost reduction activities related to acquisitions.
Risk and Insurance Services
The results of operations for the Risk and Insurance Services segment are presented below:
 
  
Third Quarter
 
Nine Months
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Revenue
$
1,475

 
$
1,327

 
$
4,729

 
$
4,278

Compensation and Benefits
878

 
799

 
2,605

 
2,414

Other Expenses
411

 
386

 
1,199

 
1,117

Expense
1,289

 
1,185

 
3,804

 
3,531

Operating Income
$
186

 
$
142

 
$
925

 
$
747

Operating Income Margin
12.6
%
 
10.7
%
 
19.6
%
 
17.5
%
Revenue
Revenue in the Risk and Insurance Services segment in the third quarter of 2011 increased 11% to $1.5 billion, or 5% on an underlying basis compared with the same period in 2010.
In Marsh, revenue in the third quarter of 2011 was $1.2 billion, an increase of 12% from the same quarter of the prior year resulting from an increase of 6% in underlying revenue, 3% from the impact of foreign currency translation and 3% from acquisitions. The underlying revenue growth was across all major geographic markets with

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particularly strong growth in Latin America and Asia Pacific. Underlying revenue increased 3% in the U.S. / Canada, 13% in Latin America and Asia Pacific and 6% in EMEA. Marsh's new business increased 4%.
In January 2011, Marsh acquired RJF Agencies, an independent insurance agency in the upper Midwest region of the U.S. In February 2011, Marsh acquired Hampton Roads Bonding, a surety bonding agency for commercial, road, utility, maritime and government contractors in the state of Virginia, and the Boston office of Kinloch Consulting Group, Inc.
In the first quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired Haake Companies, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Midwest region and Thomas Rutherfoord, Inc., an insurance broking firm in the Southeast and mid-Atlantic regions of the U.S. In the second quarter of 2010, Marsh acquired HSBC Insurance Brokers Ltd., an international provider of risk intermediary and risk advisory services and the Bostonian Group Insurance Agency, Inc. and Bostonian Solutions, Inc. (collectively the “Bostonian Group”), a regional insurance brokerage in New England. In the fourth quarter of 2010 Marsh acquired Trion, a U.S. private benefits specialist and SBS, a Georgia-based benefits brokerage and consulting firm.
Guy Carpenter's revenue increased 8% to $251 million in the third quarter of 2011 compared with the same period in 2010, or 3% on an underlying basis, led by its international operations. The increase in underlying revenue reflects continued strong new business development and high client retentions.
Revenue in the Risk & Insurance Services segment increased 11% for the first nine months of 2011 compared with the same period of 2010, or 5% on an underlying basis.
Expense
Expenses in the Risk and Insurance Services segment increased 9% in the third quarter of 2011, compared with the same period in the prior year, reflecting a 4% increase related to the impact of foreign currency, a 2% increase from acquisitions and a 3% increase in underlying expenses. The increase in underlying expenses is primarily due to higher base salaries and incentive compensation costs, non-restructuring related severance costs and facilities and equipment costs, partly offset by lower restructuring and related costs.
Expenses for the nine-month period in 2011 increased 8% compared with prior year, reflecting an increase of 3% related to the impact of foreign currency, 4% increase from acquisitions and a 1% increase in underlying expenses.
Consulting
The results of operations for the Consulting segment are presented below:
 
  
Third Quarter
 
Nine Months
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Revenue
$
1,339

 
$
1,203

 
$
3,919

 
$
3,526

Compensation and Benefits
813

 
732

 
2,407

 
2,190

Other Expenses
365

 
333

 
1,071

 
1,357

Expense
1,178

 
1,065

 
3,478

 
3,547

Operating Income
$
161

 
$
138

 
$
441

 
$
(21
)
Operating Income Margin
12.0
%
 
11.5
%
 
11.3
%
 
N/A

Revenue
Consulting revenue in the third quarter of 2011 increased 11% compared with the same period in 2010, or 6% on an underlying basis. Mercer's revenue was $975 million in the third quarter of 2011, an increase of 11%. On an underlying basis, Mercer's revenue increased 4%. Within Mercer's consulting lines, revenue increased 5% on an underlying basis compared with the third quarter of 2010, reflecting increases of 7% in health and benefits and 13% in rewards, talent and communications, partly offset by a decrease of 2% in retirement. Within retirement, revenue growth in the U.K. was offset by declines in the other geographies. Health and benefits continued its growth driven by the U.S. and Canada. Rewards, talent & communications produced double digit revenue growth for the fifth consecutive quarter. Outsourcing revenue grew 11% or 1% on an underlying basis, with growth in Asia Pacific partially offset by a decline in the U.S. Investment consulting & management revenue increased 28% or 10% on an

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underlying basis, reflecting continuing growth, particularly in the U.S. and EMEA. Oliver Wyman's revenue increased 13% to $364 million in the third quarter of 2011, or 9% on an underlying basis, driven by growth in its financial services, health-care, consumer, and manufacturing & transportation industry sectors.
Consulting revenue in the first nine months of 2011 increased 11% compared with the same period in 2010, or 6% on an underlying basis, with underlying growth of 4% at Mercer and 9% at Oliver Wyman.
Expense
Consulting expenses increased 11% in the third quarter of 2011 compared with the same period in 2010, reflecting a 4% increase from the impact of foreign exchange rates, a 1% increase from acquisitions and a 5% increase in underlying expenses. The increase in underlying expenses is primarily due to higher base-salaries and incentive compensation and benefits costs, including higher pension costs, and higher asset-based fees.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2011, expenses decreased 2%. Excluding the impact of the $400 million charge in 2010 related to litigation, expenses increased 11% from the 2010 period reflecting a 4% increase from the impact of foreign exchange rates, a 2% increase from acquisitions and a 5% increase in underlying expenses.
Corporate and Other
With the disposition of Kroll in August 2010, along with previous divestiture transactions between 2008 and 2010, the Company has divested its entire Risk Consulting and Technology segment. As described in Note 1 to the consolidated financial statements, based on the terms and conditions of the divestitures of the CARG businesses in 2008, the Company determined it has “continuing involvement” in those businesses, as that term is used in SEC Staff Accounting Bulletin Topic 5e. Therefore, classification of the CARG businesses as discontinued operations is not appropriate, and their financial results in the current and prior periods are included in operating income. The run-off of the Company’s involvement in the CARG businesses is managed by the Company’s corporate departments, and consequently, the financial results of these businesses are included in “Corporate” for segment reporting purposes.
The following results of Corporate and Other includes the Corporate Advisory and Restructuring operations:
 
  
Third Quarter
 
 
Nine Months
 
(In millions of dollars)
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Corporate and Other:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Corporate Advisory and Restructuring Operating Income
$
1

 
$
3

 
$
6

 
$
7

Corporate Expense
(38
)
 
(44
)
 
(125
)
 
(119
)
Total Corporate and Other
$
(37
)
 
$
(41
)
 
$
(119
)
 
$
(112
)
Corporate expenses in the third quarter of 2011 were $38 million compared with $44 million in the prior year. The decrease is primarily due to lower consulting fees and restructuring costs.
Corporate expenses for the nine months of 2011 increased $6 million from 2010, primarily due to higher incentive compensation and pension costs primarily due to executive positions added in corporate and higher outside services costs related to corporate initiatives, such as branding, partly offset by lower restructuring costs.
The CARG amounts reflect payments received related to the CARG businesses divested in 2008.
Interest
Interest income earned on corporate funds amounted to $9 million in the third quarter of 2011 compared with $6 million in the third quarter of 2010. The increase in interest income is due to the combined effect of higher average invested funds in 2011 and slightly higher average interest rates compared with the prior year. Interest income increased $8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 compared with the prior year. Interest expense decreased $11 million and $31 million, respectively, in 2011 compared with the third quarter and nine month periods of 2010. The decrease is due to the maturity of $550 million of senior notes in the third quarter of 2010, the early extinguishment of a portion of the Company's outstanding notes during the third quarter of 2011, a lower net interest rate on the Company's debt subject to interest rate swaps and lower interest expense attributable to deferred

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purchase consideration related to acquisitions. These decreases are partly offset by interest on new senior notes issued during the third quarter of 2011.
Early Extinguishment of Debt
On July 15, 2011 the Company purchased a total of $600 million of the Outstanding Notes, $330 million of its 2014 Notes and $270 million of its 2015 Notes. The Company acquired the Notes at market value plus a tender premium, which exceeded its carrying value resulting in a charge of approximately $72 million in the third quarter of 2011.
Investment Income (Loss)
The Company recorded no net investment gains or losses in the third quarter of 2011. This compares with an investment loss of $2 million in the third quarter of 2010, primarily consisting of mark-to-market decreases on private equity investments.
For the first nine months of 2011, investment income was $13 million compared with $24 million in the prior year. This includes private equity gains recorded in both periods. The decrease in 2011 versus 2010 reflects the effects of recording an impairment loss in 2011 and a gain on the sale of equity securities in 2010.
Income Taxes
The Company's effective tax rate in the third quarter of 2011 was 32.8%. The rate reflects non-U.S. earnings subject to tax at rates below the U.S. statutory rate, partially offset by a deferred tax charge from re-measuring deferred tax assets for legislation that reduced tax rates in the U.K. The 30.4% effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2011 primarily reflects non-U.S. earnings subject to tax at rates below the U.S. statutory rate.
The Company reported an effective tax rate of 30.0% in continuing operations in the third quarter of 2010. The rate reflects non-U.S. earnings subject to tax at rates below the U.S. statutory rate and the recognition of uncertain tax benefits as a result of expiring statutes of limitations. This was partially offset by a deferred tax charge from re-measuring deferred tax assets for legislation that reduced tax rates in the U.K. The 20.8% effective tax rate for the first nine months of 2010 primarily reflects the benefit associated with the Alaska settlement recorded in the second quarter. This results from the deduction of the settlement from U.S. income, which has a relatively higher effective tax rate, combined with other pre-tax income that is subject to lower average effective tax rates applicable worldwide. Excluding the effect of the settlement, the effective tax rate for the first nine months was 29.6%.
Impacts on effective tax rates of recent years' accruals for severance, restructuring, and professional liability could not reasonably be estimated and therefore were reported in the interim periods in which they occurred. These factors resulted in highly variable effective tax rates that did not represent long term operating trends. Although we expect the effective tax rate to continue to be significantly variable, the degree of variation is expected to moderate with the anticipated decline in these items.
The effective tax rate is sensitive to the geographic mix and repatriation of the Company's earnings, which may result in higher or lower tax rates. U.S. federal and state corporate tax rates substantially exceed tax rates applicable outside the U.S. Over the past several years, the Company has experienced losses in its U.S. operations and has had significant earnings in its non-U.S. operations. In 2011 the forecasted pre-tax income in the U.K., Canada, Australia and Bermuda are expected to account for approximately 60% of the Company's total non-U.S. pre-tax income, with estimated effective rates in those countries of 27%, 28%, 30% and 0%, respectively. The U.K. effective tax rate excludes the deferred tax charge related to the tax legislation mentioned above. Consequently, continued improvement in the profitability of the Company's U.S.-based operations would tend to result in higher effective tax rates. Losses in certain jurisdictions cannot be offset by earnings from other operations, and may require valuation allowances affecting the rate, depending on estimates of the realizability of associated deferred tax assets. The tax rate is also sensitive to changes in unrecognized tax benefits, including the impact of settled tax audits and expired statutes of limitation.
Changes in tax laws or tax rulings may have a significant impact on our effective tax rate. For example, proposals for fundamental U.S. international tax reform, if enacted, could have a significant adverse impact on the effective tax rate while a reduction in the tax rate in a significant foreign jurisdiction could have a positive impact.
The Company reports a liability for unrecognized tax benefits resulting from uncertain tax positions taken or expected to be taken in the tax return. The Company's gross unrecognized tax benefits decreased from $199 million at December 31, 2010 to $154 million at September 30, 2011, primarily reflecting the effective settlement of

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issues on audit. It is reasonably possible that the total amount of unrecognized tax benefits will decrease between zero and approximately $80 million within the next twelve months due to settlement of audits and expiration of statutes of limitation.
Dispositions
In the first quarter of 2010, Kroll completed the sale of KLS. On August 3, 2010, the Company completed the sale of Kroll to Altegrity for cash consideration of $1.13 billion. The gain on the sale of Kroll and related tax benefits and the after-tax loss on the sale of KLS, including a tax provision of $36 million, along with Kroll’s and KLS’s 2010 comparative results of operations are included in discontinued operations in 2010.
Discontinued operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011 primarily relates to an insurance recovery for legal fees incurred at Putnam prior to its sale and a tax recovery under the indemnity related to the Putnam sale.
The Company's tax basis in its investment in the stock of Kroll at the time of sale exceeded the recorded amount primarily as a result of prior impairments of goodwill recognized for financial reporting, but not tax. Prior to the second quarter of 2010, a tax benefit was not recorded for this temporary difference because it was not apparent in the foreseeable future that it would reverse in a transaction that would result in a tax benefit. Since Kroll met the criteria for classification as a discontinued operation in the second quarter of 2010, the Company determined that it had the ability to carry back the capital loss realized against prior realized capital gains. Therefore, a $265 million deferred tax benefit was recorded in discontinued operations in the second quarter of 2010 to establish a deferred tax asset.
Summarized Statements of Income data for discontinued operations is as follows:

(In millions of dollars)
Three Months Ended
September 30,
 
Nine Months Ended
September 30,
2011

 
2010

 
2011

 
2010

Kroll Operations
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenue
$

 
$
56

 
$

 
$
381

Expense

 
52

 

 
345

Net operating income

 
4

 

 
36

Income tax

 
1

 

 
16

Income from Kroll operations, net of tax

 
3

 

 
20

Other discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(7
)
 

 
(7
)
Income (loss) from discontinued operations, net of tax

 
(4
)
 

 
13

Disposals of discontinued operations
3

 
35

 
11

 
42

Income tax (credit) expense
1

 
(12
)
 
(6
)
 
(237
)
Disposals of discontinued operations, net of tax
2

 
47

 
17

 
279

Discontinued operations, net of tax
$
2

 
$
43

 
$
17

 
$
292

Discontinued operations, net of tax per share
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
—Basic
$

 
$
0.07

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.53

—Diluted
$
0.01

 
$
0.08

 
$
0.03

 
$
0.53


 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
The Company is organized as a holding company, a legal entity separate and distinct from its operating subsidiaries. As a holding company without significant operations of its own, the Company is dependent upon dividends and other payments from its operating subsidiaries to meet its obligations for paying principal and interest on outstanding debt obligations, for paying dividends to stockholders and for corporate expenses. Further, the Company derives a significant portion of its revenue and operating profit from operating subsidiaries located outside of the United States. Funds from the Company’s operating subsidiaries located outside of the United States are regularly repatriated to the United States out of annual earnings. At December 31, 2010, the Company had

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approximately $1.2 billion of cash and cash equivalents in its foreign operations of which all but approximately $121 million is considered to be permanently invested in those operations to fund foreign investments and working capital needs. The Company expects to continue its practice of repatriating foreign funds out of annual earnings. The analysis of the portion of 2011 earnings that the Company expects to repatriate and the portion that will be permanently reinvested will be finalized later in the year as the amount of non-U.S. earnings and the Company’s cash requirements become more certain. While management does not foresee a need to repatriate the funds which are currently deemed permanently invested, if facts or circumstances change management could elect to repatriate them, if necessary, which could result in higher effective tax rates in the future.
Operating Cash Flows
The Company generated $995 million of cash from operations for the nine months ended September 30, 2011, compared with $50 million provided by operations for the same period in 2010. These amounts reflect the net income of the Company during those periods, excluding gains or losses from investments and from the disposition of businesses, adjusted for non-cash charges, and changes in working capital which relate primarily to the timing of payments of accrued liabilities or receipts of assets. Cash generated from the disposition of businesses is included in investing cash flows.
The Company received $322 million in cash refunds of U.S. federal income taxes during the second quarter of 2011, comprising $212 million from carrying back the net capital loss incurred in 2010 from the sale of Kroll and various other assets, and $110 million from the cash settlement of the IRS audit for the periods 2006 through 2008. The audit settlement primarily reflected the allowance of carry back claims for net operating losses and excess foreign tax credits arising in 2008. The impact on the tax provision of these events was reflected in prior periods and did not impact income tax expense reported during the quarter ended September 30, 2011.
Financing Cash Flows
Net cash used for financing activities was $891 million for the period ended September 30, 2011 compared with $931 million net cash used for the same period in 2010.
The Company paid dividends on its common shares of $358 million ($0.64 per share) during the first nine months of 2011, as compared with $333 million ($0.60 per share) during the first nine months of 2010.
On October 13, 2011, the Company and certain of its foreign subsidiaries entered into a $1.0 billion multi-currency five-year unsecured revolving credit facility, which replaced the $1.0 billion facility that was previously in place. The interest rate on this facility is based on libor plus a fixed margin which varies with the Company's credit ratings. The facility requires the Company to maintain certain coverage and leverage ratios which are tested quarterly. There were no borrowings outstanding under the prior facility at September 30, 2011.
In the second quarter of 2011, the Company acquired the remaining minority interest of a previously majority-owned entity for total cash consideration of $8 million.
In the first quarter of 2011 and 2010, the Company paid deferred purchase consideration of $13 million and $15 million, respectively, related to the purchase in 2009 of the minority interest of a previously controlled entity.
The Company's senior debt is currently rated Baa2 by Moody's and BBB- by Standard & Poor's. The Company's short-term debt is currently rated P-2 by Moody's and A-3 by Standard & Poor's. The Company carries a stable outlook from Moody's and negative outlook from Standard & Poor's.
On July 15, 2011, the Company purchased a total of $600 million of the Outstanding Notes comprised of $330 million of its 2014 Notes and $270 million of its 2015 Notes. The Company acquired the notes at fair value plus a tender premium, which exceeded its carrying value. A charge of approximately $72 million was recorded in the Consolidated Statement of Income in the third quarter of 2011 related to the extinguishment of this debt.
The Company used proceeds from the issuance of 4.80% ten-year $500 million senior notes in the third quarter of 2011 and cash on hand to fund the amounts associated with the tendered bonds.
During 2011, the Company repurchased approximately 12.2 million shares of its common stock for a total consideration of approximately $361 million at an average price per share of $29.44. The Company remains authorized to repurchase additional shares of its common stock up to a value of $553 million. There is no time limit on this authorization.
Investing Cash Flows

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Cash used for investing activities amounted to $273 million in the first nine months of 2011, compared with $817 million provided by investing activities during the same period in 2010.
The Company made seven acquisitions in the first nine months of 2011. Cash used for these acquisitions, net of cash acquired, was approximately $113 million. In addition, during the first nine months of 2011, the Company paid $19 million of deferred purchase and contingent consideration related to acquisitions made in prior years and $2 million for other intangible assets. Cash paid for acquisitions, net of cash acquired, in the first nine months of 2010 was $222 million. In addition, in the first nine months of 2010 the Company paid $21 million of deferred purchase consideration, $3 million for other intangible assets and $2 million of contingent purchase consideration related to acquisitions made in prior years. Remaining deferred cash payments of $184 million for acquisitions completed in the first nine months of 2011 and in prior years are recorded in accounts payable and accrued liabilities or other liabilities in the consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2011. Cash generated from the disposition of Kroll in August 2010 was $1.13 billion. Cash from the disposition of KLS was $110 million in the first quarter of 2010.
In August, Marsh signed an agreement to acquire the brokerage business of Alexander Forbes, which will significantly expand Marsh's presence in South Africa. The transaction is subject to regulatory and other approvals and is targeted for completion in the fourth quarter of 2011.
The Company's additions to fixed assets and capitalized software, which amounted to $205 million in the first nine months of 2011 compared with $193 million in the first nine months of 2010, primarily related to computer equipment purchases, the refurbishing and modernizing of office facilities and software development costs.
In October 2011, the Company committed to invest $50 million in a new private equity fund that invests primarily in financial services companies managed by a company unrelated to Stone Point Capital. In addition, the Company has commitments for potential future investments of approximately $80 million in connection with its investments in Trident II and other funds managed by Stone Point Capital. The majority of the Company's investment commitments for funds managed by Stone Point are related to Trident II, the investment period for which is now closed for new investments and follow-on investments. Any remaining capital calls for Trident II would relate to management fees or other partnership expenses, if necessary. Significant future capital calls related to Trident II are not expected. Although it is anticipated that Trident II will be harvesting its remaining portfolio, the timing of any portfolio company sales and capital distributions is unknown and not controlled by the Company.
Commitments and Obligations
The Company’s contractual obligations of the types identified in the table below were of the following amounts as of September 30, 2011 (dollars in millions):
 
  
Payment due by Period
Contractual Obligations
Total

 
Within
1 Year

 
1-3 Years

 
4-5 Years

 
After
5 Years

Current portion of long-term debt
$
260

 
$
260

 
$   —

 
$      —

 
$      —

Long-term debt
2,674

 

 
269

 
821

 
1,584

Interest on long-term debt
1,264

 
168

 
300

 
230

 
566

Net operating leases
2,321

 
341

 
549

 
420

 
1,011

Service agreements
339

 
98

 
96

 
69

 
76

Other long-term obligations
184

 
70

 
113

 
1

 

Total
$
7,042

 
$
937

 
$
1,327

 
$
1,541

 
$
3,237

The above does not include unrecognized tax benefits of $154 million, accounted for under ASC Topic No. 740, as the Company is unable to reasonably predict the timing of settlement of these liabilities, other than approximately $10 million that may become payable within one year. The above does not include liabilities established under ASC Topic No. 460 as the Company is unable to reasonably predict the timing of settlement of these liabilities. The above does not include pension liabilities of $871 million because the timing and amount of ultimate payment of such liability is dependent upon future events, including, but not limited to, future returns on plan assets, and changes in the discount rate used to measure the liabilities.
New Accounting Pronouncements

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Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements contains a discussion of recently issued accounting pronouncements and their impact or potential future impact on the Company’s financial results, if determinable.


Item 3.
Qualitative and Quantitative Disclosures About Market Risk
Market Risk and Credit Risk
Certain of the Company’s revenues, expenses, assets and liabilities are exposed to the impact of interest rate changes and fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates and equity markets.
Interest Rate Risk and Credit Risk
The Company has historically managed its net exposure to interest rate changes by utilizing a mixture of variable and fixed rate borrowings to finance the Company’s asset base. During 2007, virtually all of the Company’s variable rate borrowings were repaid. In February 2011, the Company entered into two 3.5-year interest rate swaps to hedge changes in the fair value of the first $250 million of its 5.375% senior notes due in 2014. Under the terms of the swaps, the counterparties will pay the Company a fixed rate of 5.375% and the Company will pay interest at a floating rate of three-month LIBOR plus a fixed spread of 3.726%. The swaps are designated as fair value hedging instruments and are deemed to be perfectly effective in accordance with applicable accounting guidance.
Interest income generated from the Company’s cash investments as well as invested fiduciary funds will vary with the general level of interest rates.
The Company had the following investments subject to variable interest rates:
 
(In millions of dollars)
September 30,
2011

Cash and cash equivalents invested in money market funds, certificates of deposit and time deposits
$
1,714

Fiduciary cash and investments
$
4,118

Based on the above balances, if short-term interest rates increased or decreased by 10%, or 14 basis points, over the course of the year, annual interest income, including interest earned on fiduciary funds, would increase or decrease by approximately $2 million.
In addition to interest rate risk, our cash investments and fiduciary fund investments are subject to potential loss of value due to counterparty credit risk. To minimize this risk, the Company and its subsidiaries invest pursuant to a Board approved investment policy. The policy mandates the preservation of principal and liquidity and requires broad diversification with counterparty limits assigned based primarily on credit rating and type of investment. The Company carefully monitors its cash and fiduciary fund investments and will further restrict the portfolio as appropriate to market conditions. The majority of cash and fiduciary fund investments are invested in short-term bank deposits and liquid money market funds.
Foreign Currency Risk
The translated values of revenue and expense from the Company’s international operations are subject to fluctuations due to changes in currency exchange rates. The non-U.S. based revenue that is exposed to foreign exchange fluctuations is approximately 55% of total revenue. We periodically use forward contracts and options to limit foreign currency exchange rate exposure on net income and cash flows for specific, clearly defined transactions arising in the ordinary course of business. Although the Company has significant revenue generated in foreign locations which is subject to foreign exchange rate fluctuations, in most cases both the foreign currency revenue and expenses are in the functional currency of the foreign location. As such, the U.S. dollar translation of both the revenues and expenses, as well as the potentially offsetting movements of various currencies against the U.S. dollar, generally tends to mitigate the impact on net operating income of foreign currency risk. The Company estimates that a 10% movement of major foreign currencies (Euro, Sterling, Australian dollar and Canadian dollar) in the same direction against the U.S. dollar that held constant over the course of the year would increase or decrease full year net operating income by approximately $60 million.


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Equity Price Risk
The Company holds investments in both public and private companies as well as certain private equity funds managed by Stone Point Capital. Publicly traded investments of $20 million are classified as available for sale. Non-publicly traded investments of $34 million are accounted for using the cost method and $123 million are accounted for using the equity method. The investments that are classified as available for sale or that are not publicly traded are subject to risk of changes in market value, which if determined to be other than temporary, could result in realized impairment losses. The Company periodically reviews the carrying value of such investments to determine if any valuation adjustments are appropriate under the applicable accounting pronouncements.
Other
A number of lawsuits and regulatory proceedings are pending. See Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this report.


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Part I – Item 4. Controls & Procedures
a. Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Based on their evaluation, as of the end of the period of this report, the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer have concluded the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934) are effective.
b. Changes in Internal Controls
There were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting that were identified in connection with the evaluation referred to under Part I – Item 4a above that occurred during the Company’s last fiscal quarter that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.

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PART II. OTHER INFORMATION
 
Item 1.
Legal Proceedings.
The information set forth in Note 16 to the consolidated financial statements provided in Part I of this report is incorporated herein by reference.
 
Item 1A.
Risk Factors.
The Company and its subsidiaries face a number of risks and uncertainties. In addition to the other information in this report and our other filings with the SEC, readers should consider carefully the risk factors discussed in Part I, “Item 1A. Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2010. If any of the risks described in our Annual Report on Form 10-K or such other risks actually occur, our business, results of operations or financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
 
Item 2.
Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds.
Issuer Repurchases of Equity Securities

The Company repurchased 4.4 million shares in the third quarter of 2011. In August 2011, Board of Directors of the Company authorized the share repurchase of an additional $500 million. Combined with the September 2010 authorization by the Company's Board of Directors to repurchase shares of its common stock up to a dollar value of $500 million, the Company's authorizations now total $1 billion.
The Company remains authorized to repurchase additional shares of its common stock up to a dollar value of approximately $553 million. There is no time limit on these authorizations.
 
Period
(a)
Total
Number of
Shares (or
Units)
Purchased

 
(b)
Average
Price
Paid per
Share
(or Unit)

 
(c)
Total Number of
Shares (or
Units)
Purchased as
Part of Publicly
Announced
Plans or
Programs

 
(d)
Maximum
Number (or
Approximate
Dollar Value) of
Shares (or
Units) that May
Yet Be
Purchased
Under the Plans
or Programs

July 1 - 31, 2011
__

 
__

 
__

 
$
179,099,861

August 1 - 31, 2011
3,500,463

 
$
28.15

 
3,500,463

 
$
580,548,954

September 1 - 30, 2011
940,994

 
$
28.76

 
940,994

 
$
553,488,567

Total Q3 2011
4,441,457

 
$
28.28

 
4,441,457

 
$
553,488,567



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Item 3.
Defaults Upon Senior Securities.
None.
 
Item 4.
Other Information.
None.
 
Item 5.
Exhibits.
See the Exhibit Index immediately following the signature page of this report, which is incorporated herein by reference.


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SIGNATURES
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
Date:
November 4, 2011
/s/ Vanessa A. Wittman
 
 
Vanessa A. Wittman
 
 
Executive Vice President & Chief Financial Officer
 
 
 
Date:
November 4, 2011
/s/ Robert J. Rapport
 
 
Robert J. Rapport
 
 
Senior Vice President & Controller
 
 
(Chief Accounting Officer)


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EXHIBIT INDEX
 
Exhibit No.
  
Exhibit Name
 
 
10.1
  
Form of 2011 Long-term Incentive Award granted on June 1, 2011 under the Marsh & McLennan Companies, Inc. 2011 Incentive and Stock Award Plan
 
 
12.1
  
Statement Re: Computation of Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
 
 
31.1
  
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Executive Officer
 
 
31.2
  
Rule 13a-14(a)/15d-14(a) Certification of Chief Financial Officer
 
 
32.1
  
Section 1350 Certifications
 
 
101.INS
  
XBRL Instance Document
 
 
101.SCH
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema
 
 
101.CAL
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase
 
 
101.DEF
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase
 
 
101.LAB
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase
 
 
101.PRE
  
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase


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