def14a
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE
COMMISSION
WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549
SCHEDULE 14A INFORMATION
PROXY STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 14(a)
OF THE
SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
Filed by the
Registrant þ
Filed by a Party other than the
Registrant o
Check the appropriate box:
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o Preliminary
Proxy Statement
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o Confidential,
for Use of the Commission Only (as permitted by
Rule 14a-6(e)(2))
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þ Definitive
Proxy Statement
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o Definitive
Additional Materials
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o Soliciting
Material Pursuant to Section 240.14a-12
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LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
(Name of Registrant as Specified In Its Charter)
(Name of Person(s) Filing Proxy Statement, if
other than the Registrant)
Payment of Filing Fee (Check the appropriate box):
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No fee required.
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Fee computed on table below per Exchange Act
Rules 14a-6(i)(1) and 0-11.
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(1) |
Title of each class of securities to which
transaction applies:
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Aggregate number of securities to which
transaction applies:
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Per unit price or other underlying value of
transaction computed pursuant to Exchange Act Rule 0-11
(set forth the amount on which the filing fee is calculated and
state how it was determined):
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(4) |
Proposed maximum aggregate value of transaction:
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Fee paid previously with preliminary materials.
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Check box if any part of the fee is offset as
provided by Exchange Act Rule 0-11(a)(2) and identify the
filing for which the offsetting fee was paid previously.
Identify the previous filing by registration statement number,
or the Form or Schedule and the date of its filing.
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(1) |
Amount Previously Paid:
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(2) |
Form, Schedule or Registration Statement No.:
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December 22, 2005
Dear Stockholder:
You are cordially invited to attend the annual meeting of the stockholders of Ligand
Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, to be held on Tuesday, January 31, 2006 at 9:00 a.m. local time at
the La Jolla Marriott located at 4240 La Jolla Village Drive, La Jolla, California 92037.
Details of the business to be conducted at the annual meeting are given in the attached notice
of annual meeting and proxy statement.
Your vote is important, so even if you plan to attend the meeting, I encourage you to sign,
date and return the enclosed proxy promptly in the accompanying reply envelope or, if you prefer,
you may vote by telephone or on the internet. This will ensure your vote is counted whether or not
you are able to attend. If you decide to attend the annual meeting and wish to change your proxy
vote, you may do so automatically by voting in person at the annual meeting.
We look forward to seeing you at the annual meeting.
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/s/ David E. Robinson |
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David E. Robinson |
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Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer |
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San Diego, California
YOUR VOTE IS IMPORTANT
In order to assure your representation at the meeting, you are requested to complete, sign and
date the enclosed proxy or vote by internet or telephone as described in the enclosed proxy
materials as promptly as possible. If you are voting by mail, please return it in the enclosed
envelope. You do not need to add postage if mailed in the United States.
NOTICE OF ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
TO BE HELD TUESDAY, JANUARY 31, 2006
Dear Stockholder:
The annual meeting of stockholders of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (the Company) will
be held at the La Jolla Marriott located at 4240 La Jolla Village Drive, La Jolla, California 92037
on January 31, 2006 at 9:00 a.m., for the following purposes:
1. To elect a Board of Directors for the following year. Management has nominated the
following persons for election at the meeting: David E. Robinson, Henry F. Blissenbach,
Alexander D. Cross, John Groom, Irving S. Johnson, John W. Kozarich, Daniel S. Loeb, Carl C.
Peck, Jeffrey R. Perry, Brigette Roberts and Michael A. Rocca.
2. To approve an amendment to the Companys 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, to increase the
number of shares of the Companys common stock authorized for issuance by 750,000 shares, from
8,325,529 to 9,075,529 shares.
3. To ratify the selection of BDO Seidman, LLP as independent registered accounting firm for
the fiscal year ending December 31, 2005.
4. To transact such other business as may properly come before the meeting or any
adjournment(s) thereof.
Stockholders of record at the close of business on December 15, 2005 will be entitled to vote
at the annual meeting. The stock transfer books of the Company will remain open between the record
date and the date of the meeting. A list of stockholders entitled to vote at the annual meeting
will be available for inspection at the offices of the Company and at the meeting. Whether or not
you plan to attend the annual meeting in person, please sign, date and return the enclosed proxy in
the envelope provided or, if you prefer, you may vote by telephone or on the internet. If you
attend the annual meeting and vote by ballot, your proxy will be revoked automatically and only
your vote at the annual meeting will be counted. The prompt return of your proxy will assist us in
preparing for the annual meeting.
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By Order of the Board of Directors
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/s/ Warner R. Broaddus
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Warner R. Broaddus |
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Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary |
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San Diego, California
December 22, 2005
Table of Contents
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Introduction
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LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
10275 Science Center Drive
San Diego, California 92121
PROXY STATEMENT
FOR THE ANNUAL MEETING OF STOCKHOLDERS
JANUARY 31, 2006
On behalf of the Board of Directors (the Board) of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, (the
Company), we are asking for your proxy, to be used at the annual meeting of stockholders to be
held on January 31, 2006. The annual meeting will be held at 9:00 a.m. at the La Jolla Marriott
located at 4240 La Jolla Village Drive, La Jolla, California 92037. Stockholders of record on
December 15, 2005 are entitled to notice of and to vote at the annual meeting. This proxy statement
and accompanying proxy materials will be first mailed to stockholders on or about December 22,
2005.
What is the purpose of the annual meeting?
At our annual meeting, stockholders will act on the items outlined in the Notice of Meeting
that is attached to this proxy statement. These include the election of directors, amending our
Stock Incentive Plan to increase the authorized share reserve and ratifying the appointment of our
independent registered public accounting firm. In addition, following the formal part of the
meeting, management will report on the performance of the Company and will respond to questions
from our stockholders. An annual report for the year ended December 31, 2004, is enclosed with this
proxy statement.
Who can vote at the meeting?
Only stockholders of record as of the close of business on the record date, December 15, 2005,
are entitled to vote the shares of stock they held on that date. Stockholders may vote in person or
by proxy (see How do I vote below). Each holder of shares of common stock is entitled to one vote
for each share of stock held on the proposals presented in this proxy statement. Our bylaws provide
that a majority of all of the shares of the stock entitled to vote, whether present in person or
represented by proxy, will be a quorum for the transaction of business at the meeting. As of the
record date, there were 74,131,283 shares of common stock outstanding and only shares of one class
of common stock outstanding.
All votes will be counted by an inspector of elections appointed for the meeting. The
inspector will count separately yes votes, no votes, abstentions and broker non-votes.
Abstentions and broker non-votes are counted as present when determining whether there is a
quorum to transact business. Abstentions will be counted as votes on the proposals discussed in
this proxy statement and will have the same effect as no votes. However, broker non-votes will
not be counted as votes on any of the proposals.
How do I vote?
By Proxy Card
If you complete and properly sign the enclosed proxy card and return it as instructed on the
card, it will be voted as you direct. If you are a registered stockholder and you attend the
meeting, you may deliver your completed proxy card in person. If you hold your shares in street
name through a brokerage or other nominee, you will need to obtain a proxy card from the
institution that holds your shares.
All shares represented by a proxy will be voted, and if a stockholder specifies a choice with
respect to any item to be acted upon, the shares will be voted in accordance with that choice. If
no choice is indicated on the proxy card, the shares will be voted in favor of the election of the
nominees for director contained in this proxy statement, and in favor of the two other proposals
specified in the attached Notice of the Meeting, and in the discretion of the proxy holders on any
other matter that comes before the meeting.
1
You may revoke your proxy at any time before it is voted. It may be revoked by sending a
notice of revocation or another signed proxy with a later date to the Secretary of the Company at
the Companys principal executive offices, 10275 Science Center Drive, San Diego, California 92121.
You may also revoke your proxy by attending the annual meeting and voting in person.
By Telephone or Internet
You may choose instead to vote by telephone or on the Internet. To vote by telephone or
Internet, please follow the instructions on the proxy materials enclosed with this proxy statement.
ITEMS TO BE VOTED ON AT THE MEETING
PROPOSAL NO. 1
ELECTION OF DIRECTORS
The persons named below have been nominated by management to serve as directors of the Company
until the next annual meeting of stockholders and until their successors have been elected and
qualified. Each person nominated for election has agreed to serve if elected. The proxies received
by the proxyholders will be voted for the nominees named below. The 11 candidates receiving the
highest number of affirmative votes of the shares entitled to vote at the annual meeting will be
elected directors of the Company. As of the date of this proxy statement, the Board of Directors is
not aware of any nominee who is unable to or will decline to serve as a director. If, however, any
of those named are unable to serve at the time of the annual meeting, the proxyholders will
exercise discretionary authority to vote for substitutes, subject to the Stockholders Agreement
described below.
Messrs. Loeb and Perry and Dr. Roberts (the Third Point Designees) were initially elected to
the board of directors on December 8, 2005 pursuant to a Stockholders Agreement the Company entered
into on December 2, 2005 with Third Point LLC and its affiliated entities. In addition, the
Stockholders Agreement provides that the Third Point Designees will be nominated and recommended
for election to the board of directors at this January 2006 meeting and that proxies would be
solicited in their favor in connection with such nomination and recommendation.
Nominees
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Year First |
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Name |
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Offices Held |
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Elected Director |
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Age* |
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David E. Robinson |
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Chairman, President, Chief
Executive Officer and Director |
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1991 |
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57 |
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Henry F. Blissenbach (A) (C) (N) |
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Director |
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1995 |
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63 |
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Alexander D. Cross, Ph.D. (A) |
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Director |
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1991 |
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73 |
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John Groom (C) (N) |
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Director |
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1995 |
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67 |
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Irving S. Johnson, Ph.D. (S) |
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Director |
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1989 |
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80 |
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John W. Kozarich, Ph.D. (S) |
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Director |
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2003 |
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56 |
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Daniel S. Loeb |
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Director |
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2005 |
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43 |
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Carl C. Peck, M.D. (S) |
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Director |
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1997 |
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63 |
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Jeffrey R. Perry |
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Director |
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2005 |
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45 |
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Brigette Roberts, M.D. |
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Director |
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2005 |
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30 |
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Michael A. Rocca (A) |
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Director |
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1999 |
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61 |
(A) |
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Member of the Audit Committee |
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(C) |
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Member of the Compensation Committee |
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(N) |
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Member of the Nominating Committee |
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Member of the Science and Technology Committee |
2
Business Experience of Director-Nominees
David E. Robinson has served as President, Chief Executive Officer and a Director since 1991.
Since May 1996, Mr. Robinson has also served as Chairman of the Board. Mr. Robinson was Chief
Operating Officer at Erbamont, a pharmaceutical company from 1987 to 1990. From 1984 to 1987 Mr.
Robinson was President of Adria Laboratories, Erbamonts North American subsidiary. Before joining
Erbamont he was employed in various executive positions for more than 10 years by Abbott
Laboratories, most recently as Regional Director of Abbott Europe. Mr. Robinson received his B.A.
in political science and history from MacQuaire University, Australia and his M.B.A. from the
University of New South Wales, Australia. Mr. Robinson is a Director of BIOCOM San Diego, the
Biotechnology Industry Organization and a private company.
Henry F. Blissenbach has served as a Director since May 1995 and currently serves as chair of
the Boards Compensation Committee and is a member of the Audit and Nominating Committees. Dr.
Blissenbach is currently President and Chief Executive Officer of Bioscrip, Inc., a publicly-held
specialty drug distribution and pharmacy benefit management company (Bioscrip), a position he has
held since March 2005. Mr. Blissenbach previously served as Chairman and Chief Executive Officer
and President and Chief Operating Officer of Chronimed, Inc. which he joined in May 1997.
Previously, Dr. Blissenbach served as President of Diversified Pharmaceutical Services, a division
of United Health Care, from 1992 to 1997 (now GlaxoSmithKline). He earned his Doctor of Pharmacy
(Pharm.D.) degree at the University of Minnesota, College of Pharmacy. He has held an academic
appointment in the College of Pharmacy, University of Minnesota, since 1981. Dr. Blissenbach
currently serves also as a director of a private company.
Alexander D. Cross, Ph.D. has served as a Director of Company since March 1991 and currently
serves as a member of the Boards Audit Committee. Dr. Cross has been an independent consultant in
the fields of pharmaceuticals and biotechnology since January 1986. Dr. Cross served as President
and Chief Executive Officer of Zoecon Corporation, a biotechnology company, from April 1983 to
December 1985, and Executive Vice President and Chief Operating Officer from 1979 to 1983. Dr.
Cross is a director of Nastech Pharmaceuticals, a publicly-owned company and two private companies.
Dr. Cross received his B.Sc., Ph.D. and D.Sc. degrees from the University of Nottingham, England,
and is a Fellow of the Royal Society of Chemistry.
John Groom has served as a Director since May 1995 and currently serves as chair of the
Boards Nominating Committee and is a member of the Compensation Committee. In 2001, Mr. Groom
retired as President and Chief Operating Officer of Elan Corporation, plc (Elan) having served in
that capacity since January 1997. Previously, he was President, Chief Executive Officer and a
Director of Athena Neurosciences, Inc. from 1987 until its acquisition by Elan in July 1996. From
1960 until 1985, Mr. Groom was employed by Smith Kline & French Laboratories (SK&F), a division
of SmithKline Beckman (now GlaxoSmithKline). He held a number of positions at SK&F including
President of SK&F International, Vice President, Europe, and Managing Director, United Kingdom. Mr.
Groom currently also serves on the Board of Directors of Amarin
Corporation, plc, a public comapny and is also a director of a private company. Mr.
Groom is a Fellow of the Association of Certified Accountants (UK).
Irving S. Johnson, Ph.D. has served as a Director since March 1989 and served as a member of
the Boards Compensation and Nominating Committees until March 2005. He currently serves as a
member of the Boards Science and Technology Committee and on the Scientific Advisory Board of the
Company. Dr. Johnson has been an independent consultant in biomedical research to, and has served
as director of, a number of companies since 1989 including service on a number of board committees,
including audit. Dr. Johnson has also advised both small and multinational pharmaceutical
companies, government and government organizations, institutes and venture capital groups. From
1953 until his retirement in November 1988, Dr. Johnson held various positions with Eli Lilly &
Company, a pharmaceutical company, most recently as Vice President of Research from 1973 until
1988. Dr. Johnson holds a Ph.D. in developmental biology from the University of Kansas and a B.S.
in chemistry from Washburn Municipal University.
John W. Kozarich, Ph.D. has served as a Director since March 2003 and currently serves as a
member of the Boards Science and Technology Committee. Dr. Kozarich is President, and Chief
Research & Development Officer and a Director of ActivX Biosciences, which he joined in January of
2001. ActivX is a privately held biotechnology company in La Jolla, California. From 1992 to 2001
Dr. Kozarich was vice president at Merck Research
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Laboratories, where he was responsible for a number of research programs. Dr. Kozarich is also
a biotechnology professor at the Scripps Research Institute, and previously held faculty positions
at the University of Maryland and Yale University School of Medicine. Dr. Kozarich earned his B.S.
in chemistry from Boston College, his Ph.D. in biological chemistry from the Massachusetts
Institute of Technology, and was an NIH postdoctoral fellow at Harvard.
Daniel S. Loeb has served as a director since December 2005. Mr. Loeb is Founder and CEO of
Third Point LLC, an investment management firm founded in 1995. Third Point invests both long and
short in securities involved in event driven and special situations. In 1994, prior to founding
Third Point, Mr. Loeb was Vice President of High Yield sales at Citigroup, and from 1991 to 1993,
he was Senior Vice President in the distressed debt department at Jefferies & Co. Mr. Loeb began
his career as an Associate in private equity at Warburg Pincus in 1984. Mr. Loeb is also Chairman
of the Board of American Restaurant Group and Director of Fulcrum Pharmaceuticals. Mr. Loeb
graduated with an A.B. in Economics from Columbia University.
Carl C. Peck, M.D. has served as a Director since May 1997 and currently serves as chair of
the Boards Science and Technology Committee. Dr. Peck has been Professor of Pharmacology and
Medicine and Director of the Center for Drug Development Science at Georgetown University Medical
Center since September 1994. Dr. Peck was Boerhaave Professor of Clinical Drug Research at Leiden
University from November 1993 to July 1995. From October 1987 to November 1993, Dr. Peck was
Director, Center for Drug Evaluation and Research of the FDA. He held a number of academic
positions prior to October 1987, including Professor of Medicine and Pharmacology, Uniformed
Services University, from 1982 to October 1987. Dr. Peck holds an M.D. and a B.S., both from the
University of Kansas, as well as an honorary doctorate from the University of Uppsala. Dr. Peck is
a director of two private companies.
Jeffrey R. Perry has served as a director since December 2005. Mr. Perry is Senior Advisor of
Third Point LLC. From September 2003 to January 2005, Mr. Perry was a partner at Kynikos
Associates, Ltd. From 2001 to 2003, Mr. Perry was a senior portfolio manager at SAC Capital
Advisors. From 1993 to 2001, Mr. Perry was a general partner and co-Director of Research at
Zweig-DiMenna Associates, a large New York-based hedge fund. In all, Mr. Perry has been employed in
the money management business for 23 years, the last 17 at senior levels at major hedge funds. He
graduated Magna Cum Laude from Georgetown University with a B.A. in American Studies.
Brigette Roberts, M.D. has served as a director since December 2005. Dr. Roberts currently
covers healthcare investments for Third Point LLC. Prior to joining Third Point in January 2005,
she ran a healthcare portfolio at DKR Capital from 2003 to 2004 and previously worked as an
associate healthcare analyst at Sturzas Medical Research in 2002 and Thomas Weisel Partners in
2001. Dr. Roberts graduated from Harvard University with a B.A. in Physics and Chemistry. She then
attended NYU Medical School, where she graduated with an M.D. and completed one year of general
surgical residency.
Michael A. Rocca has served as a Director since April 1999 and currently serves as chair of
the Boards Audit Committee. Mr. Rocca was an independent financial consultant from 2000 to 2004
when he retired. Previously he was Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of
Mallinckrodt, Inc., a global manufacturer and marketer of specialty medical products, a position he
held from April 1994 to October 2000. From 1966 until 1994, Mr. Rocca was employed by Honeywell,
Inc., a control technology company. He held a number of positions at Honeywell which included Vice
President and Treasurer, Vice President of Finance, Europe, and Vice President and Controller
International. Mr. Rocca currently serves on the board of directors of Lawson Software Inc., and
St. Jude Medical, Inc., both public companies. Mr. Rocca earned his BBA in accounting from the
University of Iowa.
Director Independence
The Board has determined that, with the exception of Mr. Robinson, Mr. Loeb, Mr. Perry and Dr.
Roberts each of the Board members is an independent director under the Nasdaq listing standards.
Please see Certain Relationships and Related Transactions below for a description of the
Stockholders Agreement under which the Company agreed to reimburse Third Point LLC and certain
Third Point affiliated entities for actual out-of-pocket costs up to $475,000. The independent
directors have two or more regularly scheduled executive sessions per year at which only the
independent directors are present.
4
Board Meetings and Committees
The Board of Directors of the Company held five meetings and two telephonic meetings and acted
by unanimous written consent once during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. During such year,
each director attended at least 75% of the aggregate number of meetings of the Board of Directors
and of the Board committees on which such director served which were held during the periods in
which he served. The Company does not have a policy regarding attendance of the directors at the
annual meeting. One director, Mr. Robinson, Chairman of the Board, attended the previous annual
meeting.
The Board has an Audit Committee, a Nominating Committee, a Compensation Committee and a
Science and Technology Committee. Each committee is described below. The Board has determined that
each member of these committees meets the applicable rules and regulations regarding independence
and that each member is free of any relationship that would interfere with his or her individual
exercise of independent judgment with regard to the Company.
The Audit Committee was established in March 1992 and is primarily responsible for overseeing
the Corporations accounting and financial reporting processes, auditing of financial statements,
systems of internal control, and financial compliance programs. This Committee currently consists
of Dr. Cross and Messrs. Blissenbach and Rocca, each of whom is independent as defined under Rule
4350 of the Nasdaq listing standards. The Audit Committee held seven meetings and five telephonic
meetings during 2004. The Audit Committee is governed by a written charter approved by the Board of
Directors, which was last amended in May 2004 and is attached as Appendix A. After reviewing the
qualifications of all current Committee members and any relationship they may have that might
affect their independence from the Company, the Board has determined that (i) all current Committee
members are independent as that concept is defined under Section 10A of the Exchange Act, (ii)
all current Committee members are independent as that concept is defined under the NASDAQ
National Market listing standards, (iii) all current Committee members have the ability to read and
understand financial statements and (iv) Michael A. Rocca qualifies as an audit committee
financial expert. The latter determination is based on a qualitative assessment of Mr. Roccas
level of knowledge and experience based on a number of factors, including his formal education and
experience, for example as a chief financial officer of a public company.
The Nominating Committee was established in December 2001 and is responsible for identifying
and recommending candidates for director of the Company. The Committee is governed by a written
charter which was adopted in 2003 and attached to the Companys proxy statement for the 2004 annual
meeting as Appendix B. In addition, a free copy of the Nominating Committee charter may be
requested by writing to: Investor Relations, Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, 10275 Science
Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121. The Committee is chaired by Mr. Groom and its current members
are Messrs. Blissenbach and Groom. Each member is an independent director under Rule 4200(a)(15) of
the Nasdaq listing standards. The Nominating Committee held two meetings during 2004.
The Nominating Committee considers nominees recommended by stockholders, if submitted in
writing to the Secretary at the Companys principal executive offices and accompanied by the
authors full name, current address and telephone number. The Committee received no 5% stockholder
nominations for this annual meeting. The Committee has set no specific minimum qualifications for
candidates it recommends, but considers each individuals qualifications, such as high personal
integrity and ethics, relevant expertise and professional experience, as a whole. The Committee
considers candidates throughout the year and makes recommendations as vacancies occur or the size
of the Board expands. Candidates are identified from a variety of sources including recommendations
by stockholders, current directors, management, and other parties and the Committee considers all
such candidates in the same manner, regardless of source. Under its charter the Committee may
retain a paid search firm to identify and recommend candidates but has not done so to date.
The Compensation Committee was established in March 1992 and reviews and approves the
Companys compensation policies, sets executive officers compensation and administers the
Companys stock option and stock purchase plans. This committee is chaired by Mr. Blissenbach and
currently consists of Messrs. Blissenbach and Groom. Each member is an independent director under
Rule 4200(a)(15) of the Nasdaq listing standards. The Compensation Committee held five meetings and
one telephonic meeting and acted by unanimous written consent once during 2004.
5
The Science & Technology Committee of the Board was established in March 2005 to review the
Companys overall research and development strategy, research and development projects, and to
advise the Board and the President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company regarding future
research and development efforts. The Committee is chaired by Dr. Peck and currently consists of
Drs. Peck, Johnson and Kozarich.
Communicating with the Board of Directors
Stockholders may communicate with the Board or individual directors by mail, in care of the
Secretary, at the Companys principal offices. Letters are distributed to the Board, or to any
individual director or directors as appropriate, depending on the contents of the letter. However,
items that are unrelated to the duties and responsibilities of the Board will be excluded. In
addition, material that is illegal, inappropriate or similarly unsuitable will be excluded. Any
letter that is filtered out under these standards, however, will be made available to any director
upon request.
Director Compensation
Non-employee Board members are paid fees for their Board service and are reimbursed for
expenses incurred in connection with such service. Each director receives an annual fee of $10,000,
plus $2,500 per day for each Board meeting attended, $1,000 per day for each committee meeting
attended on non-Board meeting dates and $500 per day for each Board or committee meeting in which
he participates by telephone. In addition, the Audit Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of
$15,000 and the Compensation Committee Chairman receives an annual fee of $2,500. Under a
commitment with Dr. Johnson, the Company also pays him $4,000 for each day of service as a member
of the Scientific Advisory Board or as a consultant to the Company. The Company also reimburses Dr.
Johnson for all reasonable and necessary travel and other incidental expense incurred in connection
with such duties.
Non-employee Board members are also eligible to participate in the Automatic Option Grant
Program in effect under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. At the 2004 annual meeting of stockholders,
each of Messrs. Blissenbach, Groom and Rocca and Drs. Cross, Johnson, Kozarich and Peck were
granted automatically an option to purchase 10,000 shares of common stock with an exercise price of
$17.16 per share, the fair market value per share of common stock on the date of their re-election
as a non-employee Board member. At their election to the Board on December 8, 2005, Messrs. Loeb
and Perry and Dr. Roberts each were granted automatically an option to purchase 20,000 shares of
common stock with an exercise price of $11.35 per share, the fair market value on that date.
Each of the options granted under the Automatic Option Grant Program becomes exercisable for
all the option shares upon completion of one year of Board service. Each option has a maximum term
of 10 years measured from the grant date, subject to earlier termination following the optionees
cessation of Board service. Each non-employee Board member re-elected at this annual meeting will
receive an option for 10,000 shares of common stock under the Automatic Option Grant Program of the
2002 Stock Incentive Plan, with the exception of Messrs. Loeb and Perry and Dr. Roberts, none of
whom will have served on the Board for six months as of the date of this annual meeting. For
further information concerning such automatic option grants to directors, please see Proposal 2,
Amendment of the 2002 Stock Incentive PlanAutomatic Option Grant Program below.
Non-employee directors continuing in office on January 1, 2005 were permitted to elect to
apply all or a portion of their 2005 cash fees to the acquisition of a special discounted stock
option under the Director Fee Option Grant Program of the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. On January 3,
2005, in connection with such election the directors listed below were each granted an option for
the number of shares shown. The numbers include each directors option grants under this program
for 2005.
6
2005 Director Fee Option Grants
|
|
|
|
|
Option |
Name |
|
Shares |
|
Henry F. Blissenbach |
|
2,009 |
|
|
|
Alexander D. Cross, Ph.D |
|
1,841 |
|
|
|
John Groom |
|
3,683 |
|
|
|
Irving S. Johnson, Ph.D |
|
1,841 |
|
|
|
John W. Kozarich, Ph.D |
|
3,683 |
|
|
|
Carl C. Peck, M.D |
|
1,841 |
Each option has an exercise price of $3.733 per share, one-third of the fair market value per
share of common stock on the grant date, which was $11.20. Accordingly, the fair market value of
those shares less the aggregate exercise price was equal to the cash fees for 2005 that such Board
member elected to apply to the grant. Each option becomes exercisable in a series of 12 successive
equal monthly installments upon the optionees completion of each month of Board service during the
2005 calendar year. Each option has a maximum term of 10 years measured from the grant date,
subject to earlier termination three years following the optionees cessation of Board service.
The Director Fee Option Grant Program (the Program) is implemented under the 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan for each calendar year until otherwise determined by the Compensation Committee. In
December 2005, the Compensation Committee suspended the Program for calendar year 2006 due to
requirements of state blue sky laws. The Program may resume upon
compliance with applicable laws and approval of the Compensation Committee.
The options granted in 2005 under the Program are subject to Section 409A of the Internal
Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, and the Treasury regulations thereunder (the Code). Each such
option that is outstanding on December 31, 2005 will be amended to provide that such option will be
either a) exercised on or before March 15, 2006 or b) automatically exercised upon the first to
occur of (1) the directors death or disability, (2) the directors separation from service with
the Company, within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, (3) a change in the ownership or
effective control of the Company, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the
Company, within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, or (4) January 2, 2015. All other terms
of such options will remain the same.
Under the Program, each non-employee Board member may elect, prior to the start of each
calendar year, to apply all or any portion of the annual fees otherwise payable in cash for his or
her period of service on the Board for that year to the acquisition of a special discounted option
grant. The option grant is a non-statutory option under the federal tax laws and is automatically
made on the first trading day in January in the calendar year for which the director fee election
is in effect. The option has a maximum term of 10 years measured from the grant date and an
exercise price per share equal to one-third of the fair market value of the option shares on such
date. The number of shares subject to each option is determined by dividing the amount of the
annual fees applied to the acquisition of that option by two-thirds of the fair market value per
share of common stock on the grant date. As a result, the total spread on the option (the fair
market value of the option shares on the grant date less the aggregate exercise price payable for
those shares) is equal to the portion of the annual fees applied to the acquisition of the option.
The dollar amount of the fee subject to the Board members election each year is equal to his or
her annual retainer fee, plus the number of regularly-scheduled Board meetings for that year
multiplied by the per Board meeting fee in effect for such year. Under the 2002 Stock Incentive
Plan, the current annual dollar amount of the fee that can be applied is $27,500 for each
non-employee director, plus $15,000 for the Audit Committee chair or $2,500 for the Compensation
Committee chair.
The Board has approved an amendment to the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan to bring the Program into
compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Such amendment will provide that the options granted
pursuant to the Program in
7
the future will be automatically exercised upon the first to occur of (1) the directors death
or disability, (2) the directors separation from service with the Company, within the meaning of
Section 409A of the Code, (3) a change in the ownership or effective control of the Company, or in
the ownership of a substantial portion of the assets of the Company, within the meaning of Section
409A of the Code, or (4) the tenth anniversary of the date of grant. All other terms of the
Program will remain in effect. Such amendment will be effective on the date the Program is
reinstated by the Compensation Committee. Non-employee Board members will elect, prior to December
31, 2005, whether to participate in the Program during 2006 in the event the Program is reinstated
during 2006.
The Board has also authorized the Companys management to prepare an amendment to the 2002
Plan to permit shares of the Companys common stock to be issued pursuant to the Stock Issuance
Program under the 2002 Plan in consideration of Board fees to be paid by the Company or any parent
or subsidiary to directors in a calendar year.
Recommendation of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors unanimously recommends a vote FOR the nominees listed above.
8
PROPOSAL NO. 2
AMENDMENT OF THE 2002 STOCK INCENTIVE PLAN
You are being asked to approve an amendment to the Companys 2002 Stock Incentive Plan (the
2002 Stock Incentive Plan or the 2002 Plan) that will increase the number of shares issuable
under the 2002 Plan by an additional 750,000 shares.
The share increase will ensure that the Company will have a sufficient reserve of common stock
to provide a comprehensive equity incentive program for the Companys officers, employees and
non-employee Board members to encourage these individuals to remain in the Companys service and to
more closely align their interests with those of the stockholders. The number of shares for which
options will be granted to each newly hired or continuing employee will be based on both
competitive market conditions and individual performance. As of December 15, 2005, approximately
4,300 shares remained available for future option grant or direct issuance. The additional
750,000 shares will be needed to permit the Company to operate its business as planned, including
hiring and retaining employees.
The following is a summary of the principal features of the 2002 Plan. The summary, however,
is not a complete description of all the provisions of the 2002 Plan. Copies of the actual plan
document may be obtained by any stockholder upon written request to the Corporate Secretary at the
Companys principal executive offices in San Diego, California.
Plan Structure
The 2002 Plan contains four separate equity programs:
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|
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the Discretionary Option Grant Program, |
|
|
|
|
the Automatic Option Grant Program, |
|
|
|
|
the Stock Issuance Program, and |
|
|
|
|
the Director Fee Option Grant Program. |
The principal features of these programs are described below. The 2002 Plan is administered by the
Compensation Committee of the Board. This committee has complete discretion, subject to the
provisions of the 2002 Plan, to authorize option grants and direct stock issuances under the 2002
Plan. However, the Board may also appoint a secondary committee of one or more Board members to
have separate but concurrent authority to make option grants and stock issuances under those
programs to all eligible individuals other than the Companys executive officers and non-employee
Board members. The term Plan Administrator, as used in this proxy statement, will mean either the
Compensation Committee or any secondary committee, to the extent each such entity is acting within
the scope of its duties under the 2002 Plan. The Plan Administrator does not exercise any
administrative discretion under the Automatic Option Grant or Director Fee Option Grant Program for
the non-employee Board members. All grants under those programs are made in strict compliance with
the express provisions of each such program.
Issuable Shares
Since its adoption, a total of 8,325,529 shares of common stock have been reserved for
issuance under the 2002 Plan (including shares transferred from the predecessor plan). As of
December 15, 2005, options for 7,055,739 shares of common stock were outstanding under the 2002
Plan, 4,307 shares remained available for future option grant or direct issuance, and
5,523,274 shares have been issued under the 2002 Plan. Under this proposal 750,000 new shares are
to be reserved for issuance under the 2002 Plan.
In no event may any one participant in the 2002 Plan receive options, separately exercisable
stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances for more than one million shares in any
calendar year. If an option expires or is
9
terminated for any reason before all its shares are exercised, the shares not exercised will
be available for subsequent option grants or stock issuances under the 2002 Plan. In addition,
unvested shares issued under the 2002 Plan and subsequently repurchased by the Company at a price
not greater than the original exercise price or issue price paid per share will be added back to
the number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the 2002 Plan. Accordingly, such
repurchased shares will be available for reissuance through one or more subsequent option grants or
direct stock issuances under the 2002 Plan. However, shares subject to any option surrendered or
canceled in accordance with the stock appreciation right provisions of the 2002 Plan will reduce on
a share-for-share basis the number of shares of common stock available for subsequent grants.
Should any change be made to the common stock issuable under the 2002 Plan by reason of any
stock split, stock dividend, recapitalization, combination of shares, exchange of shares or other
change affecting the outstanding common stock as a class without the Companys receipt of
consideration, then appropriate adjustments will be made to
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the maximum number and/or class of securities issuable under the 2002 Plan; |
|
|
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|
the number and/or class of securities for which any one person may be granted options,
separately exercisable stock appreciation rights and direct stock issuances per calendar
year under the 2002 Plan; |
|
|
|
|
the number and/or class of securities for which grants are to be made under the Automatic
Option Grant Program to new or continuing non-employee Board members; |
|
|
|
|
the number and/or class of securities and price per share in effect under each
outstanding option; and |
|
|
|
|
the number and/or class of securities and the exercise price per share in effect under
each outstanding option under the 2002 Plan. |
Such adjustments to the outstanding options will be effected in a manner which will preclude the
enlargement or dilution of rights and benefits under those options.
Eligibility
Officers and employees of the Company and its parent or subsidiaries, whether now existing or
subsequently established, non-employee members of the Board and consultants and independent
contractors of the Company and its parent and subsidiaries will be eligible to participate in the
2002 Plan.
As of December 15, 2005, approximately 513 employees and directors, including 10 executive
officers, and 10 non-employee Board members were eligible to participate in the Discretionary
Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs. All of the non-employee Board members were also eligible
to participate in the Automatic Option Grant Program and the Director Fee Option Grant Program.
Discretionary Grant Program
Grants
The Plan Administrator has complete discretion under the Discretionary Option Grant Program to
determine which eligible individuals are to receive option grants, the time or times when those
grants are to be made, the number of shares subject to each such grant, the status of any granted
option as either an incentive stock option or a non-statutory option under the federal tax laws,
the vesting schedule (if any) to be in effect for the option grant and the maximum term (up to 10
years) for which any granted option is to remain outstanding.
Price and Exercisability
Each granted option will have an exercise price per share not less than 100% of the fair
market value per share of common stock on the option grant date, and no granted option will have a
term in excess of 10 years. The shares subject to each option will generally become exercisable for
fully-vested shares in a series of installments over a
10
specified period of service measured from the grant date. However, one or more options may be
structured so that they are immediately exercisable for any or all of the option shares. The shares
acquired under such immediately-exercisable options will normally be unvested and subject to
repurchase by the Company.
The exercise price may be paid in cash or in shares of common stock. Outstanding options may
also be exercised through a same-day sale program pursuant to which a designated brokerage firm is
to effect an immediate sale of the shares purchased under the option and pay to the Company, out of
the sale proceeds available on the settlement date, sufficient funds to cover the exercise price
for the purchased shares plus all applicable withholding taxes.
No optionee has any stockholder rights with respect to the option shares until such optionee
has exercised the option and paid the exercise price for the purchased shares. Options are
generally not assignable or transferable other than by will or the laws of inheritance and, during
the optionees lifetime, the option may be exercised only by such optionee. However, the Plan
Administrator may allow non-statutory options to be transferred or assigned during the optionees
lifetime to one or more members of the optionees immediate family or to a trust established
exclusively for one or more such family members or to the optionees former spouse, to the extent
such transfer or assignment is in furtherance of the optionees estate plan or pursuant to a
domestic relations order. The optionee may also designate one or more beneficiaries to
automatically receive his or her outstanding options at death.
Termination of Service
Upon cessation of service, the optionee will have a limited period of time in which to
exercise his or her outstanding options for any shares in which the optionee is vested at that
time. The Plan Administrator has discretion to extend the period following the optionees cessation
of service during which his or her outstanding options may be exercised, up to the date of the
options expiration and/or to accelerate the exercisability or vesting of such options in whole or
in part.
Cancellation/Regrant
In April 2003, the Board amended the 2002 Plan to remove the cancellation and regrant
provision. Thus the 2002 Plan does not provide for the cancellation and regrant of outstanding
options.
Stock Issuance Program
Shares may be sold under the Stock Issuance Program at a price per share not less than their
fair market value, payable in cash. Shares may also be issued as a bonus for past services without
any cash outlay required of the recipient. Shares of common stock may also be issued under the
Stock Issuance Program pursuant to share right awards which entitle the recipients to receive those
shares upon the attainment of designated performance goals or completion of a specified service
period. The Plan Administrator has complete discretion under this program to determine which
eligible individuals are to receive such stock issuances or share right awards, the time or times
when such issuances or awards are to be made, the number of shares subject to each such issuance or
award and the vesting schedule to be in effect for the stock issuance or share rights award.
The shares issued may be fully and immediately vested upon issuance or may vest upon the
recipients completion of a designated service period or upon the Companys attainment of
pre-established performance goals. The Plan Administrator has, however, the discretionary authority
at any time to accelerate the vesting of any and all unvested shares outstanding under the Stock
Issuance Program.
Any unvested shares for which the requisite service requirement or performance objective is
not obtained must be surrendered to the Company for cancellation, and the participant will not have
any further stockholder rights with respect to those shares. The Company will, however, repay the
participant the lower of (i) the cash amount paid for the surrendered shares or (ii) the fair
market value of those shares at the time of the participants cessation of service.
Outstanding share right awards under the Stock Issuance Program will automatically terminate,
and no shares of common stock will actually be issued in satisfaction of those awards, if the
performance goals established for such awards are not attained. The Plan Administrator, however,
has the discretionary authority to issue shares of common
stock in satisfaction of one or more outstanding share right awards as to which the designated
performance goals are not attained.
11
The Board has authorized the Companys management to prepare an amendment to the 2002 Plan to
permit shares of the Companys common stock to be issued pursuant to the Stock Issuance Program
under the 2002 Plan in consideration of Board fees to be paid by the Company or any parent or
subsidiary to directors in a calendar year, subject to managements review of legal and regulatory
requirements related to such amendment.
Automatic Option Grant Program
Grants
Under the Automatic Option Grant Program, eligible non-employee Board members receive a series
of option grants over their period of Board service. Each individual who first becomes a
non-employee Board member at any time on or after the effective date receives an option grant for
20,000 shares of common stock on the date such individual joins the Board, provided such individual
has not been in the prior employ of the Company. In addition, on the date of each annual
stockholders meeting held after the effective date, each non-employee Board member who is to
continue to serve as a non-employee Board member (including individuals who joined the Board prior
to the effective date) is automatically granted an option to purchase 10,000 shares of common
stock, provided such individual has served on the Board for at least six months. There is no limit
on the number of such 10,000-share option grants any one eligible non-employee Board member may
receive over his or her period of continued Board service, and non-employee Board members who have
previously been in the Companys employ are eligible to receive one or more such annual option
grants over their period of Board service.
Option Terms
Each automatic grant has an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value per share
of common stock on the grant date and has a maximum term of 10 years. The shares subject to each
automatic option grant (whether the initial grant or an annual grant) fully vest and become
exercisable upon the completion of one year of Board service measured from the grant date.
Additionally, the shares subject to each automatic option grant immediately vest in full upon
certain changes in control or ownership of the Company or upon the optionees death or disability
while a Board member. Each option granted under the program remains exercisable for vested shares
until the earlier of (i) the expiration of the 10-year option term or (ii) the expiration of the
3-year period measured from the date of the optionees cessation of Board service.
Each of the non-employee directors elected at the 2005 annual meeting will each receive an
automatic option grant under the 2002 Plan, with the exception of Messrs. Loeb and Perry and Dr.
Roberts, none of whom will have served on the Board for six months as of the date of this annual
meeting. Those options will vest after completion of one year of Board service measured from this
annual meeting.
Director Fee Option Grant Program
The Director Fee Option Grant Program is implemented for each calendar year until otherwise
determined by the Plan Administrator. Under the Director Fee Option Grant Program, each
non-employee Board member may elect, prior to the start of each calendar year, to apply all or any
portion of the annual fees otherwise payable in cash for his or her period of service on the Board
for that year to the acquisition of a special discounted option grant. The option grant is a
non-statutory option under the federal tax laws and is automatically made on the first trading day
in January in the calendar year for which the director fee election is in effect. The option has a
maximum term of 10 years measured from the grant date and an exercise price per share equal to
one-third of the fair market value of the option shares on such date. The number of shares subject
to each option is determined by dividing the amount of the annual fees applied to the acquisition
of that option by two-thirds of the fair market value per share of common stock on the grant date.
As a result, the total spread on the option (the fair market value of the option shares on the
grant date less the aggregate exercise price payable for those shares) is equal to the portion of
the annual fees applied to the acquisition of the option. The dollar amount of the fee subject to
the Board members election each year is equal to his or her annual retainer fee, plus the number
of regularly-scheduled Board meetings for that year multiplied by the per Board meeting fee in
effect for such year. Under the 2002 Plan, the current annual dollar
amount of the fee that can be applied is $27,500 for each non-employee director, plus $15,000
for the Audit Committee chair or $2,500 for the Compensation Committee chair.
12
The option is exercisable in a series of 12 successive equal monthly installments upon the
optionees completion of each month of Board service in the calendar year for which the fee
election is in effect, subject to full and immediate acceleration upon certain changes in control
or ownership of the Company or upon the optionees death or disability while a Board member. Each
option granted under the program remains exercisable for vested shares until the earlier of (i) the
expiration of the 10-year option term or (ii) the expiration of the 3-year period measured from the
date of the optionees cessation of Board service.
The Director Fee Option Grant Program was suspended in December 2005 by the Compensation
Committee for calendar year 2006 due to restrictions on the grant of discounted options under state
blue sky laws. The Program may resume upon compliance with applicable
laws and approval of the Compensation Committee.
The Board has approved an amendment to the 2002 Plan to bring the Director Fee Option Grant
Program into compliance with Section 409A of the Code. Such amendment will provide that the
options granted pursuant to the Director Fee Option Grant Program will be automatically exercised
upon the first to occur of (1) the directors death or disability, (2) the directors separation
from service with the Company, within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, (3) a change in the
ownership or effective control of the Company, or in the ownership of a substantial portion of the
assets of the Company, within the meaning of Section 409A of the Code, or (4) the tenth anniversary
of the date of grant. All other terms of the Program will remain in effect. Such amendment will
be effective on the date the Director Fee Option Grant Program is reinstated by the Compensation
Committee. Non-employee Board members will elect, prior to December 31, 2005, whether to
participate in the Program during 2006 in the event the Director Fee Option Grant Program is
reinstated during 2006.
General Plan Provisions
Valuation
For all valuation purposes under the 2002 Plan, the fair market value per share of common
stock on any date is deemed equal to the closing selling price per share on that date. If there is
no reported selling price for such date, then the fair market value per share is the closing
selling price on the last preceding date for which such quotation exists. On December 15, 2005, the
closing selling price per share was $11.16.
Vesting Acceleration
In the event that the Company is acquired by merger or asset sale, each outstanding option
under the Discretionary Option Grant Program which is not to be assumed by the successor
corporation will automatically accelerate in full, and all unvested shares under the Discretionary
Option Grant and Stock Issuance Programs will immediately vest, except to the extent the Companys
repurchase rights with respect to those shares are to be assigned to the successor corporation. The
Plan Administrator has complete discretion to grant one or more options under the Discretionary
Option Grant Program which will become fully exercisable for all the option shares in the event
those options are assumed in the acquisition and the optionees service with the Company or the
acquiring entity is involuntarily terminated within a designated period (not to exceed 18 months)
following such acquisition. The vesting of outstanding shares under the Stock Issuance Program may
be accelerated upon similar terms and conditions. The Plan Administrator also has the authority to
grant options which will immediately vest upon an acquisition of the Company, whether or not those
options are assumed by the successor corporation.
The Plan Administrator is also authorized under the Discretionary Option Grant and Stock
Issuance Programs to grant options and to structure repurchase rights so that the shares subject to
those options or repurchase rights will immediately vest in connection with a change in ownership
or control of the Company (whether by successful tender offer for more than 50% of the outstanding
voting stock or by a change in the majority of the Board by reason of one or more contested
elections for Board membership). Such accelerated vesting may occur either at the time of such
change in ownership or control or upon the subsequent involuntary termination of the individuals
service within a designated period (not to exceed 18 months) following such change in ownership or
control.
13
The shares subject to each option under the Automatic Option Grant and Director Fee Option
Grant Programs immediately vest upon (i) an acquisition of the Company by merger or asset sale,
(ii) the successful completion of a tender offer for more than 50% of the Companys outstanding
voting stock or (iii) a change in the majority of the Board effected through one or more contested
elections for Board membership.
The acceleration of vesting in the event of a change in the ownership or control of the
Company may be seen as an anti-takeover provision and may have the effect of discouraging a merger
proposal, a takeover attempt or other efforts to gain control of the Company.
Stock Appreciation Rights
The Plan Administrator is authorized to issue two types of stock appreciation rights in
connection with option grants made under the Plan:
Tandem stock appreciation rights, which may be granted under the Discretionary Option Grant
Program, provide the holders with the right to surrender their options for an appreciation
distribution from the Company equal in amount to the excess of (a) the fair market value of the
vested shares of common stock subject to the surrendered option over (b) the aggregate exercise
price payable for those shares. Such appreciation distribution may, at the discretion of the Plan
Administrator, be made in cash or in shares of common stock.
Limited stock appreciation rights may be granted under the Discretionary Option Grant Program
to one or more officers of the Company as part of their option grants, and such rights will
automatically be included as part of each grant made under the Automatic Option Grant and Director
Fee Option Grant Programs. Options with such a limited stock appreciation right may be surrendered
to the Company upon the successful completion of a hostile tender offer for more than 50% of the
Companys outstanding voting stock. In return for the surrendered option, the optionee will be
entitled to a cash distribution from the Company in an amount per surrendered option share equal
to the excess of (a) the highest price per share of common stock paid in connection with the
tender offer over (b) the exercise price payable for such share.
Financial Assistance
In April 2003, the Board amended the 2002 Plan to remove the financial assistance provision.
Thus the 2002 Plan does not provide for loans or financing by the Company for the exercise of
options or the purchase of shares.
Special Tax Election
The Plan Administrator may provide one or more holders of options or unvested share issuances
under the 2002 Plan with the right to have the Company withhold a portion of the shares otherwise
issuable to such individuals in satisfaction of the withholding taxes to which such individuals may
become subject in connection with the exercise of those options or the vesting of those shares.
Alternatively, the Plan Administrator may allow such individuals to deliver previously acquired
shares of common stock in payment of such withholding tax liability.
Amendment and Termination
The Board may amend or modify the 2002 Plan at any time, subject to any required stockholder
approval pursuant to applicable laws and regulations. Unless sooner terminated by the Board, the
2002 Plan will terminate on the earlier of
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March 7, 2012 or |
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the termination of all outstanding options in connection with certain changes in control
or ownership of the Company. |
14
Stock & Option Awards to Officers & Directors
The table below shows, as to the Companys Chief Executive Officer, each of the other four
most highly-compensated executive officers of the Company (collectively, the Named Executive
Officers) and the various indicated individuals and groups, the number of shares of common stock
subject to options granted under the 2002 Plan between January 1, 2004 and December 15, 2005,
together with the weighted average exercise price payable per share.
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Weighted |
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Options Granted |
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Average Exercise |
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|
(Number of |
|
|
Price of Granted |
|
Name and Principal Position |
|
Shares) |
|
|
Options ($) |
|
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David E. Robinson |
|
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250,000 |
|
|
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11.5340 |
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Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer and
Director-Nominee |
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Giambattista Aliprandi |
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10,000 |
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20.7000 |
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Senior Vice President, Technical, Supply and International
Operations |
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James J. LItalien |
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30,000 |
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16.2167 |
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Senior Vice President, Regulatory & Compliance |
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Paul V. Maier |
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65,000 |
|
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13.4577 |
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Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
|
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Andres F. Negro-Vilar |
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65,000 |
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13.4577 |
|
Executive Vice President, Research and Development and Chief
Scientific Officer |
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Henry F. Blissenbach |
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13,516 |
|
|
|
13.8058 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
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Alexander D. Cross, Ph.D. |
|
|
11,841 |
|
|
|
15.0724 |
|
Director-Nominee |
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|
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John Groom |
|
|
16,446 |
|
|
|
12.1062 |
|
Director-Nominee |
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Irving S. Johnson |
|
|
11,841 |
|
|
|
15.0724 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
|
|
|
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John W. Kozarich, Ph.D. |
|
|
16,446 |
|
|
|
12.1062 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
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|
|
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|
Daniel S. Loeb |
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20,000 |
|
|
|
11.3500 |
|
Director-Nominee |
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|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carl C. Peck, M.D. |
|
|
14,604 |
|
|
|
13.1623 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey R. Perry |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
11.3500 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brigette
Roberts, M.D. |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
11.3500 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael A. Rocca |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
17.1600 |
|
Director-Nominee |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
All current directors who are not executive officers (10 persons) |
|
|
154,694 |
|
|
|
12.8419 |
|
All current executive officers as a group (10 persons) |
|
|
715,000 |
|
|
|
12.0130 |
|
All
employees who are not executive officers (595 persons) |
|
1,517,225 |
|
|
12.1456 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Mr. Aliprandi retired from the Company in April 2005. The total of options granted to
current executive officers excludes Mr. Aliprandi but includes Mr. Crouch who joined the
Company in May 2005. |
15
New Plan Benefits
No options have been granted, and no direct stock issuances have been made under the share
increase being proposed. Each of the non-employee Board members except Messrs. Loeb and Perry and
Dr. Roberts will, upon his re-election to the Board at this annual meeting, receive an option grant
under the 2002 Plans Automatic Option Grant Program for 10,000 shares of common stock, namely
Messrs. Blissenbach, Groom, and Rocca and Drs. Cross, Johnson, Kozarich and Peck. Messrs. Loeb and
Perry and Dr. Roberts are not eligible under the terms of the 2002 Plan to receive this annual
grant as they will not have served on the board for more than six months as of the date of this
annual meeting. Each option will have an exercise price per share equal to the fair market value
per share of common stock on the grant date.
Compensation Plans
We have two compensation plans approved by stockholders under which our equity securities are
authorized for issuance to employees or directors in exchange for goods or services: The 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan (effective May 16, 2002, as amended) which is the successor plan to the 1992 Stock
Option/Stock Issuance Plan; and The 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan (effective July 1, 2002, as
amended) which is the successor plan to the 1992 Employee Stock Purchase Plan.
The following table summarizes information about our equity compensation plans at December 31,
2004:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(c) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of securities |
|
|
|
(a) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
remaining available for future |
|
|
|
Number of securities to be |
|
|
(b) |
|
|
issuance under equity |
|
|
|
issued upon exercise of |
|
|
Weighted-average exercise |
|
|
compensation plans |
|
|
|
outstanding options, |
|
|
price of outstanding options, |
|
|
(excluding securities |
|
|
|
warrants and rights |
|
|
warrants and rights |
|
|
reflected in column (a)) |
|
|
Equity compensation plans approved |
|
|
6,714,069 |
|
|
$ |
12.1127 |
|
|
|
656,532 |
|
by holders security |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Equity compensation plans not
approved by security holders 2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
6,714,069 |
|
|
$ |
12.1127 |
|
|
|
656,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
1 |
|
At December 31, 2004, 452,577 and 203,955 shares were available under the 2002
Stock Incentive Plan and the 2002 Employee Stock Purchase Plan, respectively, for future grants of
stock options or sale of stock. |
|
2 |
|
At December 31, 2004 and through December 15, 2005, there are no equity
compensation plans (including individual equity compensation arrangements) not approved by the
Companys security holders. |
Federal Income Tax Consequences
Option Grants
Options granted under the 2002 Plan may be either incentive stock options which satisfy the
requirements of Section 422 of Code or non-statutory options which are not intended to meet such
requirements. The Federal income tax treatment for the two types of options differs as follows:
Incentive Options. The optionee recognizes no taxable income at the time of the option grant,
and no taxable income is generally recognized at the time the option is exercised. However, the
amount by which the fair market value (at the time of exercise) of the purchased shares exceeds the
exercise price will be included in the optionees income for purposes of the alternative minimum
tax. The optionee will, however, recognize taxable income in the year in which the purchased shares
are sold or otherwise made the subject of a taxable disposition. For Federal tax purposes,
dispositions are divided into two categories: (i) qualifying and (ii) disqualifying. A qualifying
disposition occurs if the sale or other disposition is made after the optionee has held the shares
for more than two years after the option grant date and more than one year after the exercise date.
If either of these two holding periods is not satisfied, then a disqualifying disposition will
result.
16
Upon a qualifying disposition, the optionee will recognize long-term capital gain in an amount
equal to the excess of (i) the amount realized upon the sale or other disposition of the purchased
shares over (ii) the exercise price paid for the shares. If there is a disqualifying disposition of
the shares, then the excess of (i) the lesser of the fair market value of those shares on the
exercise date or the sale date over (ii) the exercise price paid for the shares will be taxable as
ordinary income to the optionee. Any additional gain or loss recognized upon the disposition will
be recognized as a capital gain or loss by the optionee.
If the optionee makes a disqualifying disposition of the purchased shares, then the Company
will be entitled to an income tax deduction, for the taxable year in which such disposition occurs,
equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of such shares on the option exercise date or the
sale date, if less, over (ii) the exercise price paid for the shares. In no other instance will the
Company be allowed a deduction with respect to the optionees disposition of the purchased shares.
Non-Statutory Options. No taxable income is recognized by an optionee upon the grant of a
non-statutory option. The optionee will in general recognize ordinary income in the year in which
the option is exercised, equal to the excess of the fair market value of the purchased shares on
the exercise date over the exercise price paid for the shares, and the optionee will be required to
satisfy the tax withholding requirements applicable to such income.
If the shares acquired upon exercise of the non-statutory option are unvested and subject to
repurchase by the Company in the event of the optionees termination of service prior to vesting in
those shares, then the optionee will not recognize any taxable income at the time of exercise but
will have to report as ordinary income, as and when the Companys repurchase right lapses, an
amount equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of the shares on the date the repurchase
right lapses over (ii) the exercise price paid for the shares. The optionee may, however, elect
under Section 83(b) of the Internal Revenue Code to include as ordinary income in the year of
exercise of the option an amount equal to the excess of (i) the fair market value of the purchased
shares on the exercise date over (ii) the exercise price paid for such shares. If the Section 83(b)
election is made, the optionee will not recognize any additional income as and when the repurchase
right lapses.
The Company is entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income
recognized by the optionee with respect to the exercised non-statutory option. The deduction is in
general allowed for the taxable year of the Company in which such ordinary income is recognized by
the optionee.
Stock Appreciation Rights
No taxable income is recognized upon receipt of a stock appreciation right. The holder
recognizes ordinary income, in the year in which the stock appreciation right is exercised, in an
amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of the underlying shares of common stock on the
exercise date over the base price in effect for the exercised right, and the holder is required to
satisfy the tax withholding requirements applicable to such income.
The Company is entitled to an income tax deduction equal to the amount of ordinary income
recognized by the holder in connection with the exercise of the stock appreciation right. The
deduction generally is allowed for the taxable year in which such ordinary income is recognized.
Direct Stock Issuance
The tax principles applicable to direct stock issuances under the 2002 Plan are substantially
the same as those summarized above for the exercise of non-statutory option grants.
Deductibility of Executive Compensation
The Company believes that any compensation deemed paid by it in connection with disqualifying
dispositions of incentive stock option shares or exercises of non-statutory options under the
Discretionary Option Grant or Automatic Option Grant Programs qualifies as performance-based
compensation for purposes of Code Section 162(m) and does not have to be taken into account for
purposes of the $1 million limitation per covered individual on the deductibility of the
compensation paid to certain executive officers of the Company. Accordingly, all
17
compensation deemed paid with respect to those options remains deductible by the Company
without limitation under Code Section 162(m). Option grants under the Director Fee Option Grant
Program do not qualify as performance-based compensation, and any income tax deductions
attributable to the exercise of those options are subject to the $1 million limitation.
Section 409A. Section 409A of the Code, which was added by the American Jobs Creation Act of
2004, provides certain new requirements on non-qualified deferred compensation arrangements. These
include new requirements on an individuals election to defer compensation and the individuals
selection of the timing and form of distribution of the deferred compensation. Also, Section 409A
generally provides that distributions must be made on or following the occurrence of certain events
(i.e., the individuals separation from service, a predetermined date, or the individuals death).
Section 409A imposes restrictions on an individuals ability to change his or her distribution
timing or form after the compensation has been deferred. For certain individuals who are officers,
Section 409A requires that such individuals distribution commence no earlier than six months after
such officers separation from service.
Certain awards under the 2002 Plan may be subject to the requirements of Section 409A in form
and in operation. For example, stock options granted under the Director Fee Option Grant Program
once such program is reinstated will be subject to Section 409A.
If a 2002 Plan award is subject to and fails to satisfy the requirements of Section 409A, the
recipient of that award may recognize ordinary income on the amounts deferred under the award, to
the extent vested, which may be prior to when the compensation is actually or constructively
received. Also, if an award that is subject to Section 409A fails to comply, Section 409A imposes
an additional 20% federal income tax on compensation recognized as ordinary income, as well as
interest on such deferred compensation.
In December 2004 the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued its Statement of
Financial Accounting Standards No. 123R (revised 2004), Share-Based Payment. The accounting
standards established by that statement will require the expensing of all share-based payments to
employees, including stock option grants, commencing with our first quarter that begins January 1,
2006. Accordingly, the foregoing summary of the applicable accounting treatment for stock options
will change, effective with our 2006 first quarter, and the stock options that we grant to our
employees and non-employee board members will have to be valued as of the grant date under an
appropriate valuation formula, and that value will then have to be charged as a direct compensation
expense against our reported earnings ratably over the applicable vesting periods. Similar option
expensing will be required for any previously granted unvested options on January 1, 2006 effective
date, with the fair value of those unvested options as of their respective grant dates to be
expensed against our earnings ratably over the remaining vesting periods.
Stockholder Approval
The affirmative vote of a majority of the outstanding voting shares of the Company present or
represented by proxy and entitled to vote at the annual meeting is required for approval of the
amendment to the 2002 Plan. Should such stockholder approval not be obtained, then the 750,000
share increase to the share reserve will not be implemented and no options will be granted on the
basis of such increase. However, in the absence of such stockholder approval, the 2002 Plan will
continue to remain in effect, and option grants and direct stock issuances may continue to be made
pursuant to the provisions of the 2002 Plan in effect prior to the amendment summarized in this
proposal until the available reserve of common stock as last approved by the stockholders has been
issued pursuant to the exercise of options granted or direct stock issuances made under the 2002
Plan.
Recommendation of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors believes that the amendment of the 2002 Plan is necessary in order to
continue to provide equity incentives to attract and retain the services of high quality employees.
The Board of Directors unanimously recommends a vote FOR the amendment.
18
PROPOSAL NO. 3
RATIFICATION OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
You are being asked to ratify the selection of BDO Seidman, LLP as the Companys independent
registered public accounting firm for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2005. Neither the firm
nor any of its members has any relationship with the Company or any of its affiliates, except in
the firms capacity as the Companys independent registered public accounting firm.
Stockholder ratification of the selection of BDO Seidman, LLP as the Companys independent
registered public accounting firm is not required by Delaware law, the Companys certificate of
incorporation, the Companys bylaws, or otherwise. However, the Audit Committee is submitting the
selection of BDO Seidman, LLP to the stockholders for ratification as a matter of good corporate
practice. In the event the stockholders fail to ratify the selection, the Board of Directors will
reconsider its selection. Even if the selection is ratified, the Board of Directors or its Audit
Committee, in its discretion, may direct the appointment of a different independent auditing firm
at any time during the year if such a change would be in the Companys and its stockholders best
interests.
Representatives of BDO Seidman, LLP are expected to be present at the annual meeting, and will
have the opportunity to make a statement if they desire to do so and will be available to respond
to appropriate questions. The affirmative vote of the holders of a majority of the shares
represented and voting at the annual meeting will be required to ratify the selection of BDO
Seidman, LLP.
Change of Auditors
Deloitte & Touche LLP, certified public accountants, which had served as the Companys
principal independent auditors since October 31, 2000, resigned their engagement effective August
5, 2004. Auditors reports issued by Deloitte & Touche LLP on the Companys consolidated financial
statements for the Companys fiscal year ended December 31, 2003 contained no adverse opinion or
disclaimer of opinion, nor was modified as to uncertainty, audit scope, or accounting principles.
The Company was informed by Deloitte & Touche LLP that its action was not related to any
disagreements on matters of accounting principles or practices, financial statement disclosure or
auditing scope or procedures. During the fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, and the subsequent
interim periods preceding the resignation of Deloitte & Touche LLP, there were no disagreements
with Deloitte & Touche LLP on any matter of accounting principles or practices, financial statement
disclosure, or auditing scope or procedure, which, if not resolved to Deloitte & Touche LLPs
satisfaction, would have caused Deloitte & Touche LLP to make reference to the subject matter of
the disagreement in its reports on the consolidated financial statements for such years. No events
required to be reported under Item 304(a) (1) (v) of the SECs Regulation S-K occurred during the
Companys fiscal year ended December 31, 2003, or the subsequent interim periods preceding the
resignation of Deloitte & Touche LLP.
On September 27, 2004, the Company appointed BDO Seidman, LLP as its independent registered
public accounting firm to replace Deloitte & Touche LLP. The aggregate fees billed by BDO Seidman,
LLP for professional services rendered in 2004 are summarized in the following table:
Independent Auditors Fees
On September 27, 2004, the Company appointed BDO Seidman, LLP as its independent registered
public accounting firm to replace Deloitte & Touche LLP which resigned effective August 5, 2004.
The aggregate fees billed by BDO Seidman, LLP for professional services rendered in 2004 are
summarized in the following table:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2004 |
Audit fees (1)
|
|
$ |
575,883 |
|
Audit-related fees (2)
|
|
|
21,027 |
|
Tax fees (3)
|
|
|
37,681 |
|
All other fees
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
$ |
634,591 |
|
|
|
|
|
19
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Audit fees consist of fees for professional services rendered for the audit of the Companys
consolidated annual financial statements and review of the interim consolidated financial
statements included in quarterly reports and services that are normally provided in connection
with statutory and regulatory filings or engagements. In 2004, audit fees include fees for
professional services rendered for the audits of (i) managements assessment of the
effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and (ii) the effectiveness of
internal control over financial reporting. |
|
(2) |
|
Audit-related fees consist of fees billed for professional services that are reasonably
related to the performance of the audit or review of our consolidated financial statements but
are not reported under Audit Fees. Such fees include, among other things, employee benefit
plan audits and certain consultations concerning financial accounting and reporting standards. |
|
(3) |
|
Tax fees consist of fees for professional services rendered for assistance with federal,
state and international tax compliance. |
BDO Seidman, LLP also billed the Company approximately $1.5 million for professional services
rendered in connection with the re-audits of the Companys consolidated financial statements for
the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002.
In considering the nature of the services provided by BDO Seidman, LLP, the Audit Committee
determined that such services are compatible with the provision of independent audit services. The
Audit Committee discussed these services with BDO Seidman, LLP and Company management to determine
that they are permitted under the rules and regulation concerning auditor independence promulgated
by the U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission (the SEC) to implement the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of
2002, as well as the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants.
The services performed by BDO Seidman, LLP in 2004 were pre-approved in accordance with the
requirements of the Audit Committee Charter attached hereto as Appendix A.
Except as stated above, there were no other fees charged by BDO Seidman, LLP for 2004. The
Audit Committee considers the provision of these services to be compatible with maintaining the
independence of BDO Seidman, LLP. None of the fees paid to BDO Seidman, LLP under the categories
Audit-related fees, and Tax fees described above were approved by the Audit Committee after
services were rendered pursuant to the de minimus exception established by the SEC.
Recommendation of the Board of Directors
The Board of Directors unanimously recommends that the stockholders vote FOR the ratification of
the selection of BDO Seidman, LLP to serve as the Companys independent registered public
accounting firm for the year ending December 31, 2005.
20
STOCK OWNERSHIP
How much stock is held by Ligands directors, executive officers and largest stockholders?
The following table shows, based on information we have, the beneficial ownership of the
Companys common stock as of December 15, 2005, by
|
|
|
all persons who are beneficial owners of 5% or more of the Companys common stock, |
|
|
|
|
each director and nominee for director, |
|
|
|
|
the Named Executive Officers and |
|
|
|
|
all current directors and executive officers as a group. |
Unless otherwise indicated, each of the stockholders has sole voting and investment power with
respect to the shares beneficially owned, subject to community property laws, where applicable.
Percentage of ownership is based on 74,131,283 shares of common stock outstanding on December 15,
2005. Shares of common stock underlying options and convertible notes includes options which are
currently exercisable or will become exercisable and convertible notes which are currently
convertible or will become convertible within 60 days after December 15, 2005, are deemed
outstanding for computing the percentage of the person or group holding such options, but are not
deemed outstanding for computing the percentage of any other person or group. The address for
individuals for whom an address is not otherwise indicated is 10275 Science Center Drive, San
Diego, CA 92121.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially |
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
Owned via Options, |
|
|
|
|
Beneficially |
|
Warrants or |
|
Percent of |
Beneficial Owner |
|
Owned |
|
Convertible Notes |
|
Class Owned |
Third Point LLC(1)
390 Park Avenue
New York, NY 10022 |
|
|
7,375,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.95 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Dorset Management/David M. Knott(2)
485 Underhill Blvd., Ste. 205
Syosset, NY 11791-3419 |
|
|
7,261,662 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.80 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Orbimed Advisors LLC(3)
767 Third Avenue, 30th Floor
New York, NY 10017 |
|
|
6,384,824 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8.61 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Vanguard Horizon Funds(4)
P.O. Box 2600
V26
Valley Forge, PA 19482 |
|
|
5,220,900 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
7.04 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Barclays Global Investors NA(5)
45 Fremont St., 17th Floor
San Francisco, CA 94105 |
|
|
4,719,605 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
6.37 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Janus Capital Management LLC(6)
100 Fillmore Street
2nd Floor
Denver, CO 80206-4923 |
|
|
4,418,275 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.96 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Table continued on next page.) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
21
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares Beneficially |
|
|
|
|
Number of Shares |
|
Owned via Options, |
|
|
|
|
Beneficially |
|
Warrants or |
|
Percent of |
Beneficial Owner |
|
Owned |
|
Convertible Notes |
|
Class Owned |
Maverick Capital Ltd. (7)
300 Crescent Court, 18th Floor
Dallas, TX 75201 |
|
|
3,761,431 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.07 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Harvest Management LLC(8)
600 Madison Ave
New York, NY 10022 |
|
|
3,960,638 |
|
|
|
1,052,938 |
|
|
|
5.27 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Glenview Capital Management(9)
399 Park Avenue, Floor 39
New York, NY 10022 |
|
|
3,704,800 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.00 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Henry F. Blissenbach |
|
|
101,241 |
|
|
|
96,241 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alexander D. Cross |
|
|
128,491 |
|
|
|
91,847 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John Groom |
|
|
121,259 |
|
|
|
105,022 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Irving S. Johnson |
|
|
111,006 |
|
|
|
88,077 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
John W. Kozarich |
|
|
41,446 |
|
|
|
36,446 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Daniel S. Loeb(1) |
|
|
7,375,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.95 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Carl C. Peck |
|
|
109,181 |
|
|
|
103,181 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeffrey R. Perry(1) |
|
|
7,375,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.95 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Brigette Roberts, M.D.(1) |
|
|
7,375,000 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
9.95 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Michael A. Rocca |
|
|
82,799 |
|
|
|
74,799 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
David E. Robinson |
|
|
1,321,821 |
|
|
|
909,896 |
|
|
|
1.76 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Giambattista Aliprandi |
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
170,000 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James J. LItalien |
|
|
100,645 |
|
|
|
100,645 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul V. Maier |
|
|
431,866 |
|
|
|
332,143 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andres F. Negro-Vilar |
|
|
394,775 |
|
|
|
387,542 |
|
|
|
* |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Directors and executive officers as a group (20 persons) |
|
|
10,894,362 |
|
|
|
2,887,996 |
|
|
|
14.14 |
% |
|
|
|
* |
|
Less than 1% |
|
|
|
Mr. Aliprandi retired from the Company in April 2005. The total ownership for current
executive officers excludes Mr. Aliprandi but includes Mr. Crouch who joined the Company in
May 2005. |
(Footnotes continued on next page.)
22
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13D/A filed December 2, 2005 by Third Point LLC which reported shared
voting and dispositive power over 7,375,000 shares. On December 8, 2005, upon their election
to the board of directors of the Company, each of Messrs. Loeb and Perry and Dr. Roberts were
granted automatically an option to purchase 20,000 shares of common stock with an exercise
price of $11.35 per share, the fair market value on that date. The options to purchase such
shares shall become fully vested and exercisable upon Messrs. Loeb and Perry and Dr. Roberts
completion of a one-year period of continued service on the Board of Directors measured from
the grant date, December 8, 2005. |
|
(2) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G/A filed December 2, 2005 by David M. Knott which reported sole
voting power over 6,273,956 shares, shared voting power over 882,074 shares, sole dispositive
power over 6,780,077 shares and shared dispositive power over 481,585 shares. |
|
(3) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G/A filed February 14, 2005 by Orbimed Advisors LLC which reported
shared voting and dispositive power over 6,384,824 shares. |
|
(4) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed February 11, 2005 by Vanguard Horizon Funds which reported
sole voting power over 5,220,900 shares. |
|
(5) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed February 14, 2005 by Barclays Global Investors NA, which
reported group aggregate sole voting power over 4,427,746 shares and dispositive power over
4,719,605 shares. |
|
(6) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed February 15, 2005 by Janus Capital Management LLC, which
reported sole voting and dispositive power over 4,418,275 shares. |
|
(7) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed February 14, 2005 by Maverick Capital Ltd. which reported
shared voting and dispositive power over 3,761,431 shares. |
|
(8) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed December 6, 2005 by Harvest Management LLC, which reported
shared voting and dispositive power over 2,907,700 shares of Common Stock and 1,052,938 shares
of common stock underlying convertible notes. |
|
(9) |
|
Pursuant to a Schedule 13G filed September 9, 2005 by Glenview Capital Management LLC, which
reported share voting and dispositive power over 3,704,800 shares. |
23
EXECUTIVE OFFICERS
The executive officers of the Company as of December 15, 2005 were:
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Age |
|
Position |
David E. Robinson |
|
57 |
|
Chairman of the Board, President, Chief Executive Officer and Director |
|
|
|
|
|
Andres F. Negro-Vilar, M.D., Ph.D. |
|
65 |
|
Executive Vice President, Research and Development and Chief Scientific Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
Taylor J. Crouch |
|
46 |
|
Senior Vice President, Technical & Supply Operations and President, International |
|
|
|
|
|
James J. LItalien, Ph.D. |
|
53 |
|
Senior Vice President, Regulatory Affairs and Compliance |
|
|
|
|
|
Paul V. Maier |
|
58 |
|
Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
William A. Pettit |
|
56 |
|
Senior Vice President, Human Resources and Administration |
|
|
|
|
|
Warner R. Broaddus |
|
42 |
|
Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary |
|
|
|
|
|
Eric S. Groves, M.D., Ph.D. |
|
63 |
|
Vice President, Project Management |
|
|
|
|
|
Martin D. Meglasson, Ph.D. |
|
55 |
|
Vice President, Discovery Research |
|
|
|
|
|
Tod G. Mertes |
|
41 |
|
Vice President, Controller and Treasurer |
David E. Robinson is being considered for the position of director of the Company. See
Election of Directors for a discussion of Mr. Robinsons business experience.
Andres F. Negro-Vilar, M.D., Ph.D. joined the Company in September 1996 as Senior Vice
President, Research, and Chief Scientific Officer, became Senior Vice President, Research and
Development and Chief Scientific Officer in December 1999 and was elected Executive Vice President,
Research and Development and Chief Scientific Officer in May 2003. Prior to joining the Company,
Dr. Negro-Vilar was Vice President of Research and Head of the Womens Health Research Institute
for Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories from 1993 to 1996. From 1983 to 1993, Dr. Negro-Vilar served at the
National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences of the National Institutes of Health as the
Director of Clinical Programs and Chief of the Laboratory of Molecular and Integrative
Neurosciences. Dr. Negro-Vilar received an M.D. from the University of Buenos Aires, Argentina, a
Ph.D. in physiology from the University of Sao Paulo, Brazil, and a B.S. in science from Belgrano
College.
Taylor J. Crouch joined Ligand in May 2005 as Senior Vice President, Operations and President,
International and was elected an officer of the Company in July 2005. Prior to joining Ligand, he
was President and Chief Operating Officer of Discovery Partners, Inc., a provider of drug discovery
technologies, products and services from July 2002 to January 2005. From March 1999 to April 2002,
Mr. Crouch was President and Chief Executive Officer at Variagenics, Inc., a pharmacogenomics firm.
From January 1991 to March 1999, Mr. Crouch served as Senior Vice President of PAREXEL
International Corporation, a contract research organization. Prior to that, he held various
positions over eight years with Schering-Plough International and Pfizer. Mr. Crouch received his
B.S. in chemical engineering, cum laude, from Princeton University and his M.B.A. in international
finance and marketing from The University of Chicago. He is also a director of Bruker BioSciences
Corp, a public life sciences company.
James J. LItalien, Ph.D. joined the Company in June 2002 as Senior Vice President, Regulatory
Affairs and Compliance. Prior to joining Ligand, Dr. LItalien was Vice President, Global
Regulatory Affairs at Baxter BioScience, a division of Baxter Healthcare Corporation. From 1994 to
1998, he served at Amylin Pharmaceuticals, Inc. as Senior Director and then as Vice President,
Pharmaceutical Development. Dr. LItalien also has served as Director, Quality and Technical
Affairs at Ortho Biotech, a Johnson & Johnson Company (1991 to 1994) and as Associate Director,
Analytical Development at SmithKline Beecham (1987 to 1991). Dr. LItalien received his Ph.D. in
protein biochemistry from Boston University and a B.S. in chemistry from Merrimack College.
24
Paul V. Maier joined the Company in October 1992 as Vice President, Chief Financial Officer
and became Senior Vice President, Chief Financial Officer in November 1996. Prior to joining the
Company, Mr. Maier served as Vice President, Finance at DFS West, a division of DFS Group, L.P., a
private multinational retailer from October 1990 to October 1992. From February 1990 to October
1990, Mr. Maier served as Vice President and Treasurer of ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a
pharmaceutical and biotechnology research products company. Mr. Maier held various positions in
finance and administration at SPI Pharmaceuticals, Inc., a publicly held subsidiary of ICN
Pharmaceuticals Group, from 1984 to 1988, including Vice President, Finance from February 1984 to
February 1987. Mr. Maier received an M.B.A. from Harvard Graduate School of Business and a B.S.
from Pennsylvania State University.
William A. Pettit joined the Company in November 1996 as Senior Vice President, Human
Resources and Administration. Prior to joining the Company, Mr. Pettit was Senior Vice President,
Human Resources at Pharmacia & Upjohn, Inc., a global pharmaceutical and healthcare company, where
he was employed from 1986 to 1996. From 1984 to 1986, Mr. Pettit served as Corporate Director,
Human Resources at Browning Ferris Industries, a waste services company. From 1975 to 1984, Mr.
Pettit served in various positions at Bristol-Myers Company, now Bristol-Myers Squibb Company,
including Director, Human Resources. Mr. Pettit received a B.A. in English from Amherst College.
Warner R. Broaddus joined Ligand in November 2001 as Vice President, General Counsel &
Secretary. Prior to joining Ligand, Mr. Broaddus served as General Counsel and Secretary of
Invitrogen Corporation, a biotechnology reagents & equipment maker, where he was employed from
October 1994 to November 2000. In that capacity he had overall responsibility for the companys
legal affairs, including intellectual property, securities and corporate governance. From 1986 to
1990, Mr. Broaddus was an analyst for Morgan Stanley & Co. and UBS Securities, Inc. (now UBS
Warburg). Mr. Broaddus holds a J.D. from the University of San Diego and a B.S. from the University
of Virginia.
Eric S. Groves, M.D., Ph.D. joined Ligand in August 1999 as Vice President, Project
Management. From 1994 until joining Ligand, Dr. Groves held a number of positions at Sanofi
Pharmaceuticals, most recently as Vice President, Project Direction where he was responsible for
the worldwide strategy of and project direction for late-stage Sanofi oncology projects. From May
1991 through October 1994, Dr. Groves had served as Senior Project Director for the research
division of Sterling Winthrop Corporation, and served as acting Vice President, Discovery and
Clinical Research, Immunoconjugate Division. He was Director, Clinical Research and Development at
CETUS Corporation from 1989 through 1991. Dr. Groves received his B.S. degree from Massachusetts
Institute of Technology and his Ph.D. in physics from the University of Pennsylvania. He earned his
M.D. at the University of Miami and completed an oncology fellowship at the National Cancer
Institute.
Martin D. Meglasson, Ph.D. joined the Company in February 2004 as Vice President, Discovery
Research. Prior to joining the Company, Dr. Meglasson was Director of Preclinical Pharmacology and
the functional leader for research into urology, sexual dysfunction, and neurological diseases at
Pharmacia, Inc. from 1998 to 2003. From 1996 to 1998, Dr. Meglasson served as Director of Endocrine
and Metabolic Research and functional leader for diabetes and obesity research at Pharmacia &
Upjohn. From 1988 to 1996, he was a researcher in the fields of diabetes and obesity at The Upjohn
Co. and Assistant Professor, then Adjunct Associate Professor of Pharmacology at the University of
Pennsylvania School of Medicine. Dr. Meglasson received his Ph.D. in pharmacology from the
University of Houston.
Tod G. Mertes, CPA joined Ligand in May 2001 as Director of Finance and was elected Vice
President, Controller and Treasurer of the Company in May 2003. Prior to joining Ligand, Mr. Mertes
was Chief Financial Officer at Combio Corporation and prior to Combio spent 12 years with
PricewaterhouseCoopers in San Diego, California and Paris, France, most recently as an audit senior
manager. Combio subsequently terminated its operations and filed a petition for bankruptcy in 2001.
Mr. Mertes is a Certified Public Accountant and received a B.S. in business administration from
California Polytechnic State University at San Luis Obispo.
25
Code of Conduct
The Board of Directors has adopted a Code of Conduct and Ethics Policy (Code of Conduct)
that applies to all officers, directors and employees. The Company will promptly disclose any material amendment
or waiver to the Code of Conduct which affects any corporate officer. The Code of Conduct was filed
with the SEC as an exhibit to our report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003, and can
be accessed via our website (http://www.ligand.com), Corporate Overview page. You may also request
a free copy by writing to: Investor Relations, Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated, 10275 Science
Center Drive, San Diego, CA 92121.
EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION AND OTHER INFORMATION
How are the senior executives compensated?
The following table summarizes the compensation earned by the Named Executive Officers, i.e.
the Chief Executive and the next four most highly-compensated executive officers during fiscal
2004, for services rendered in all capacities to the Company and its subsidiaries for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002:
SUMMARY COMPENSATION TABLE
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long-Term |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Compensation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Awards |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Securities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Compensation |
|
Underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other Annual |
|
Options/ |
|
All Other |
Name and Principal Position |
|
Year |
|
Salary($) (1) |
|
Bonus($) |
|
Compensation ($) (2) |
|
SARs(#) |
|
Compensation($) (3) |
David E. Robinson |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
643,333 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
188,049 |
|
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
Chairman of the Board, |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
623,333 |
|
|
|
250,000 |
|
|
|
334,966 |
|
|
|
175,000 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
President and CEO |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
600,000 |
|
|
|
50,000 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
100,000 |
|
|
|
1,242 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Andres F. Negro-Vilar |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
423,800 |
|
|
|
70,000 |
|
|
|
142,987 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
3,564 |
|
Executive Vice President, |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
407,500 |
|
|
|
91,750 |
|
|
|
211,352 |
|
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
|
3,564 |
|
Research and Development |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
382,500 |
|
|
|
75,700 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
3,564 |
|
and Chief Scientific Officer |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Giambattista Aliprandi(4) |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
278,250 |
|
|
|
48,000 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
3,564 |
|
Senior Vice President, |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
240,375 |
|
|
|
73,000 |
|
|
|
4,000 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
3,313 |
|
Technical, Supply and |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
229,500 |
|
|
|
48,000 |
|
|
|
2,500 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
3,180 |
|
International Operations |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
James J. LItalien(5) |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
250,800 |
|
|
|
45,000 |
|
|
|
909 |
|
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
1,216 |
|
Senior Vice President, |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
240,000 |
|
|
|
54,000 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
25,000 |
|
|
|
1,178 |
|
Regulatory & Compliance |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
120,212 |
|
|
|
115,000 |
|
|
|
9,590 |
|
|
|
80,000 |
|
|
|
580 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Paul V. Maier |
|
|
2004 |
|
|
|
304,750 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
31,665 |
|
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
Senior Vice President, |
|
|
2003 |
|
|
|
287,500 |
|
|
|
63,250 |
|
|
|
54,268 |
|
|
|
75,000 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
Chief Financial Officer |
|
|
2002 |
|
|
|
273,500 |
|
|
|
54,200 |
|
|
|
0 |
|
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
2,322 |
|
|
|
|
(1) |
|
Compensation deferred at the election of the executive, pursuant to the Ligand
Pharmaceuticals 401(k) Plan and Ligand Deferred Compensation Plan are included in the year
earned. |
|
(2) |
|
Amounts which are not otherwise described in this note represent the value of excess earnings
on contributions to the Deferred Compensation Plan that were either paid or for which payment
was deferred at the election of the officer. The amounts for 2003 include $4,000 of housing
allowance for Mr. Aliprandi. The amounts for 2002 include the following: for Dr. LItalien,
$9,590 of relocation reimbursement; for Mr. Aliprandi, $2,500 of housing allowance. |
|
(Footnotes continued on next page) |
26
|
|
|
(3) |
|
Amounts represent the dollar value of life insurance premiums paid by the Company on the
executives behalf.. |
|
(4) |
|
Mr. Aliprandi retired on April 22, 2005. Upon his retirement in April 2005, the Company
entered into a one year consulting agreement with Mr. Aliprandi under which he is paid a
per-day fee plus expenses. Aggregate fees may not exceed $101,000. The contract was reviewed
and ratified by the Audit Committee. |
|
(5) |
|
Dr. LItalien joined the Company in June 2002. Dr. LItaliens bonus for 2002 includes an
$85,000 sign on bonus that was paid in 2003. |
During fiscal 2005 (in July and December), the Compensation Committee of the Board of
Directors approved amendments to the Companys Non-Qualified Deferred Compensation Plan (the
Plan) to permit all active participants in the Plan to terminate their participation in the Plan
on or before December 31, 2005 pursuant to guidance under Section 409A of the Code which, in part,
allows certain changes to deferral elections by participants in such plans as transition relief
under the new rules.
What stock options and stock appreciation rights did the senior executives receive in the last
year?
The following table provides information on the option grants made to the Named Executive
Officers, i.e. the Chief Executive Officer and the next four most highly-compensated executive
officers, during the fiscal year ended December 31, 2004. For all employees (including the
executive officers, but excluding the non-employee directors), options to purchase a total of
1,350,843 shares of stock were granted during the same fiscal year. No stock appreciation rights
were granted to the Named Executive Officers during that fiscal year.
OPTION/SAR GRANTS IN LAST FISCAL YEAR
Individual Grants
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Potential Realizable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
% of Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Value at Assumed |
|
|
Number of |
|
Options/SARs |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Annual Rates of |
|
|
Securities |
|
Granted to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Stock Price |
|
|
Underlying |
|
Employees in |
|
Exercise or |
|
|
|
|
|
Appreciation for |
|
|
Options/SARs Granted |
|
Fiscal |
|
Base Price |
|
Expiration |
|
Option Term |
Name |
|
(#) |
|
Year |
|
($/Sh) |
|
Date |
|
5%($) |
|
10%($) |
David E. Robinson |
|
|
150,000 |
|
|
|
11.1042 |
|
|
|
14.39 |
|
|
|
7/7/14 |
|
|
|
1,357,469 |
|
|
|
3,440,093 |
|
Andres F. Negro-Vilar |
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
2.2208 |
|
|
|
20.70 |
|
|
|
6/1/14 |
|
|
|
390,544 |
|
|
|
989,714 |
|
Giambattista Aliprandi |
|
|
10,000 |
|
|
|
0.7403 |
|
|
|
20.70 |
|
|
|
6/1/14 |
|
|
|
130,181 |
|
|
|
329,905 |
|
James J. LItalien |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
|
1.4806 |
|
|
|
20.70 |
|
|
|
6/1/14 |
|
|
|
260,362 |
|
|
|
659,809 |
|
Paul V. Maier |
|
|
30,000 |
|
|
|
2.2208 |
|
|
|
20.70 |
|
|
|
6/1/14 |
|
|
|
390,544 |
|
|
|
989,714 |
|
Each option has a maximum term of 10 years measured from such grant date, subject to earlier
termination upon the optionees cessation of service with the Company. The shares subject to each
option are only exercisable if vested and will vest 12.5% upon six months of service after grant
and after that, in 42 monthly installments. The vesting of the shares subject to the options
granted to Mr. Robinson will accelerate in connection with his termination of employment under
certain circumstances, including a change in control of the Company. The shares subject to the
options granted to the other Named Executive Officers will immediately vest in full in the event
their employment were to terminate following certain changes in control of the Company. These
arrangements are described below in Employment, Severance and Change of Control Arrangements with
Executive Officers.
The Plan Administrator may grant tandem stock appreciation rights in connection with option
grants which require the holder to elect between the exercise of the underlying option for shares
of common stock and the surrender of such option for a distribution from the Company, payable in
cash or shares of common stock, based upon the appreciated value of the option shares.
The exercise price may be paid in cash, in shares of common stock valued at fair market value
on the exercise date or through a cashless exercise procedure involving a same-day sale of the
purchased shares. The optionee may be permitted, subject to the approval of the plan administrator,
to apply a portion of the shares purchased under the option, or to deliver existing shares of
common stock, in satisfaction of such tax liability.
27
The Company does not provide assurance to any executive officer or any other holder of the
Companys securities that the actual stock price appreciation over the 10-year option term will be
at the assumed 5% and 10% levels or at any other defined level. Unless the market price of the
common stock does in fact appreciate over the option term, no value will be realized from the
option grants made to the executive officers.
What stock options and stock appreciation rights did the senior executives exercise or hold last
year?
The following table shows information concerning option exercises and holdings for the year ended
December 31, 2004 with respect to each of the Named Executive Officers. No stock appreciation
rights were exercised by the named Executive Officers during such fiscal year, and no stock
appreciation rights were held by them at the end of such fiscal year.
AGGREGATED OPTION EXERCISES IN LAST FISCAL YEAR AND
FISCAL YEAR-END OPTION VALUES
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Number of Securities Underlying |
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Shares |
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Value |
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Unexercised Options/SARs |
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Value of Unexercised In-the-Money |
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acquired |
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realized |
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at December 31, 2004 |
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Options/SARs at December 31, 2004 |
Name |
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on exercise |
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($) |
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Exercisable (#) |
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Unexercisable (#) |
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Exercisable ($) |
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Unexercisable ($) |
David E. Robinson |
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73,290 |
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323,381 |
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705,208 |
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294,792 |
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715,365 |
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256,885 |
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Andres Negro-Vilar |
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0 |
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0 |
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319,417 |
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86,458 |
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392,899 |
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110,162 |
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Giambattista Aliprandi |
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0 |
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0 |
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125,417 |
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44,583 |
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32,800 |
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5,600 |
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James J. LItalien |
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8,000 |
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101,130 |
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53,250 |
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63,750 |
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175,339 |
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152,971 |
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Paul V. Maier |
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47,629 |
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95,346 |
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260,477 |
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90,000 |
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263,230 |
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110,162 |
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Value realized on exercise is based upon the market price of the purchased shares on the
exercise date less the option exercise price paid for those shares. Value of unexercised
in-the-money options is equal to the fair market value of the securities underlying the option at
fiscal year-end, $11.64 per share, less the exercise price payable for those securities.
Employment, Severance and Change of Control Arrangements with Named Executive Officers
In May 1996, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Robinson pursuant to which
he is to be employed as President and Chief Executive Officer. This agreement automatically renewed
for three years on May 1, 2005, i.e. until May 1, 2008, and will automatically be renewed for
successive additional three year terms unless earlier terminated by the Company or Mr. Robinson.
During the remainder of the employment term, Mr. Robinson will receive a base salary per year and
annual incentive bonuses based upon his performance and the Companys attainment of designated
performance goals. If Mr. Robinsons employment is terminated without cause, or if he resigns for
specified reasons, such as
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a change in position, duties and responsibilities without consent, |
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a reduction in salary or benefits, or |
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certain events occurring upon a change in control of the Company, |
he will be entitled to a severance payment equal to 24 months of base salary, at the rate in effect
for him at the time of such termination, and all of his outstanding options will, except under
certain limited circumstances, vest and become exercisable for all the option shares on an
accelerated basis in connection with his termination of employment, including a termination
following a change in control of the Company.
In September 1996, the Company entered into an employment agreement with Dr. Negro-Vilar pursuant
to which he is employed as Executive Vice President, Research and Chief Scientific Officer for an
unspecified term. The agreement provides that Dr. Negro-Vilar is an at-will employee. In the event
his employment is terminated without cause, he will be entitled to 12 months of salary continuation
payments, and all of his outstanding options will immediately vest and become exercisable for all
of the option shares.
28
In June 2002, Ligand entered into an agreement with Mr. LItalien that provided for a one-time
sign-on bonus of $85,000 that was paid in 2003. In May 2003, Ligand entered into an agreement with
Mr. Aliprandi that provided for a minimum bonus for 2003 of $73,000. Upon his retirement in April
2005, the Company entered into a 1-year consulting contract with Mr. Aliprandi under which he is
paid a per-day fee plus expenses. Aggregate fees under the
contract may not exceed $101,000. In May 2005 in connection with his appointment, the Company
entered into an agreement with Mr. Crouch whereby he receives an initial annual salary of $310,000,
participates in the management bonus plan with a minimum payout of $100,000 in 2006, was awarded an
option to purchase 120,000 shares at fair market value on the date of grant and received a $40,000
sign-on bonus.
In September 1992, Ligand entered into an employment agreement with Paul V. Maier pursuant to which
Mr. Maier is employed as Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer for an unspecified term.
The agreement provides that Mr. Maier is an at-will employee. If Mr. Maiers employment is
terminated by the Company without cause, he will be entitled to six months base salary.
The Company has entered into an agreement with each employee holding one or more outstanding
options under the 2002 Plan, including each of the Named Executive Officers other than Mr.
Robinson, pursuant to which such options will automatically vest on an accelerated basis in the
event that such individuals employment is terminated following:
an acquisition of the Company by merger or asset sale or
a change in control of the Company effected through a successful tender offer for more than 50%
of the Companys outstanding common stock or through a change in the majority of the Board as a
result of one or more contested elections for Board membership.
The Company has entered into severance agreements with each of the Named Executive Officers and the
other executive officers other than Mr. Robinson pursuant to which such individuals will, in the
event their employment is involuntarily terminated in connection with a change in control of the
Company, receive a severance benefit equal to
one times the annual rate of base salary in effect for such officer at the time of involuntary
termination plus
one times the average of bonuses paid to such officer for services rendered in the two fiscal
years immediately preceding the fiscal year of involuntary termination. The severance amount will
be payable in 12 monthly installments following the officers termination of employment.
Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation
Relationships and Independence of the Compensation Committee Members
During fiscal 2004, the Compensation Committee was composed of Messrs. Blissenbach and Groom
and Dr. Johnson. Dr. Johnson resigned from the Compensation Committee in March 2005. No member of
the Compensation Committee was at any time during the 2004 fiscal year or at any other time an
officer or employee of the Company. No executive officer of the Company served on the board of
directors or compensation committee of any entity which has one or more executive officers serving
as members of the Companys Board of Directors or Compensation Committee.
Notwithstanding anything to the contrary set forth in any of the Companys previous or future
filings under the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, or the Exchange Act, as amended, that might
incorporate this proxy statement or future filings made by the Company under those statutes, the
Compensation Committee Report, the Audit Committee Report, Audit Committee Charter, reference to
the independence of the Committee members and Stock Performance Graph are not deemed filed with the
Securities and Exchange Commission and shall not be deemed incorporated by reference into any of
those prior filings or into any future filings made by the Company under those statutes.
29
Compensation Committee Report
The following is the report delivered by the Compensation Committee of the Companys Board of
Directors with respect to the principal factors considered by such Committee in determining the
compensation of the Companys executive officers.
As members of the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors, it is our duty to set the
base salary of the Companys executive officers and to administer the Companys Stock Incentive and
Employee Stock Purchase Plans under which grants may be made to the executive officers and other
key employees. In addition, we approve the individual bonus programs to be effective for the
executive officers each fiscal year.
General Compensation Policy. Our fundamental policy is to offer the Companys executive officers
competitive compensation opportunities based upon their contribution to the financial success of
the Company and their personal performance. It is our objective to have a substantial portion of
each officers compensation contingent upon the Companys performance as well as upon his or her
own level of performance. Accordingly, each executive officers compensation package is comprised
of three elements:
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base salary which reflects individual performance and is designed primarily to be
competitive with salary levels in the industry, |
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annual variable performance awards payable in cash and tied to the achievement of
financial performance goals established by the Company, and |
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long-term stock-based incentive awards which strengthen the mutuality of interests
between the executive officers and the Companys stockholders. |
As an officers level of responsibility increases, it is our intent to have a greater portion of
his or her total compensation be dependent upon the Companys performance and stock price
appreciation rather than base salary.
Factors. The principal factors which we considered in establishing the components of each
executive officers compensation package for the 2004 fiscal year are summarized below. We may in
our discretion apply entirely different factors, particularly different measures of financial
performance, in setting executive compensation for future fiscal years, but all compensation
decisions will be designed to further the general compensation policy indicated above.
Base Salary. The base salary for each officer is set on the basis of:
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industry experience, knowledge and qualifications, |
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the salary levels in effect for comparable positions within the Companys principal
industry marketplace competitors and |
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internal comparability considerations. |
We did not rely upon any one specific compensation survey for comparative compensation
purposes. Instead, we made our decisions as to the appropriate market level of base salary for each
executive officer on the basis of our understanding of the salary levels in effect for similar
positions at those companies with which the Company competes for executive talent. We estimate that
the salary levels of the Companys executive officers range from the 50th percentile to the 90th
percentile of the salary levels in effect for comparable positions at those other companies.
Annual Incentive Compensation. Annual bonuses are earned by each executive officer solely on
the basis of the Companys achievement of the corporate performance targets we establish at the
start of the fiscal year. For fiscal year 2004, the performance targets were based upon individual
goals supporting key corporate objectives, and each executive was evaluated in relation to his
contribution to the attainment of those targets. Accordingly, this element of executive
compensation was earned solely on the basis of the Companys success in achieving the corporate
goals.
30
Long-Term Incentive Compensation. During 2004, we approved the grant of stock options to
certain executive officers under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan. The grants are designed to align
the interests of each executive officer with those of the stockholders and provide each individual
with a significant incentive to manage the Company from the perspective of an owner with an equity
stake in the business. The number of shares subject to each option grant was based on the officers
level of responsibilities and relative position in the Company. However, we do not adhere
to any specific set of guidelines and determine the size of each grant as circumstances
warrant.
Each grant allows the officer to acquire shares of common stock at the market price on the
grant date over a specified period of time, up to 10 years. Accordingly, the option will provide a
return to the executive officer only if the market price of the shares appreciates over the option
term.
CEO Compensation. In setting the compensation payable to the Companys Chief Executive
Officer, Mr. Robinson, we have sought to be competitive with other companies in the industry, while
at the same time tying a significant percentage of such compensation to the Companys performance
and stock price appreciation. As described above under Employment, Severance and Change of Control
Arrangements with Executive Officers, an employment agreement between the Company and Mr. Robinson
sets forth the terms and conditions, including compensation, governing Mr. Robinsons employment.
We established Mr. Robinsons base salary upon our evaluation of his personal performance and
our objective to have his base salary keep pace with salaries being paid to similarly situated
chief executive officers. We estimate that his base salary is at the 75th to 90th percentile of the
salary levels paid to such other chief executive officers.
The remaining components of Mr. Robinsons 2004 fiscal year compensation, however, were
entirely dependent upon financial performance and provided no dollar guarantees. No cash bonus was
paid to Mr. Robinson for the 2004 fiscal year. It is our objective to have an increasing
percentage of Mr. Robinsons total compensation each year tied to the attainment of performance
targets and stock price appreciation on his option shares.
Compliance with Internal Revenue Code Section 162(m). Section 162(m) of the Internal Revenue
Code disallows a tax deduction to publicly held companies for compensation paid to certain of their
executive officers, to the extent that compensation exceeds $1.0 million per covered officer in any
fiscal year. The limitation applies only to compensation which is not considered to be
performance-based. The non-performance based compensation paid in cash to the Companys executive
officers for the 2004 fiscal year did not exceed the $1.0 million limit per officer, and the
Compensation Committee does not anticipate that the non-performance based compensation to be paid
in cash to the Companys executive officers for fiscal 2005 will exceed that limit. The 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan has been structured so that any compensation paid in connection with the exercise of
options grants under that plan with an exercise price equal to the fair market value of the option
shares on the grant date will qualify as performance-based compensation, and therefore not subject
to the $1.0 million limitation.
It is the opinion of the Compensation Committee that the executive compensation policies and
plans provide the necessary total remuneration program to properly align the Companys performance
and the interests of the Companys stockholders through the use of competitive and equitable
executive compensations in a balanced and reasonable manner, for both the short- and long-term.
We conclude our report with the acknowledgement that no member of the Compensation Committee
is a current officer or employee of the Company or any of its subsidiaries.
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COMPENSATION COMMITTEE |
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HENRY F. BLISSENBACH, CHAIR |
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JOHN GROOM |
31
Audit Committee Report
The information contained in this report shall not be deemed to be soliciting material or
filed with the SEC or subject to the liabilities of Section 18 of the Exchange Act, except to the
extent that Ligand specifically incorporates it by reference into a document filed under the
Securities Act or the Exchange Act.
The following is the report delivered by the Audit Committee of the Companys Board of
Directors with respect to the principal factors considered by such Committee in its oversight of
the accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices of the Company for 2004.
In accordance with its written charter adopted by the Board of Directors, the Audit Committee
of the Board assists the Board in fulfilling its responsibility for oversight of the quality and
integrity of the accounting, auditing and financial reporting practices of the Company based on the
information it receives, on discussions with management and the auditors, and on the Committee
members experience in business, financial and accounting matters. The Committee members are not
professional accountants or auditors, and their functions are not intended to duplicate or to
certify the activities of management or the independent registered public accounting firm, nor can
the Committee certify that such firm is independent under applicable rules. The Committee has the
authority to engage its own outside advisors apart from counsel or advisors hired by management as
it determines appropriate, including experts in particular areas of accounting.
The Audit Committee is comprised of the following non-employee members of the Board of
Directors: Michael A. Rocca, Henry F. Blissenbach and Alexander D. Cross, Ph.D. After reviewing the
qualifications of all current Committee members and any relationship they may have that might
affect their independence from the Company, the Board has determined that (i) all current Committee
members are independent as that concept is defined under Section 10A of the Exchange Act, (ii)
all current Committee members are independent as that concept is defined under the Nasdaq
National Market listing standards, (iii) all current Committee members have the ability to read and
understand financial statements and (iv) Michael A. Rocca qualifies as an audit committee
financial expert. During 2004, the Committee met 12 times, and the Committee discussed the interim
financial information contained in each quarterly earnings announcement with the Chief Executive
Officer, Chief Financial Officer, corporate controller and independent registered public accounting
firm prior to public release.
Restatement of Financial Results
On March 17, 2005, the Company announced that in connection with the preparation of its
consolidated financial statements for 2004 and the audit of those consolidated financial
statements, the Audit Committee of the Board of Directors would conduct a review, with the
assistance of management, of the Companys revenue recognition policies and accounting for product
sales, including its estimates of product returns under SFAS 48 Revenue Recognition When Right
of Return Exists (SFAS 48) and Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 101 -Revenue Recognition,
as amended by SAB 104 (hereinafter referred to as SAB 104). The review included the Companys
revenue recognition policies and practices for current and past periods as well as the Companys
internal control over financial reporting as it related to those items. The Company also reviewed
the accounting and classification of its sales of royalty rights in its consolidated statements of
operations. The Audit Committee retained Dorsey & Whitney LLP as independent counsel. The Audit
Committee and independent counsel subsequently retained PricewaterhouseCoopers as their independent
accounting consultants to assist in the review. In addition, the Company, through its counsel,
Latham & Watkins LLP, retained FTI Ten Eyck to provide an independent accounting perspective in
connection with the accounting issues under review.
On May 20, 2005, the Company announced that the Audit Committee had completed its accounting
review and that the Company would restate its consolidated financial statements as of December 31,
2003 and for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, and as of and for the first three quarters
of 2004 and for the quarters of 2003. The Audit Committee and management independently reviewed the
Companys revenue recognition practices and policies for product sales for 2003 and 2002 and each
of the three quarters in the period ended September 30, 2004. These reviews focused on whether the
Company had properly recognized revenue on product shipments to distributors under SFAS 48 and SAB
104. Based on these reviews, the Company determined that it had not met all of the criteria under
SFAS 48 and SAB 104 to recognize revenue upon shipment. As a result of this error, the
32
Company determined to restate its financial results and to report financial results under the
sell-through revenue recognition method for the domestic product shipments of AVINZA®, ONTAK®,
Targretin® capsules, and Targretin® gel. The Company also announced that it was continuing its work
to review the accounting and classification of its sales of royalty rights in its consolidated
statements of operations and that the Audit Committee review found no evidence of improper or
fraudulent actions or practices by any member of management or that management acted in bad faith
in adopting and administering the Companys historical revenue recognition policies.
Subsequent to the Companys announcement that it would restate its consolidated financial
statements, the Companys previous auditors declined to be re-engaged to audit the restatement. As
a result, the Audit Committee engaged BDO Seidman, LLP (BDO), the Companys current independent
registered public accounting firm, to re-audit the consolidated financial statements for the fiscal
years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002. During the course of the re-audits other errors were
identified that affect the restated consolidated financial statements.
Principal Matters Addressed in the Restatement
On November 18, 2005, the Company filed its annual report on Form 10-K, including the restated
financial results for the periods listed above. Set forth below is a summary of the significant
determinations regarding the restatement and additional matters addressed in the course of the
restatement.
Revenue Recognition. The restatement corrects the recognition of revenue for transactions
involving each of the Companys products that did not satisfy all of the conditions for revenue
recognition contained in SFAS 48 and SAB 104. The Companys products impacted by this restatement
are the domestic product shipments of AVINZA, ONTAK, Targretin capsules, and Targretin gel.
Management determined that based upon SFAS 48 and SAB 104 it did not have the ability to make
reasonable estimates of future returns because there was (i) a lack of sufficient visibility into
the wholesaler and retail distribution channels; (ii) an absence of historical experience with
similar products; (iii) increasing levels of inventory in the wholesale and retail distribution
channels as a result of increasing demand of the Companys new products among other factors; and
(iv) a concentration of a few large distributors. As a result, the Company could not make reliable
and reasonable estimates of returns which precluded it from recognizing revenue at the time of
product shipment, and therefore such transactions must be restated using the sell-through method.
The restatement of product revenue under the sell-through method requires the correction of other
accounts whose balances are largely based upon the prior accounting policy. Such accounts include
gross to net sales adjustments and cost of goods (products) sold. Gross to net sales adjustments
include allowances for returns, rebates, chargebacks, discounts, and promotions, among others. Cost
of product sold includes manufacturing costs and royalties.
The restatement did not affect the revenue recognition of Panretin or the Companys
international product sales. For Panretin, our wholesalers only stock minimal amounts of product,
if any. As such, wholesaler orders are considered to approximate end-customer demand for the
product. For international sales, our products are sold to third-party distributors, for which we
have had minimal returns. For these sales, we believe that the Company has met the SFAS 48 and SAB
104 criteria for recognizing revenue.
Specific models were developed for: AVINZA, including a separate model for each dosage
strength (a retail-stocked product for which the sell-through revenue recognition event is
prescriptions as reported by a third party data provider, IMS Health Incorporated, or IMS);
Targretin capsules and gel (for which revenue recognition is based on wholesaler out-movement as
reported by IMS); and ONTAK (for which revenue recognition is based on wholesaler out-movement as
reported to the Company by its wholesalers as the product is generally not stocked in pharmacies).
Separate models were also required for each of the adjustments associated with the gross to net
sales adjustments and cost of goods sold. The Company also developed separate demand
reconciliations for each product to assess the reasonableness of the third party information
described above which was used in the restatement and will be used on a going-forward basis.
Under the sell-through method used in the restatement and to be used on a going-forward basis,
the Company does not recognize revenue upon shipment of product to the wholesaler. For these
shipments, the Company invoices the wholesaler, records deferred revenue at gross invoice sales
price less estimated cash discounts and, for ONTAK, end-customer returns, and classifies the
inventory held by the wholesaler as deferred cost of goods sold within other current assets.
Additionally, for royalties paid to technology partners based on product shipments to
33
wholesalers, the Company records the cost of such royalties as deferred royalty expense
within other current assets. Royalties paid to technology partners are deferred as the Company
has the right to offset royalties paid for product that are later returned against subsequent
royalty obligations. Royalties for which the Company does not have the ability to offset (for
example, at the end of the contracted royalty period) are expensed in the period the royalty
obligation becomes due. The Company recognizes revenue when inventory is sold through (as
discussed below), on a first-in first-out (FIFO) basis. Sell-through for AVINZA is considered to be
at the prescription level or at the time of end user consumption for non-retail prescriptions.
Thus, changes in wholesaler or retail pharmacy inventories of AVINZA do not affect the Companys
product revenues. Sell-through for ONTAK, Targretin capsules, and Targretin gel is considered to be
at the time the product moves from the wholesaler to the wholesalers customer. Changes in
wholesaler inventories for all the Companys products, including product that the wholesaler
returns to the Company for credit, do not affect product revenues but will be reflected as a change
in deferred product revenue.
The Companys revenue recognition is subject to the inherent limitations of estimates that are
based on third-party data, as certain-third party information is itself in the form of estimates.
Accordingly, the Companys sales and revenue recognition under the sell-through method reflect the
Companys estimates of actual product sold through the distribution channel. The estimates by third
parties include inventory levels and customer sell-through information the Company obtains from
wholesalers which currently account for a large percentage of the market demand for its products.
The Company also uses third-party market research data to make estimates where time lags prevent
the use of actual data. Certain third-party data and estimates are validated against the Companys
internal product movement information. To assess the reasonableness of third-party demand (i.e.
sell-through) information, the Company prepares separate demand reconciliations based on inventory
in the distribution channel. Differences identified through these demand reconciliations outside an
acceptable range are recognized as an adjustment to the third-party reported demand in the period
those differences are identified. This adjustment mechanism is designed to identify and correct for
any material variances between reported and actual demand over time and other potential anomalies
such as inventory shrinkage at wholesalers or retail pharmacies.
As a result of the Companys adoption of the sell-through method, it recorded reductions to
net product sales in the amounts of $12.8 million, $8.1 million and $9.2 million for the quarters
ended September 30, 2004, June 30, 2004 and March 31, 2004, respectively, and $25.5 million, $13.4
million, $12.8 million, and $7.5 million for the quarters ended December 31, 2003, September 30,
2003, June 30, 2003, and March 31, 2003, respectively. Additionally, for the years ended December
31, 2003 and 2002, the Company recorded a reduction to net product sales in the amounts of $59.2
million and $24.2 million, respectively. These amounts do not include other adjustments also
affected by the change to the sell-through method such as cost of products sold and royalties.
Revenue which has been deferred will be recognized as the product sells through in future periods
as discussed above.
Sale of Royalty Rights. In March 2002, the Company entered into an agreement with Royalty
Pharma (Royalty Pharma) to sell a portion of its rights to future royalties from the net sales of
three selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM) products now in late stage development with two
of the Companys collaborative partners, Pfizer Inc. and American Home Products Corporation, now
known as Wyeth, in addition to the right, but not the obligation, to acquire additional percentages
of the SERM products net sales on future dates by giving the Company notice. When the Company
entered into the agreement with Royalty Pharma and upon each subsequent exercise of its options to
acquire additional percentages of royalty payments to the Company, the Company recognized the
consideration paid to it by Royalty Pharma as revenue. Cumulative payments totaling $63.3 million
were received from Royalty Pharma from 2002 through 2004 for the sale of royalty rights from the
net sales of the SERM products.
The Company determined that, while the current accounting classification is appropriate, a
portion of the revenue recognized under the Royalty Pharma agreement should have been deferred
since Pfizer and Wyeth each had the right to offset a portion of future royalty payments for, and
to the extent of, amounts previously paid to the Company for certain developmental milestones.
Approximately $0.6 million of revenue was deferred in each of 2003 and 2002 related to the offset
rights by the Companys collaborative partners, Pfizer and Wyeth. The amounts associated with the
offset rights against future royalty payments will be recognized as revenue upon receipt of future
royalties from the respective partners or upon determination that no such future royalties will be
forthcoming. Additionally, the Company determined to defer a portion of such revenue as it relates
to the value of the option
34
rights sold to Royalty Pharma until Royalty Pharma exercised such options or upon the
expiration of the options. The value of Royalty Pharma options outstanding at the end of 2002 which
was recognized in 2003 was approximately $0.1 million. The value of options outstanding at the end
of 2003 which was recognized in 2004 was $0.2 million. As of December 31, 2004, all of the option
revenue deferred during fiscal 2002 and 2003 has been recognized. Accordingly, for the years ended
December 31, 2003 and 2002, the Company has restated revenue from the sale of royalty rights under
the Royalty Pharma agreement, which reduced royalty revenue by approximately $0.7 million for each
of the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002.
Additional Matters Addressed in the Restatement
Subsequent to May 20, 2005, the Company determined that it should also restate its
consolidated financial statements as they relate to the following matters:
Buy-Out of Salk Royalty Obligation. In March 2004, the Company paid The Salk Institute $1.12
million in connection with the Companys exercise of an option to buy out milestone payments, other
payment-sharing obligations and royalty payments due on future sales of lasofoxifene, a product
under development by Pfizer for which a NDA was expected to be filed in 2004. At the time of the
Companys exercise of its buyout right, the payment was accounted for as a prepaid royalty asset to
be amortized on a straight-line basis over the period for which the Company had a contractual right
to the lasofoxifene royalties. This payment was included in Other assets on the Companys
consolidated balance sheet at September 30, 2004, June 30, 2004, and March 31, 2004. Pfizer filed
the NDA for lasofoxifene with the United States Food and Drug Administration in the third quarter
of 2004. Because the NDA had not been filed at the time the Company exercised its buyout right, the
Company determined in the course of the restatement that the payment should have been expensed.
Accordingly, the Company corrected such error and recognized the Salk payment as development
expense for the quarter ended March 31, 2004 and the year ended December 31, 2004.
X-Ceptor Therapeutics, Inc. In June 1999, the Company invested $6.0 million in X-Ceptor
Therapeutics, Inc. (X- Ceptor) through the acquisition of convertible preferred stock.
Additionally, in October 1999, the Company issued warrants to X-Ceptor investors, founders and
certain employees to purchase 950,000 shares of Ligand common stock with an exercise price of
$10.00 per share and an expiration date of October 6, 2006. At the time of issuance, the warrants
were recorded at their fair value of $4.20 per warrant or $4.0 million as deferred warrant expense
within stockholders deficit and were amortized to operating expense through June 2002. The Company
determined during the course of the restatement that the warrant issuance should have been
capitalized as an asset rather than treated as a deferred expense within equity since the warrant
issuance was deemed to be consideration for the right granted to the Company by X-Ceptor to acquire
all of the outstanding stock of X-Ceptor (the Purchase Right). Accordingly, the Company recorded
the Purchase Right as an other asset in the amount of $4.0 million. The effect of this change
resulted in a decrease in expense for the year ended December 31, 2002 of $0.7 million. This asset
was subsequently written off to Other, net expense in the quarter ended March 31, 2003, the
period the Company determined that the Purchase Right would not be exercised.
Pfizer Settlement Agreement and Elan Shares. In April 1996, the Company and Pfizer entered
into a settlement agreement with respect to a lawsuit filed in December 1994 by the Company against
Pfizer. In connection with a collaborative research agreement the Company entered into with Pfizer
in 1991, Pfizer purchased shares of the Companys common stock. Under the terms of the settlement
agreement, at the option of either the Company or Pfizer, milestone and royalty payments owed to
the Company can be satisfied by Pfizer by transferring to the Company shares of the Companys
common stock at an exchange ratio of $12.375 per share. At the time of the settlement, the Company
accounted for the prior issuance of common stock to Pfizer as equity on its balance sheet.
Additionally, in 1998, Elan International (Elan) agreed to exclusively license to the Company
in the United States and Canada its proprietary product AVINZA. In connection with the November
2002 restructuring of the AVINZA license agreement with Elan, the Company agreed to repurchase
approximately 2.2 million shares of the Companys common stock held by an affiliate of Elan (the
Elan Shares) for $9.00 a share. At the time of the November 2002 agreement, the shares were
classified as equity on the Companys balance sheet. The Elan Shares were repurchased and retired
in February 2003.
35
In conjunction with the restatement, the remaining common stock issued and outstanding to
Pfizer following the settlement and the Elan Shares were reclassified as common stock subject to
conditional redemption/repurchase (between liabilities and equity) in accordance with Emerging
Issue Task Force Topic D-98, Classification and Measurement of Redeemable Securities (EITF D-98),
which was issued in July 2001.
EITF D-98 requires the security to be classified outside of permanent equity if there is a
possibility of redemption of securities that is not solely within the control of the issuer. Since
Pfizer has the option to settle with Companys shares milestone and royalties payments owed to the
Company and, as of December 31, 2002, the Company was required to repurchase the Elan shares, the
Company determined that such factors indicated that the redemptions were not within the Companys
control, and accordingly, EITF D-98 was applicable to the treatment of the common stock issued to
Pfizer and the Elan Shares. These adjustments totaling $34.6 million only had an effect on the
balance sheet classification, not on the consolidated statements of operations. Of the total
adjustments, $14.6 million related to the Pfizer shares and $20.0 million related to the Elan
Shares.
Seragen Litigation. On December 11, 2001, a lawsuit was filed in the United States District
Court for the District of Massachusetts against the Company by the Trustees of Boston University
and other former stakeholders of Seragen. The suit was subsequently transferred to federal district
court in Delaware. The complaint alleges breach of contract, breach of the implied covenants of
good faith and fair dealing and unfair and deceptive trade practices based on, among other things,
allegations that the Company wrongfully withheld approximately $2.1 million in consideration due
the plaintiffs under the Seragen acquisition agreement. This amount had been previously accrued for
in the Companys consolidated financial statements in 1998. The complaint seeks payment of the
withheld consideration and treble damages. The Company filed a motion to dismiss the unfair and
deceptive trade practices claim. The Court subsequently granted the Companys motion to dismiss the
unfair and deceptive trade practices claim (i.e. the treble damages claim), in April 2003. In
November 2003, the Court granted Boston Universitys motion for summary judgment, and entered
judgment for Boston University. In January 2004, the district court issued an amended judgment
awarding interest of approximately $0.7 million to the plaintiffs in addition to the approximately
$2.1 million withheld. The Court award of interest was previously not accrued. Although the Company
has appealed the judgment in this case as well as the award of interest and the calculation of
damages, in view of the judgment, the Company revised its consolidated financial statements in the
fourth quarter of 2003 to record a charge of $0.7 million.
Other. In conjunction with the restatement, the Company also made other adjustments and
reclassifications to its accounting for various other errors, in various years, including, but not
limited to: (1) a correction to the Companys estimate of the accrual for clinical trials; (2)
corrections to estimates of other accrued liabilities; (3) royalty payments made to technology
partners; (4) straight-line recognition of rent expense for contractual annual rent increases; and
(5) corrections to estimates of future obligations and bonuses to employees.
For the quarters ended September 30, 2004, June 30, 2004, and March 31, 2004, the restatement
increased the net loss by $11.7 million or $0.16 per share; $7.8 million or $0.11 per share; and
$8.8 million or $0.12 per share, respectively. For the quarter ended December 31, 2003, the
restatement decreased net income by $24.6 million or $0.34 per share and increased net loss for the
quarters ended September 30, 2003, June 30, 2003, and March 31, 2003 by $11.6 million or $0.16 per
share; $12.0 million or $0.18 per share; and $10.8 million or $0.15 per share, respectively. The
restatement increased the net loss in 2003 by $59.0 million or $0.83 per share to $96.5 million or
$1.36 per share. The restatement increased the net loss in 2002 by $19.7 million or $0.29 per share
to $52.3 million or $0.76 per share. For periods prior to 2002, the restatement was effectuated
through an aggregate adjustment as of January 1, 2002 of $15.1 million to the Companys accumulated
deficit. Additionally, for periods prior to 2002, restatement of the Pfizer settlement agreement
was effectuated as of January 1, 2002 through a reduction of additional paid in capital and a
corresponding increase to common stock subject to conditional redemption/repurchase (between
liabilities and equity) of $14.6 million. The restatement regarding the Elan shares had no effect
on periods prior to 2002 since it was effectuated as of November 2002 through a reduction of
additional paid in capital and a corresponding increase to common stock subject to conditional
redemption/repurchase of $20.0 million.
36
Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Material weaknesses in the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December
31, 2004 have been identified and reported to the Committee.
Management conducted an assessment of the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over
financial reporting as of December 31, 2004 based on the framework set forth in Internal Control -
Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway
Commission. Based on this assessment, management has concluded that the Companys internal control
over financial reporting was not effective as of December 31, 2004 because of the material
weaknesses outlined below.
A material weakness in internal control over financial reporting is a significant deficiency,
or combination of significant deficiencies, that results in more than a remote likelihood that a
material misstatement of the financial statements would not be prevented or detected on a timely
basis by the Company.
Management has identified the following material weaknesses in connection with its assessment
of the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31,
2004:
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The Company did not have effective controls and procedures to ensure that
revenues, including sales of its products and the practice it followed regarding the
replacement of expired products, were recognized in accordance with generally accepted
accounting principles. With respect to product sales, the Company did not have the
ability to make reasonable estimates of returns which preclude the Company from
recognizing revenue at the time of domestic product shipment of AVINZA, ONTAK,
Targretin capsules, and Targretin gel. As a result, shipments made to wholesalers for
these products did not meet the revenue recognition criteria of SFAS 48 Revenue
Recognition When Right of Return Exists and Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 101
Revenue Recognition as amended by SAB 104. |
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The Companys controls and procedures intended to prevent shipping of
short-dated products (i.e., products shipped within six months of expiration) to its
wholesalers were not operating effectively which resulted in the shipment of ONTAK
during 2004 to wholesalers within six months of product expiration. The shipment of
short-dated product subsequently resulted in significant product returns/replacements. |
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The Company did not have adequate records and documentation supporting the
decisions made and the accounting for past transactions. This material weakness
resulted from the fact that the Company did not have sufficient controls surrounding
the preparation and maintenance of adequate contemporaneous records and documentation. |
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The Company did not have adequate manpower in its accounting and finance
department and has a lack of sufficient qualified accounting personnel to identify and
resolve complex accounting issues in accordance with generally accepted accounting
principles. This material weakness contributed to the following errors in accounting,
among other things: (1) revenue recognition and related gross to net sales adjustments
and cost of goods (products) sold, (2) revenues received under our agreement with
Royalty Pharma, (3) warrants issued in connection with the X-Ceptor transaction, (4)
the classification of the Elan Shares in connection with the Companys purchase
obligation relating to the November 2002 restructuring of the AVINZA license agreement
with Elan and the shares of stock issued to Pfizer in connection with the Pfizer
Settlement Agreement, (5) accrual of interest in connection with the Seragen
litigation, and (6) the calculation of contractual annual rent increases. |
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The Company did not have sufficient controls over accrued liability estimates
in the proper accounting periods (i.e., accruals and cut-off). This material weakness
caused errors in accounting relating to (1) estimation of accruals for clinical trials,
bonuses to employees, and other miscellaneous accrued liabilities, and (2) royalty
payments made to technology partners. |
37
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The Company did not have adequate financial reporting and close procedures.
This material weakness resulted from the fact that the Company did not have sufficient
controls in place nor trained personnel to adequately prepare and review documentation
and schedules necessary to support its financial reporting and period-end close
procedures. |
The Companys independent registered public accounting firm, BDO Seidman, LLP, has issued an
attestation report on managements assessment of the Companys internal control over financial
reporting. The Audit Committee reviewed and accepted managements assessment and BDO Seidmans
attestation report on the assessment.
Additional Audit Committee Oversight
In discharging its oversight responsibility as to the audit process, the Audit Committee
obtained from the independent registered public accounting firm a formal written statement
describing all relationships between the firm and the Company that might bear on the firms
independence consistent with Independence Standards Board Standard No. 1, Independence Discussions
with Audit Committees, discussed with the independent registered public accounting firm any
relationships that may impact their objectivity and independence and satisfied itself as to the
firms independence. The Committee also discussed with management, and the independent registered
public accounting firm the quality and adequacy of the Companys internal controls and the
requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. The Committee also discussed with management the
process used to support the certifications of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer that are required in periodic reports filed by the Company with the SEC. The Committee
reviewed with the independent registered public accounting firm their audit plans, audit scope, and
identification of audit risks. The Committee engaged the independent registered public accounting
firm and approved auditor services and fees, including audit, audit related, and non-audit fees.
Each year the Board reviews the adequacy of the committees written charter in light of the
applicable Nasdaq and SEC rules. Following each annual meeting the Company provides a written
certification of adoption of the charter and its adequacy as required by Nasdaq. A copy of the
Audit Committee charter is attached to this proxy statement as Appendix A.
The Committee discussed and reviewed with the independent registered public accounting firm
all communications required by generally accepted auditing standards, including those described in
Statement on Auditing Standards No. 90 Communication with Audit Committees and, with and without
management present, discussed and reviewed the results of the independent registered public
accounting firms examination of the financial statements, all critical accounting policies and
practices used, all alternative treatments of financial information discussed with management, the
ramifications of such alternative treatments and the preferred treatment of the independent
registered public accounting firm, and other material written communication between the firm and
management.
The Committee reviewed the audited financial statements of the Company as of and for the
fiscal year ended December 31, 2004 with management and the independent registered public
accounting firm. Management has the responsibility for the preparation of the Companys financial
statements and the independent registered public accounting firm has the responsibility for the
examination of those statements.
Based on the above-mentioned review and discussions with management and the independent
registered public accounting firm, the Committee recommended to the Board that the Companys
audited financial statements be included in its Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended
December 31, 2004, for filing with the Securities and Exchange Commission. The Committee also
recommended the reappointment, subject to stockholder approval, of the independent registered
public accounting firm and the Board concurred in such recommendation.
AUDIT COMMITTEE
MICHAEL A. ROCCA, CHAIR
HENRY F. BLISSENBACH
ALEXANDER D. CROSS, PH.D.
38
Performance Graph
The graph below shows the five-year cumulative total stockholder return assuming the investment of
$100 and the reinvestment of dividends, although dividends have not been declared on the common
stock, and is based on the returns of the component companies weighted monthly according to their
market capitalizations. The graph compares total stockholder returns of the Companys common
stock, of all companies traded on the NASDAQ Stock market, as represented by the NASDAQ Composite®
Index, and of the NASDAQ Pharmaceutical Stocks, as prepared by the Center for Research in Security
Prices (CRSP) at the University of Chicago. The NASDAQ Pharmaceutical Stocks tracks approximately
250 domestic pharmaceutical stocks within SIC Code 283.
At December 31, 2004, Ligands common stock was traded on the NASDAQ National Market. On September
7, 2005, the Company was delisted from the NASDAQ National Market and is now quoted on the Pink
Sheets.
The stockholder return shown on the graph below is not necessarily indicative of future performance
and the Company will not make or endorse any predictions as to future stockholder returns.
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12/31/99 |
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12/31/00 |
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12/31/01 |
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12/31/02 |
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12/31/03 |
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12/31/04 |
Ligand |
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100.00 |
% |
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108.74 |
% |
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139.03 |
% |
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41.71 |
% |
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114.10 |
% |
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90.41 |
% |
NASDAQ Composite |
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100.00 |
% |
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60.71 |
% |
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47.93 |
% |
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32.82 |
% |
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49.23 |
% |
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53.46 |
% |
NASDAQ Pharmaceutical Stocks |
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100.00 |
% |
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124.73 |
% |
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106.31 |
% |
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68.69 |
% |
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100.69 |
% |
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107.25 |
% |
39
CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS
In 1996, the Board adopted a shareholders rights plan (the Rights Plan) which provides for a
dividend distribution of one preferred share purchase right (a Right) on each outstanding share
of our common stock. Each Right entitles stockholders to buy 1/1000th of a share of Ligand Series A
Participating Preferred Stock at an exercise price of $100, subject to adjustment. In September
2002, the Board amended the Rights Plan, reducing from 20% to 10% the trigger percentage of
outstanding shares which, if acquired, would permit the rights to be exercised. Generally, the
Rights become exercisable following the tenth day after a person or group announces acquisition of
10% or more of the common stock, or announces commencement of a tender offer, the consummation of
which would result in ownership by the person or group of 10% or more of the common stock. In
connection with our September 1998 agreements with Elan, we amended the Rights Plan to provide that
the Rights would not become exercisable by reason of Elans (i) beneficial ownership on or before
November 9, 2005 of up to 25% of the Common Stock or (ii) beneficial ownership after November 9,
2005 of a percentage of our common stock equal to its beneficial ownership on that date, to the
extent such ownership exceeds 10%. These provisions related to Elans ownership were removed by an
amendment to the Rights Plan in March 2004, following Elans divestiture in 2003 of all of its
Ligand stock. In December 2005, the Board approved an amendment to the Rights Plan providing that
shares of the Companys common stock acquired by Third Point LLC, its affiliates or associates
(Third Point) solely as a result of service as members of the Companys Board of Directors,
including without limitation, the option for each designee to purchase 20,000 shares of common
stock which was automatically granted on the date of such designees initial election, would not
operate to trigger the distribution of rights under the Rights Plan.
Certain holders of the common stock, and the common stock issuable upon exercise of warrants
and other convertible securities, are entitled to registration rights with respect to such stock.
We have entered into employment agreements with each of Messrs. Robinson, Maier and
Negro-Vilar and a severance and retention bonus agreement with Mr. Mertes. We have separate
severance agreements with each of the Named Executive Officers and the other executive officers,
except Mr. Robinson. Please see Employment, Severance and Change of Control Arrangements with
Executive Officers above for more details regarding these agreements.
In December 2005 the Company entered into an agreement with Mr. Mertes that provides for
certain severance and retention or stay bonus payments under specified circumstances. If Mr.
Mertes employment is involuntarily terminated as defined in the agreement, prior to December 31,
2006, Mr. Mertes is entitled to receive a payment equal to 12 months regular salary. If Mr.
Mertes remains employed and available for work through December 31, 2006, he is entitled to receive
a stay bonus of four months salary. Mr. Mertes may receive all or part of the stay bonus if he is
involuntarily terminated in connection with a change of control on or before December 31, 2006.
In October 2002 the Company engaged RNV Associates, Inc. a corporation controlled by Rosa
Negro-Vilar, the spouse of Dr. Negro-Vilar, for clinical development consulting services. The
contract was renewed for one year in October 2003 and again in October 2004 and was terminated in
January 2005. During 2004, Rosa Negro-Vilar received aggregate payments of $154,001. The contract
and renewals were reviewed and approved by the Audit Committee.
Upon his retirement in April 2005, the Company entered into a one-year consulting contract
with Mr. Aliprandi under which he is paid a per-day fee plus expenses. Aggregate fees under the
contract may not exceed $101,000. The contract was reviewed and ratified by the Audit Committee.
Pursuant to a Stockholders Agreement dated December 2, 2005 among the Company and Third Point,
the Company agreed to reimburse Third Point LLC, which is controlled by director Daniel S. Loeb and
employs directors Brigette Roberts, M.D. and Jeffrey R. Perry, up to $475,000 of its actual
out-of-pocket costs incurred prior to the date of the Agreement directly related to certain matters
listed in the agreement and connected to a proxy contest previously announced by Third Point LLC,
subject to certain conditions described in the agreement.
Our bylaws provide that the Company will indemnify its directors and executive officers and
may indemnify its other officers, employees and other agents to the fullest extent permitted by the
Delaware General Corporation Law.
40
\
The Company is also empowered under its bylaws to enter into indemnification contracts with
its directors and officers and to purchase insurance on behalf of any person whom it is required or
permitted to indemnify. Pursuant to this provision, the Company has entered into indemnity
agreements with each of its directors and officers.
In addition, the Companys certificate of incorporation provides that to the fullest extent
permitted by Delaware law, the Companys directors will not be liable for monetary damages for
breach of the directors fiduciary duty of care to the Company and its stockholders. This provision
in the Certificate of Incorporation does not eliminate the duty of care, and in appropriate
circumstances equitable remedies such as an injunction or other forms of non-monetary relief would
remain available under Delaware law. Each director will continue to be subject to liability for
breach of the directors duty of loyalty to the Company, for acts or omissions not in good faith or
involving intentional misconduct or knowing violations of law, for acts or omissions that the
director believes to be contrary to the best interests of the Company or its stockholders, for any
transaction from which the director derived an improper personal benefit, for acts or omissions
involving a reckless disregard for the directors duty to the Company or its stockholders when the
director was aware or should have been aware of a risk of serious injury to the Company or its
stockholders, for acts or omissions that constitute an unexcused pattern of inattention that
amounts to an abdication of the directors duty to the Company or its stockholders, for improper
transactions between the director and the Company and for improper distributions to stockholders
and loans to directors and officers. This provision also does not affect a directors
responsibilities under any other laws, such as the federal securities laws or state or federal
environmental laws.
All future transactions between the Company and its officers, directors, principal
stockholders and affiliates will be approved by the Audit Committee or a majority of the
independent and disinterested members of the Board of Directors.
SECTION 16(a) BENEFICIAL OWNERSHIP REPORTING COMPLIANCE
Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act requires the Companys officers and directors,
and persons who own more than 10% of a registered class of the Companys equity securities, to file
reports of ownership and changes in ownership with the SEC. Officers, directors and greater than
10% stockholders are required by SEC regulation to furnish the Company with copies of all Section
16(a) forms they file.
Based solely on review of the copies of such forms furnished to the Company, or written
representations that no Forms 5 were required, the Company believes that, during the period from
January through December 2004, all Section 16(a) filing requirements applicable to its officers,
directors and greater than 10% beneficial owners were satisfied.
DEADLINE FOR PROPOSALS FOR NEXT ANNUAL MEETING
Under the present rules of the SEC, the deadline for stockholders to submit proposals to be
considered for inclusion in the Companys proxy statement for the 2006 annual meeting of
stockholders is a reasonable period of time, as the Companys 2005 annual meeting changed by more
than 30 days from the date of the 2004 annual meeting, and is expected to again change by more than
30 days in connection with the upcoming 2006 annual meeting. Such proposals may be included in next
years proxy statement if they comply with certain rules and regulations promulgated by the SEC and
the procedure set forth in the bylaws of the Company, which requires notice to be delivered or
mailed and received at the Companys executive offices on or before the close of business on the
twentieth calendar day following the earlier of the date on which (i) notice of the date of the
annual meeting was mailed to stockholders or (ii) public disclosure of the date of the meeting was
made to stockholders.
In addition, the proxy solicited by the Board of Directors for the 2006 annual meeting of
stockholders will confer discretionary authority to vote on any stockholder proposal presented at
that meeting, unless the Company receives notice of such proposal no later than a reasonable period
of time prior to the mailing of proxy materials for such 2006 annual meeting.
41
ANNUAL REPORT ON FORM 10-K
A copy of the Annual Report of the Company on Form 10-K for the 2004 fiscal year has been
mailed concurrently with this proxy statement to all stockholders entitled to notice of and to vote
at this annual meeting. The Annual Report is not incorporated into this proxy statement and is not
considered proxy solicitation material.
SOLICITATION OF PROXIES
The Company will bear the entire cost of solicitation, including the preparation, assembly,
printing and mailing of this proxy statement, the proxy and any additional solicitation material
furnished to stockholders. Copies of solicitation material will be furnished to brokerage houses,
fiduciaries and custodians holding shares in their names that are beneficially owned by others so
that they may forward this solicitation material to such beneficial owners. In addition, the
Company may reimburse such persons for their costs of forwarding the solicitation materials to such
beneficial owners. The original solicitation of proxies by mail may be supplemented by solicitation
by telephone, telegram or other means by directors, officers, employees or agents of the Company.
To assist in the solicitation process, the Company has retained MacKenzie Partners Inc. The fee for
such services will be approximately $12,500 plus reasonable expenses incurred to distribute
solicitation materials. No additional compensation will be paid to directors, officers or employees
of the Company for any such services. Except as described above, the Company does not presently
intend to solicit proxies other than by mail.
OTHER BUSINESS
As of the date of this proxy statement, the Board of Directors knows of no other business that
will be presented for consideration at the annual meeting. If other matters are properly brought
before the annual meeting, however, it is the intention of the persons named in the accompanying
proxy to vote the shares represented thereby on such matters in accordance with their best
judgment.
By Order of the Board of Directors
/s/
Warner R.
Broaddus
Warner R. Broaddus
Vice President, General Counsel & Secretary
December 22, 2005
Ligand, the Ligand logo, Avinza, ONTAK, Panretin and Targretin are registered trademarks of the
Company. Any other trademarks in this proxy statement are the property of their respective owners.
42
APPENDIX A
AUDIT COMMITTEE CHARTER
LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
May 13, 2004
I. THE ROLE OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The primary responsibility of the Audit Committee (the Committee) is to assist the Board of
Directors (the Board) of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated (the Company) in fulfilling its
oversight responsibilities by:
1. reviewing the financial information to be provided to the Companys stockholders and others;
2. overseeing the Companys audit and compliance processes and financial reporting functions;
3. monitoring and ensuring the adequacy of the Companys internal audit function, and systems of
internal accounting and financial controls, including the Companys disclosure controls and
procedures;
4. appointing, engaging and monitoring the performance of the Companys independent, outside
auditors (the Independent Auditors) and the evaluation of the Independent Auditors
qualifications and independence; and
5. monitoring the Companys compliance with existing ethics and information security policies and
securities, legal and regulatory requirements.
In so doing, it is the responsibility of the Committee to maintain free and open communication
between the Committee, the Independent Auditors, the internal auditors and management of the
Company and to assure the resolution of any disagreements between management and the Independent
Auditors regarding financial reporting.
The Committees mandate is one of oversight and its role in no way relieves the Companys
management of its responsibility for preparing the Companys financial statements such that they
accurately and fairly present the Companys financial condition, nor does it relieve the
Independent Auditors of their responsibility for auditing those financial statements and for
reviewing the Companys unaudited interim financial statements.
The Committee has the authority to call on and/or engage such resources and advisers as are
necessary to fulfill its responsibilities, including but not limited to independent counsel,
Independent Auditors, management and consultants. In particular, the Committee is empowered to
investigate any matter brought to its attention with full access to all books, records, facilities,
and personnel of the Company and it is authorized to retain, at the expense of the Company,
independent legal, accounting, or such other advisers as it may deem necessary or advisable to
carry out its duties.
The Independent Auditors ultimate responsibility is to the Board and the Committee, as
representatives of the stockholders. The Committee shall review the performance of the Independent
Auditors and make reports and recommendations to the Board which are appropriate in its judgment,
provided, however, that at least one such report shall be made annually in connection with the
Companys year-end reporting.
The Committee will primarily fulfill its responsibilities by carrying out the activities enumerated
under Article IV, Duties of the Audit Committee.
II. AUDIT COMMITTEE COMPOSITION
The Committee shall be comprised of at least three members of the Board, and each member of the
Committee shall meet the independence and experience requirements of Nasdaq, the Securities
Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, and the rules and regulations of the Securities and Exchange
Commission (the SEC). No member may have participated in the preparation of the financial
statements of the Company or any current subsidiary of the Company at any time during the past
three years. All members of the Committee shall have a working familiarity with basic finance and
accounting practices, and be able to read and understand fundamental financial statements,
including a
43
Companys balance sheet, income statement, and cash flow statement. At least one member of the
Committee shall be a financial expert as defined by the SEC. The Board shall appoint and remove
the members of the Committee and its Chairman.
III. FREQUENCY OF MEETINGS
The Committees regular meetings ordinarily coincide with the regular meetings of the Board, but
the Committee shall set the time and place of its regular meetings as it deems appropriate. The
Committee may hold special meetings as needed to fulfill its duties. Special meetings may be
called by any member of the Committee, by the Board or by the Chairman of the Board. The business
of the Committee may be conducted at such regular or special meetings, or by unanimous written
consent. The Committee shall meet periodically with management, the internal auditor, and the
Independent Auditors in separate executive sessions at least once a year. Reasonable notice of the
time and place of all meetings shall be given to the Committee members in writing by fax, email,
regular mail or courier effective upon receipt, but in no event less than 48 hours prior to the
meeting. Notice may be waived at the relevant meeting, or at any time in writing. Meetings may be
held in person or by telephonic or video conference.
IV. DUTIES OF THE AUDIT COMMITTEE
The Committee, in carrying out its responsibilities, believes its policies and procedures should
remain flexible in order to best react to changing conditions and circumstances. The following
shall be the principal duties and responsibilities of the Committee:
1. The Committee shall review and assess the adequacy of this Charter at least annually and
recommend any changes to the Board for approval.
2. The Committee shall review with management and the Independent Auditors the financial
information to be included in the Companys Annual Report on SEC Form 10-K, including managements
discussion and analysis, and (i) the Independent Auditors judgment about the quality, not just the
acceptability, of the accounting principles used in the preparation of the financial statements,
(ii) any changes in the accounting policies or principles applied by the Company, (iii) all
critical accounting policies and practices used and all alternative treatments of financial
information within generally accepted accounting principles that have been discussed with
management, the ramifications of using such alternative treatments, and the treatment preferred by
the Independent Auditors, (iv) the reasonableness of significant judgments, (v) the clarity of the
disclosures in the financial statements and (vi) any material correcting adjustments and any
material unadjusted differences that have been identified by the Independent Auditors. The
Independent Auditors shall timely report to the Committee the matters described in clause (iii)
above and other material written communications between the Independent Auditors and the management
of the Company, such as any management letter or schedule of unadjusted differences.
3. The Committee shall also review the adequacy and effectiveness of the Companys internal
controls, and any special steps taken in light of material control deficiencies, with management,
the internal auditor and the Independent Auditors. The Committee shall also discuss the results of
the annual audit and any other matters required to be communicated to the Committee by the
Independent Auditors under generally accepted auditing standards, applicable law or listing
standards, including matters required to be discussed by Statement of Auditing Standards No. 61, as
amended by Statement of Auditing Standards No. 90. The Committee may discuss with the Independent
Auditors issues on which it consulted their national office and matters of audit quality and
consistency. Based on its overall review and discussions, the Committee shall make a determination
whether to recommend to the Board that the audited financial statements should be included in the
Companys Annual Report to Stockholders.
4. The Committee shall review and discuss with management and the Independent Auditors the
quarterly financial information to be included in the Companys quarterly reports on Form 10-Q,
including the disclosures under managements discussion and analysis. In connection therewith, the
Independent Auditors shall report to the Committee on all critical accounting policies and
practices used and all alternative treatments of financial information within generally accepted
accounting principles, the ramifications of using such alternative treatments, and the treatment
preferred by the Independent Auditors. The Independent Auditors shall also discuss any other
matters required to be communicated to the Committee by the Independent Auditors under generally
accepted auditing standards, applicable law or listing standards. The Committee shall review the
Companys earnings
44
releases and the types of financial information and earnings guidance periodically presented to
analysts and rating agencies to the extent required by law or listing standards. The Committee
shall also discuss the results of the Independent Auditors review of the Companys quarterly
financial information conducted in accordance with Statement of Auditing Standards No. 71.
5. The Committee shall annually review the experience and qualifications of senior management
personnel involved in the Companys internal audit activity. In the event the Company does not
have an internal audit department, and elects to have a third party internal audit contractor, the
Committee shall also be responsible for the engagement, evaluation and termination of any such
third party internal audit contractor, and it shall approve all fees to be paid to contractor.
6. The Committee shall review with the Companys Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial
Officer, and other Company officers as necessary, the Companys disclosure controls and procedures
and shall review periodically, but not less frequently than quarterly, managements conclusions
about the efficacy of such disclosure controls and procedures, including any deficiencies in, or
material non-compliance with, such controls and procedures.
7. The Committee shall be solely and directly responsible for the appointment of the Independent
Auditors and, where appropriate, for their termination and replacement (subject to stockholder
ratification). The Committee shall pre-approve all audit services and permitted non-audit services
to be performed for the Company by its Independent Auditors. The Committee shall also be directly
responsible for the oversight of the work performed by the Independent Auditors, and for resolution
of any disagreements between management and the Independent Auditors regarding financial reporting.
The Independent Auditors shall report directly to the Committee.
The Committee has the sole and direct responsibility and authority necessary to determine and
approve the amount of funding that the Company will provide for payment of (i) compensation or fees
to the Independent Advisors for their services or to any other registered public accounting firm
engaged for the purpose of preparing or issuing an audit report or performing other audit, review
or attest services for the Company, (ii) compensation to any advisers employed by the Committee as
it determines necessary to carry out its duties, and (iii) ordinary administrative expenses of the
Committee that are necessary or appropriate in carrying out its duties.
The Committee may delegate authority to one or more members of the Committee to pre-approve audit
and permitted non-audit services (including pre-approval of fees), provided that the approvals
granted by such persons are reviewed with the full Committee at its next scheduled meeting. The
Independent Auditors shall not be engaged to perform any non-audit services prohibited by law,
listing standards or SEC regulations.
8. On not less than an annual basis, the Committee shall obtain and review a formal written
statement of independence from the Independent Auditors which describes all relationships between
the Independent Auditors and the Company relevant to applicable independence standards, including
Independence Standards Board Standard 1. The Committee shall actively engage in a dialogue with
the Independent Auditors with respect to any disclosed relationships that may impact the
objectivity and independence of the auditor, and take or recommend to the full Board to take such
action as it may deem necessary to satisfy itself that the Independent Auditors are independent.
9. The Committee shall evaluate the performance of the Independent Auditors annually. In doing so,
the Committee shall consult with management and shall obtain and review a report from the
Independent Auditors describing: (i) all relationships between the Independent Auditors and the
Company, (ii) the internal quality control procedures of the Independent Auditors, and (iii) any
material issues raised by the most recent internal quality control review, or peer review, of the
Independent Auditors, or by any inquiry or investigation by governmental or professional
authorities within the preceding five years in respect of one or more independent audits conducted
by the Independent Auditors, and any steps taken to deal with such issues.
10. The Committee shall discuss with the internal auditor and the Independent Auditors the overall
scope and plans for their respective audits, including the adequacy of staffing and other factors
that may affect the effectiveness and timeliness of such audits. In this connection, the Committee
shall discuss with management, the internal auditor and the Independent Auditors the Companys
major risk exposures (whether financial, operating or otherwise), the adequacy and effectiveness of
the Companys accounting, financial, and disclosure controls, and the
45
steps management has taken to monitor and control such exposures, including the Companys risk
assessment and risk management policies. The Committee shall review with management and the
Independent Auditors any management annual internal control report, and the attestation of such
report by the Independent Auditors. Management and the internal auditor shall report promptly to
the Committee regarding any significant deficiencies in the design or operation of the Companys
internal controls, material weaknesses in internal controls and any fraud (regardless of
materiality) involving persons having a significant role in the internal controls, as well as any
significant changes in internal controls implemented by management during the most recent reporting
period of the Company.
11. Following completion of the annual audit, the Committee shall review with each of (a) the
Independent Auditors, (b) the Chief Financial Officer, (c) the Corporate Controller and (d)
appropriate member(s) of the internal accounting department, and management any significant issues
encountered during the course of the audit, the Companys internal processes and controls and
compliance therewith; and any management letter provided by the auditors and the Companys response
to that letter. Such review with the Independent Auditors shall include a description of the
difficulties encountered, including any restrictions on the scope of activities or access to
required information, any disagreements with management regarding generally accepted accounting
principles and other matters, material adjustments to the financial statements recommended by the
Independent Auditors and adjustments that were proposed but passed, regardless of materiality.
12. The Committee shall review periodically with management, the internal auditor and the
Independent Auditors the effect of new or proposed regulatory and accounting initiatives, as well
as off-balance sheet structures and any financial measures that exclude amounts normally included
(or include amounts normally excluded) in comparable calculations made according to generally
accepted accounting principles, on the Companys financial statements and other public disclosures.
13. The Committee shall produce the report required to be included in the Companys annual proxy
statement, all in accordance with applicable rules and regulations.
14. The Committee shall approve guidelines for the Companys hiring of former employees of the
Independent Auditors, which shall meet the requirements of applicable law and listing standards.
15. The Committee has the responsibility and authority and shall establish procedures for the
receipt, retention and treatment of complaints received by the Company regarding accounting,
internal accounting controls or auditing matters and the confidential, anonymous submission by
employees of the Company of concerns regarding questionable accounting or auditing matters.
16. The Committee shall review and approve (a) all of the Companys transactions in which any of
the following have a direct or indirect material interest: (i) directors, nominees for director or
executive officers, (ii) any member of the immediate family of any such persons and (iii) any
person or entity known to hold of record or beneficially more than five percent (5%) of any
class of the Companys securities, and (b) any other related party transactions involving the
Company or any of its subsidiaries.
17. The Committee shall periodically review with management and the Independent Auditors any
correspondence with, or action by, regulators or government agencies and any employee complaints or
published reports that raise concerns regarding the Companys financial statements, accounting or
auditing matters or compliance with the Companys business ethics and information security
policies. The Committee shall also meet periodically with the General Counsel and other
appropriate legal staff of the Company to review any legal matter that could have a significant
impact on the Companys financial statements.
18. The Committee shall be responsible for evaluating its performance no less frequently than
annually, and presenting the results of its assessment to the Board.
19. The Committee may delegate any of its responsibilities to one or more members of the Committee.
20. The Committee shall also carry out such other duties as may be delegated to it by the Board
from time to time.
46
V. REPORTS
The Committee together with the Secretary shall maintain a record of any actions taken by it. The
Committee shall periodically report to the Board on its actions and findings. The Committee shall
be responsible for the preparation of any reports required by law or requested by the Board.
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Supersedes Previous Charter Dated May 20, 2003. |
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The Board of Directors recommends a vote FOR Items 1, 2, and 3.
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Please
Mark Here
for Address
Change or
Comments
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SEE REVERSE SIDE |
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ITEM 1 Election of Directors
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Nominees: |
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FOR |
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AGAINST |
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ABSTAIN |
FOR all nominees
listed at right
(except as marked
to the contrary)
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WITHHOLD
AUTHORITY
to vote for all nominees
listed at right
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01 Henry F. Blissenbach, 02 Alexander D. Cross,
03 John Groom, 04 Irving S. Johnson,
05 John W. Kozarich, 06 Daniel S. Loeb, 07 Carl C. Peck,
08 Jeffrey R. Perry, 09 Brigette Roberts,
10 David E. Robinson, 11 Michael A. Rocca
WITHHELD FOR: (Write that nominees name in the
space provided below):
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ITEM 2
ITEM 3
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Amendment of
2002 Stock
Incentive Plan
Appointment of
Independent
registered
accounting firm
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FOR
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AGAINST
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ABSTAIN
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Choose MLinkSM for fast, easy and secure 24/7 online access
to your future proxy materials, investment plan statements,
tax documents and more. Simply log on to Investor
ServiceDirect® at www.melloninvestor.com/isd where
step-by-step instructions will prompt you through enrollment. |
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Check here if you
plan to attend the
annual meeting |
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NOTE: Please sign as name appears hereon. Joint owners should each sign. When signing as
attorney, executor, administrator, trustee or guardian, please give full title as such. If signing
for a corporation, give your title. When shares are in the names of more than one person, each
should sign.
5 FOLD AND DETACH HERE 5
Vote by Internet or Telephone or Mail
24 Hours a Day, 7 Days a Week
Internet and telephone voting is available through 11:59 PM Eastern Time
the day prior to annual meeting day.
Your
Internet or telephone vote authorizes the named proxies to vote your shares in the same manner
as if you marked, signed and returned your proxy card.
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Internet |
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http://www.proxyvoting.com/lgnd |
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Use the Internet to vote your
proxy. Have your proxy card in hand
when you access the web site.
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Telephone |
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1-866-540-5760 |
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Use any touch-tone telephone
to vote your proxy. Have your proxy
card in hand when you call.
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Mail |
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Mark, sign and date your proxy card and return it in the enclosed postage-paid envelope.
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If you vote your proxy by Internet or by telephone,
you do NOT need to mail back your proxy card.
You can view the Annual Report and Proxy Statement on the
internet at www.ligand.com on the Investor Relations page
PROXY
THIS PROXY IS SOLICITED ON BEHALF OF THE BOARD OF DIRECTORS OF
LIGAND PHARMACEUTICALS INCORPORATED
The undersigned hereby appoints David E. Robinson and Warner R. Broaddus, as proxies, jointly
and severally, with full power of substitution to vote all shares of stock which the undersigned is
entitled to vote at the Annual Meeting of Stockholders of Ligand Pharmaceuticals Incorporated to be
held at 9:00 a.m. local time at the La Jolla Marriott located at 4240 La Jolla Village Drive, La
Jolla, California, 92037 on Tuesday, January 31, 2006, or at any postponements of adjournments
thereof, as specified on the reverse side, and to vote in their discretion on such other business
as may properly come before the Meeting and any adjournments thereof.
(Continued and to be marked, dated and signed, on the other side)
Address Change/Comments (Mark the corresponding box on the reverse side)
5 FOLD AND DETACH HERE 5