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UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-KSB
[X] ANNUAL REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE FISCAL YEAR ENDED DECEMBER 31, 2007
[ ] TRANSITION REPORT UNDER SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
FOR THE TRANSITION PERIOD FROM TO
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(Name of small business issuer in its charter)
NEVADA | 000-28423 | 58-2541997 |
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization) | Commission File No. | (I.R.S. Employer Identification Number) |
30 Metcalfe St., Suite 620, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada |
| K1P 5L4 |
(Address of principal executive offices) |
| (Zip Code) |
Issuers telephone number: 613-230-7211
Securities registered under Section 12(b) of the Exchange Act: none
Securities registered under Section 12(g) of the Exchange Act: Common Stock, par value $.001 per share.
Check whether the issuer is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act [ ]
Check whether the issuer (1) filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Exchange Act during the past 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. YES [X] NO [ ]
Check if there is no disclosure of delinquent filers in response to Item 405 of Regulation S-B contained in this form, and no disclosure will be contained, to the best of the registrants knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-KSB or any amendment to this Form 10-KSB. [ X ]
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes [ ] No [X]
State issuers revenues for its most recent fiscal year. $
NIL
The aggregate market value of the voting and non-voting common equity held by non-affiliates computed by reference to the average between the closing bid ($0.03) and asked ($0.03) price of the issuers Common Stock as of March 31, 2008, was $1,376,768, based upon the average between the closing bid and asked price ($0.03) multiplied by the 45,892,278 shares of the issuers Common Stock held by non-affiliates. (In computing this number, issuer has assumed all record holders of greater than 5% of the common equity and all directors and officers are affiliates of the issuer.)
The number of shares outstanding of each of the issuers classes of common equity as of March 31, 2008: 54,231,943.
DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE: None.
Transitional Small Business Disclosure Format: Yes [ ] No [X]
SEC 2337 (11-06) | Persons who potentially are to respond to the collection of information contained in this form are not required to respond unless the form displays a currently valid OMB control number. |
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VALIDIAN CORPORATION
Form 10-KSB
December 31, 2007
Table of Contents
Page No.
Cautionary Notice Regarding Forward-Looking Statements
3
Part I
Item 1.
Description of Business.
4
Item 2.
Description of Properties.
18
Item 3.
Legal Proceedings.
18
Item 4.
Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders.
19
Part II
Item 5.
Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters
20
Item 6.
Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation.
22
Item 7.
Financial Statements.
32
Item 8.
Changes In and Disagreement With Accountants on Accounting and
Financial Disclosure.
73
Item 8A.
Controls and Procedures.
73
Item 8B.
Other Information
75
Part III
Item 9.
Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons: Compliance
with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.
76
Item 10.
Executive Compensation.
77
Item 11.
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management
and Related Stockholder Matters
79
Item 12.
Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
81
Item 13.
Exhibits.
82
Item 14
Principal Accountant Fees and Services.
84
Signatures
85
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CAUTIONARY NOTICE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
We caution readers that certain important factors may affect our actual results and could cause such results to differ materially from any forward-looking statements that we make in this report. For this purpose, any statements that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. This report contains statements that constitute "forward-looking statements." These forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of predictive, future-tense or forward-looking terminology, such as "believes," "anticipates," "expects," "estimates," "plans," "may," "will," or similar terms. These statements appear in a number of places in this report and include statements regarding our intent, belief or current expectations with respect to many things. Some of these things are:
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trends affecting our financial condition or results of operations for our limited history;
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our business and growth strategies;
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our technology;
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the Internet; and
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our financing plans.
We caution readers that any such forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance and involve significant risks and uncertainties. In fact, actual results most likely will differ materially from those projected in the forward-looking statements as a result of various factors. Some factors that could adversely affect actual results and performance include:
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our limited operating history;
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our lack of sales to date;
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our future requirements for additional capital funding;
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the failure of our technology and products to perform as specified;
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the discontinuance of growth in the use of the Internet;
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the enactment of new adverse government regulations; and
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the development of better technology and products by others.
The information contained in the following sections of this report identify important additional factors that could materially adversely affect actual results and performance:
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"Part I. Item 1. Description of Business" especially the disclosures set out under the heading "Risk Factors"; and
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"Part II. Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation"
You should carefully consider and evaluate all of these factors. In addition, we do not undertake to update forward-looking statements after we file this report with the SEC, even if new information, future events or other circumstances have made them incorrect or misleading.
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PART I
Item 1. Description of Business.
Summary
Validian Corporation provides software products to assist public and private enterprises address the increasingly complex issues surrounding application security. Validian ASITM is an application-security software system that helps to protect the exchange of information at the application layer, where the majority of breaches occur, and helps to protect mission-critical applications against hack attacks and unauthorized access, which often occur at the application. Validian ASI makes secure data exchange among applications, including distributed applications, straightforward and affordable for any organization, regardless of size and resources. Validian ASI facilitates security audit compliance and assurance, whether mandated by government, industry or internal policy; helps to prevent impersonation through application authentication and authorization; delivers confidentiality through application authentication and authorization; and delivers confidentiality through end-to-end encryption of all exchanges, so that data never travels in the clear. Incorporated in the United States, Validian has offices in the United States and Canada.
Our Technology
Our technology is based upon our intellectual property and was used to develop our products.
Our Intellectual Property
Our intellectual property includes an addressing scheme, an authentication process and a key exchange process for all parties to a communication, thus offering an authentication model for secure data exchanges. It also includes an encryption function using standard algorithms that encrypts data from within an originating application and decrypts the data within the receiving application.
Our technology provides benefits, by enabling users:
*
to integrate security and transport in all communication and document exchanges through an integrated approach; and
*
to develop and use existing interactive, distributed applications (like e-commerce, e-banking, e-health and e-loyalty) with an integrated security model.
Based on this technology, we have developed the products described below.
Target Market
Our business strategy is to license our technology either directly or through distribution channels to medium to large organizations that develop, market, sell, distribute or use software products where interaction with a distributed customer, employee and/or partner base is essential. This includes:
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IT departments that serve their organization with a variety of applications and implementation environments, according to the needs of the various internal departments. This implies writing applications to ensure the security of communication between applications and over distributed networks; and
*
independent software vendors and developers serving a relatively large group of customers, on a regional or national basis and who must respond to a variety of conditions and platforms, as imposed by their customers in specific industrial sectors and secure the exchanges between their customers partners, suppliers and other participants.
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Potential customer industrial sectors include, among others:
*
post-production houses, studios and production companies in the digital media industry;
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transportation industry;
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manufacturers in supply management chains;
*
health care providers and suppliers;
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governments;
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financial institutions and insurance companies; and
*
software distribution services.
Marketing Strategy and Distribution Channels
We have initiated a marketing program in North America to bring our products to the marketplace. This program has two components: direct and channel sales.
Direct Sales
The direct sales approach entails making high-level contacts within the organizations of target customers to present the benefits and competitive advantages of our products. Leads to such presentations are generated through existing contacts of management and sales representatives, and through attendance at and participation in specialized e-commerce and computer security trade shows, and the presentation of the benefits of our products in technical seminars attended by personnel with a mandate for application security.
Channel Sales
In order to penetrate the market for our products, we are attempting to partner with value-added resellers ("VARs"), independent marketing representatives (IMRs), system integrators (SIs), independent software vendors (ISVs) and application service providers (ASPs). Potential partners are identified based upon their ability to penetrate specific markets more easily than we can. We believe major customers also will act as VARs in their sector.
Sales representatives and sales agents are promoting our products within these two channels. The representatives are responding to queries and expressions of interest from those interested in becoming early adopters of our working models. These early customers and distributors may have an impact on the product development schedule, as we will develop interfaces with users existing systems in response to their feedback and individual requirements.
Currently, we have agreements with VARs and IMRs in the U.S.
Marketing Analysis
During the year ended December 31, 2007, we utilized the services of industry specialists in the health care, government and entertainment sectors. Their mandate was to identify specific areas and a limited number of organizations where our products would facilitate secure communication and the implementation of a strong security infrastructure with ease of deployment and management.
To support our sales force and these specialists, we have developed technical literature on the following topics:
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security;
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features and benefits;
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integration into current systems;
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openness of the architecture;
*
future developments; and
*
implementation procedures.
Estimated Sales Cycles
We expect that individual sales cycles will be from four to eight months in duration. The territories where most potential customers reside are expected to be in North America, Europe and Asia Pacific. We retained two sales representatives during the third quarter of 2002. At March 30, 2008 we had one sales representative.
Marketing Expenses
The main expense factors for our marketing campaign are for:
*
personnel, both internal and outside specialists;
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direct marketing to potential customers;
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participation in trade shows;
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travel and living expenses;
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web site development and maintenance; and
*
literature preparation and distribution.
For more information, please see "Part II. Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation; Plan of Operations.
Our Products
Currently, we offer three main products on a commercial basis.
Our Application Security Infrastructure (ASI)
Our ASI is an application security framework for securing data transport between distributed applications and Web services. ASI is specifically designed to secure communication between distributed applications and distributed networks. It automatically manages all critical security functions for any application, including authentication, encryption, key generation, key distribution, addressing and data transport. ASI delivers messages and files to, and only to, the target destination, and data never travels in the clear at any time between applications.
Supplemental to our ASI product, we offer a Software Development Kit (SDK), for rapidly and simply securing data transport between applications through ASI. The SDK includes a complete, integrated and built-in set of control, transport and security features, which are automatically inherited by any applications linked to ASI through the SDK. Application developers who use the Validian SDK do not have to learn and master any of the various transport and security products or mechanisms to implement security on their applications. Our SDK establishes low-level IP addresses and ports, and implements complex security features automatically. This provides the application with a complete communication security chain, as the ASI protection initiates from within the originating application and transports data to within the destination application. The SDK is offered free of charge to qualified developers and system integrators.
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Our Secure Send & Receive (SSR)
Our Secure Send & Receive product transforms a users desktop or mobile PC into a secure communication facility for uploading sensitive, proprietary information to a shared repository. The solution also transforms any server into an efficient download manager that simplifies the distribution of proprietary files to authorized users. Our SSR protects file exchanges against malicious interference, interception by rogue applications and unwanted leaks.
Our Biometric Media Seal (BMS)
Our Biometric Media Seal product is designed and developed specifically to prevent hacking, theft and piracy of digital media including films, videos, television programs and music during the production and post-production process.
Our BMS solution enables post-production houses, studios and production companies:
*
to authenticate project workers using fingerprint signatures;
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to store media files in encrypted form on portable media storage drives;
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to transfer encrypted media files of any size and any format between
authenticated workers and/or reviewers across the Internet;
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to track media file activity such as create, rename, modify, transfer and
delete, transparently and in real-time over the Internet; and
*
to set universal policies which govern security and tracking levels applied on a
per project basis.
Competition
There are different competitors for the ASI, SSR and BMS markets.
ASI competition
Our ASI product competes primarily with the products described below.
VPN
Virtual Private Networks (VPN) is a technology that ensures a secure communication link between two devices linked to the Internet or any communication network. This type of network security ensures that between those two hardware devices, the data cannot be intercepted and tampered with.
The main supplier of VPN is Check Point Software Technologies Ltd., but a number of suppliers are also offering competing products.
PKI
Public Key Infrastructure (PKI) is a sophisticated method of authenticating communicating parties by providing each party with a set of two uniquely linked keys, one private key that is kept by the party and one public key that is published for every one to see. When communicating, messages are encrypted with the private key of the sender and decrypted by the receiver using the public key of the sender. Since both keys are mathematically linked, the receiver is assured that the message is coming from that sender and nobody else.
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This exchange mechanism has been extended to protect more applications but we believe that its implementation on a large scale for distributed environments proves difficult and costly. The main suppliers of PKI include Entrust and Verisign.
SSL
Secure Socket Layer (SSL) is a browser level protection offered by Netscape and Microsoft and incorporated in most browsers. SSL establishes a secure connection from a server to a browser requesting access to an application on this server. SSL is an industry standard widely used across a large number of platforms and systems. However, we believe that it relies on a rather weak authentication model, because the browser is not authenticated by the server, which introduces a risk of impersonation.
SSR Competition
File transfer protocol (FTP) is freeware available to organizations that dont require security controls. Secure FTP provides minimal file protection. A number of companies compete in the growing secure file transfer market space, including Tumbleweed Communications, Proginet Corporation, Aspera, Inc. and Radiance Technologies.
BMS Competition
To date, the only productized competition we are aware of in the digital media industry is the Aspera solution, which focuses on file transfer speed for large files. We are not aware of an integrated solution featuring biometric access control and file tracking and logging.
Research and Development
We spent the following amounts during the periods mentioned on research and development activities:
Year ended December 31, | |
2007 | 2006 |
|
|
$849,020 | $1,125,285 |
For more information, see: "Part II. Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operation - Plan of Operations.
Intellectual Property Protection
We rely on common law and statutory protection of trade secrets and confidentiality agreements. We claim copyright in specific software products and various elements of our core technology. We have registered trademarks in North America and in Europe to cover the Flash Communicator product and the generic term of FlashWare, as well as some graphic identification and the Validian name itself.
Our intellectual property includes an addressing scheme, an authentication process and a key exchange process for all parties to a communication, thus offering a strong trust model for secure exchanges. It also includes an encryption function using standard algorithms that encrypts data from within an originating application and decrypts within the receiving application.
We believe, but we cannot assure, that our technology and its implementation may be patentable. We have filed patent applications covering certain aspects of our products in the U.S., Canada and the European Union. Further applications may be made in other countries, as and when we penetrate new markets. We have defined migration paths for the various products and developed schedules for that migration. This
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defines the requirement for additional patent, trademarks and copyright protection, which we plan to apply for as required in order to prevent unauthorized use of our technology.
We cannot assure that we will be able to obtain or to maintain the foregoing intellectual property protection. We also cannot assure that our technology does not infringe upon the intellectual property rights of others. In the event that we are unable to obtain the foregoing protection or our technology infringes intellectual property rights of others, our business and results of operations could be materially and adversely affected. For more information please see Risk Factors - We may not be able to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, which could result in the loss of our rights, loss of business or increased costs. and Claims by third parties that we infringe upon their proprietary technology could hurt our financial condition, below.
Employees
As at December 31, 2007, we had four full-time, and 2 part-time employees and contractual personnel, including two executive officers, two sales and marketing staff, and two in administration. Five are located in Ottawa, Canada, and one is located in Washington, DC. In addition, we contract with an independent software development group in Europe, which had four individuals deployed to our contract on a full-time basis as at December 31, 2007. We also regularly engage technical consultants and independent contractors to provide specific advice or to perform certain marketing or technical tasks.
Risk Factors
Our business operations and our securities are subject to a number of substantial risks, including those described below. If any of these or other risks actually occur, our business, financial condition and operating results, as well as the trading price or value of our securities could be materially adversely affected.
Risks relating to our Business
We are a development stage company, and our limited operating history makes evaluating our business and prospects difficult.
We are a development stage company, and our limited operating history makes it difficult to evaluate our current business and prospects or to accurately predict our future revenues or results of operations. The commercial acceptance of our products is unproven and therefore we may not be able to generate a sufficient number of revenue-paying customers to sustain operations. Our revenue and income potential are unproven, and our business plan is constantly evolving. The Internet is constantly changing and software technology is constantly improving, therefore we may need to continue to modify our business plan to adapt to these changes. As a result of our being in the early stages of development, particularly in the emerging technology industry, we are more vulnerable to risks, uncertainties, expenses and difficulties than more established companies. As a result, we may never achieve profitability and we may not be able to continue operations if we cannot successfully address the risks associated with early stage development companies in emerging technologies.
We have a history of operating losses and we anticipate losses and negative cash flow for the foreseeable future. Unless we are able to generate profits and positive cash flow we may not be able to continue operations.
We incurred a net loss of $3,726,393 and negative cash flow from operations of $1,038,565 during the year ended December 31, 2007. During the year ended December 31, 2006, we incurred a net loss of
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$3,387,291 and negative cash flow from operations of $1,976,022. We expect operating losses and negative cash flow from operations to continue for the foreseeable future.
We will need to generate significant revenues to achieve profitability. Consequently, we may never achieve profitability. Even if we do achieve profitability, we may not sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis in the future. If we are unable to achieve or sustain profitability in the future, we may be unable to continue our operations. See Part II. Item 6. Managements Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations Liquidity and Capital Resources.
We have drawn readers attention to the uncertainty of our ability to continue as a going concern.
We have added an explanatory paragraph in our consolidated financial statements. It states that our ability to continue as a going concern is uncertain due to our history of operating losses and difficulty in generating operating cash flows. Our consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty. These adjustments might include changes in the possible future recoverability and classification of assets or the amounts and classification of liabilities that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
We will require additional capital to proceed with our business plan. If we are unable to obtain such capital, we will be unable to proceed with our business plan and we will be forced to limit or curtail our operations.
We have an immediate requirement for additional working capital in order to proceed with our business plan. We are currently pursuing alternatives regarding the raising of additional capital to fund operations. For a discussion of our capital requirements, see the disclosure in "Part II. Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations; Plan of Operations. We do not currently have a commitment from any third party to provide financing and may be unable to obtain financing on reasonable terms or at all. Furthermore, if we raise additional working capital through equity, our shareholders will experience dilution. If we are unable to raise additional financing in the immediate future, and thereafter as required, we will be unable to grow or maintain our current level of business operations and, in fact, we will be forced to limit or curtail our operations.
The loss of any of our key personnel would likely have an adverse effect on our business.
Our future success depends, to a significant extent, on the continued services of our key personnel. Our loss of any of these key people most likely would have an adverse effect on our business. Competition for personnel throughout the industry is intense and we may be unable to retain our current personnel or attract, integrate or retain other highly qualified personnel in the future. If we do not succeed in retaining our current personnel or in attracting and motivating new personnel, our business could be materially adversely affected.
The business environment is highly competitive and, if we do not compete effectively, we may experience material adverse effects on our operations.
The market for Internet security products and services is intensely competitive and we expect competition to increase in the future. We compete with large and small companies that provide products and services that are similar to some aspects of our security services. Our competitors may develop new technologies in the future that are perceived as being more secure, effective or cost efficient than the technology underlying our security services. In particular, the Internet security market has historically been characterized by low financial entry barriers.
Some of our competitors have longer operating histories, greater name recognition, access to larger customer bases and significantly greater financial, technical and marketing resources than we do. As a
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result, they may be able to adapt more quickly to new or emerging technologies and changes in customer requirements or to devote greater resources to the promotion and sale of their products than we will. We believe that there may be increasing consolidation in the Internet security market and this consolidation may materially adversely affect our competitive position. In addition, our competitors may have established or may establish financial or strategic relationships among themselves, with existing or potential customers, resellers or other third parties and rapidly acquire significant market share. If we cannot compete effectively, we may experience future price reductions, reduced gross margins and loss of market share, any of which will materially adversely affect our business, operating results and financial condition.
If we are unable to develop market recognition, we may be unable to generate significant revenues and our results of operations may be materially adversely affected.
To attract customers we may have to develop a market identity and increase public awareness of our technology and products. To increase market awareness of our technology and our products, we will continue to make significant expenditures for marketing initiatives. However, these activities may not result in significant revenue and, even if they do, any revenue may not offset the expenses incurred in building market recognition. Moreover, despite these efforts, we may not be able to increase public awareness of our technology and our products, which would have a material adverse effect on our results of operations.
We must establish and maintain strategic and other relationships.
One of our significant business strategies has been to enter into strategic or other similar collaborative relationships in order to reach a larger customer base than we could reach through our direct sales and marketing efforts. We may need to enter into additional relationships to execute our business plan. We may not be able to enter into additional, or maintain our existing, strategic relationships on commercially reasonable terms. If we fail to enter into additional relationships, or maintain our existing relationships, we would have to devote substantially more resources to the distribution, sale and marketing of our security services and communications services than we would otherwise.
Our success in obtaining results from these relationships will depend both on the ultimate success of the other parties to these relationships and on the ability of these parties to market our products successfully.
Furthermore, our ability to achieve future growth will also depend on our ability to continue to establish direct seller channels and to develop multiple distribution channels. Failure of one or more of our strategic relationships to result in the development and maintenance of a market for our services could harm our business. If we are unable to maintain our relationships or to enter into additional relationships, this could harm our business.
If we are unable to respond to rapid technological change and improve our products and services, our business could be materially adversely affected.
The Internet security industry is characterized by rapid technological advances, changes in customer requirements, frequent new product introductions and enhancements and evolving industry standards in computer hardware and software technology. As a result, we must continually change and improve our products in response to changes in operating systems, application software, computer and communications hardware, networking software, programming tools and computer language technology. The introduction of products embodying new technologies and the emergence of new industry standards may render existing products obsolete or unmarketable. In particular, the market for Internet and intranet applications is relatively new and is rapidly evolving. Our future operating results will depend upon our ability to enhance our current products and to develop and introduce new products on a timely basis that address the
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increasingly sophisticated needs of our end-users and that keep pace with technological developments, new competitive product offerings and emerging industry standards. If we do not respond adequately to the need to develop and introduce new products or enhancements of existing products in a timely manner in response to changing market conditions or customer requirements, our operating results may be materially diminished.
New products and services developed or introduced by us may not result in any significant revenues.
We must commit significant resources to developing new products and services before knowing whether our investments will result in products and services the market will accept. The success of new products and services depends on several factors, including proper new definition and timely completion, introduction and market acceptance. There can be no assurance that we will successfully identify new product and service opportunities, develop and bring new products and services to market in a timely manner, or achieve market acceptance of our products and services, or that products, services and technologies developed by others will not render our products, services or technologies obsolete or non-competitive. Our inability to successfully market new products and services may harm our business.
We may not be able to protect and enforce our intellectual property rights, which could result in the loss of our rights, loss of business or increased costs.
Our success depends to a significant degree upon the protection of our software and other proprietary technology. The unauthorized reproduction or other misappropriation of our proprietary technology would enable third parties to benefit from our technology without paying us for it. We rely on a combination of patent, trademark, trade secret and copyright laws, license agreements and non-disclosure and other contractual provisions to protect proprietary and distribution rights of our products. We have registered trademarks in the United States, Canada and the European Union, and we have filed one patent application for our technology in each of these jurisdictions. Although we have taken steps to protect our proprietary technology, they may be inadequate and the unauthorized use thereof could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Existing trade secret, copyright and trademark laws offer only limited protection. Moreover, the laws of other countries in which we market our products may afford little or no effective protection of our intellectual property. If we resort to legal proceedings to enforce our intellectual property rights, the proceedings could be burdensome and expensive, even if we were to prevail.
Claims by third parties that we infringe upon their proprietary technology could hurt our financial condition.
If we discover that any of our products or technology we license from third parties violates third party proprietary rights, we may not be able to reengineer our product or obtain a license on commercially reasonable terms to continue offering the product without substantial reengineering. In addition, product development is inherently uncertain in a rapidly evolving technology environment in which there may be numerous patent applications pending for similar technologies, many of which are confidential when filed. Although we sometimes may be indemnified by third parties against claims that licensed third party technology infringes proprietary rights of others, this indemnity may be limited, unavailable or, where the third party lacks sufficient assets or insurance, ineffective. We currently do not have liability insurance to protect against the risk that our technology or future licensed third party technology infringes the proprietary rights of others. Any claim of infringement, even if invalid, could cause us to incur substantial costs defending against the claim and could distract our management from our business. Furthermore, a party making such a claim could secure a judgment that requires us to pay substantial damages. A judgment could also include an injunction or other court order that could prevent us from selling our
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products. Any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our business, operating results and financial condition.
If our electronic security technology were breached, our business would be materially adversely affected.
A key element of our technology and products is our Internet security feature. If anyone is able to circumvent our security measures, they could misappropriate proprietary information or cause interruptions or problems with hardware and software of customers using our products. Any such security breaches could significantly damage our reputation. In addition, we could be liable to our customers for the damages caused by such breaches or we could incur substantial costs as a result of defending claims for those damages. We may need to expend significant capital and other resources to protect against such security breaches or to address problems caused by such breaches. Security measures taken by us may not prevent disruptions or security breaches. In the event that future events or developments result in a compromise or breach of the technology we use to protect a customer's personal information, our financial condition and business could be materially adversely affected.
We face restrictions on the exportation of our encryption technology, which could limit our ability to market our products outside of the United States, Canada and Europe.
Some of our Internet security products utilize and incorporate encryption technology. Exports of software products utilizing encryption technology are generally restricted by the United States and various other governments, particularly in response to the terrorist acts of September 11, 2001. If we do not obtain the required approvals, we may not be able to sell some of our products in international markets, which could materially adversely affect our results of operations.
Our operating results may prove unpredictable, and may fluctuate significantly.
Our operating results are likely to fluctuate significantly in the future due to a variety of factors, many of which are outside of our control. Factors which may cause operating results to fluctuate significantly include the following:
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new technology or products introduced by us or by our competitors;
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the timing and uncertainty of sales cycles and seasonal declines in sales;
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our success in marketing and market acceptance of our products and services by our existing customers and by new customers;
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a decrease in the level of spending for information technology-related products and services by our existing and potential customers; and
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general economic conditions, as well as economic conditions specific to users of our products and technology.
Our operating results may be volatile and difficult to predict. As such, future operating results may fall below the expectations of securities analysts and investors. In this event, the trading price of our common stock may fall significantly.
We expect to generate some revenues and incur some operating expenses outside of the United States. If applicable currency exchange rates fluctuate our revenues and results of operations may be materially and adversely affected.
We expect that some portion of our revenues will be based on sales provided outside of the United States. In addition, a significant portion of our operating expenses are incurred outside of the United States, and we expect that this will continue to be the case. As a result, our financial performance will be affected by fluctuations in the value of the U.S. dollar to foreign currency. At the present time, we have no plan or policy to utilize forward contracts or currency options to minimize this exposure, and even if these
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measures are implemented there can be no assurance that such arrangements will be available, be cost effective or be able to fully offset such future currency risks.
Other risks associated with international operations could adversely affect our business operations and our results of operations.
There are certain risks inherent in doing business on an international level, such as:
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unexpected changes in regulatory requirements, export and import restrictions;
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controls relating to encryption technology that may limit sales sometime in the future;
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legal uncertainty regarding liability and compliance with foreign laws;
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competition with foreign companies or other domestic companies entering into the foreign markets in which we operate;
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tariffs and other trade barriers and restrictions;
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difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations;
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longer sales and payment cycles;
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problems in collecting accounts receivable;
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political instability;
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fluctuations in currency exchange rates;
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software piracy;
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seasonal reductions in business activity during the summer months in Europe and elsewhere; and
*
potentially adverse tax consequences.
Any of these factors could adversely impact the success of our international operations. One or more of such factors may impair our future international operations and our overall financial condition and business prospects.
Risks relating to our Common Stock
Our common stock price may be volatile.
The market prices of securities of Internet and technology companies are extremely volatile and sometimes reach unsustainable levels that bear no relationship to the past or present operating performance of such companies. Factors that may contribute to the volatility of the trading price of our common stock include, among others:
*
our quarterly results of operations;
*
the variance between our actual quarterly results of operations and predictions by stock analysts;
*
financial predictions and recommendations by stock analysts concerning Internet companies and companies competing in our market in general, and concerning us in particular;
*
public announcements of technical innovations relating to our business, new products or technology by us or our competitors, or acquisitions or strategic alliances by us or our competitors;
*
public reports concerning our products or technology or those of our competitors; and
*
the operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors or stock analysts may deem comparable to us.
In addition to the foregoing factors, the trading prices for equity securities in the stock market in general, and of Internet-related companies in particular, have been subject to wide fluctuations that may be
14
unrelated to the operating performance of the particular company affected by such fluctuations. Consequently, broad market fluctuations may have an adverse effect on the trading price of our common stock, regardless of our results of operations.
There is a limited market for our common stock. If a substantial and sustained market for our common stock does not develop, our shareholders' ability to sell their shares may be materially and adversely affected.
Our common stock trades in the over-the-counter market and is quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board. Many institutional and other investors refuse to invest in stocks that are traded at levels below the Nasdaq Small Cap Market which could make our efforts to raise capital more difficult. In addition, the firms that make a market for our common stock could discontinue that role. OTC Bulletin Board stocks are often lightly traded or not traded at all on any given day. We cannot predict whether a more active market for our common stock will develop in the future. In the absence of an active trading market:
*
investors may have difficulty buying and selling or obtaining market quotations;
*
market visibility for our common stock may be limited; and
*
a lack of visibility for our common stock may have a depressive effect on the market price for our common stock.
Shares issuable upon the exercise of options, warrants and convertible debentures, or under anti-dilution provisions in certain agreements, could dilute stock holdings and adversely affect our stock price.
We have issued options and warrants to acquire common stock to our employees and certain other persons at various prices, some of which have, or may in the future have, exercise prices at or below the market price of our stock. As of March 31, 2008, we have outstanding options and warrants to purchase a total of 11,483,333 shares of our common stock, of which 4,850,000 have exercise prices above the recent market price of $0.03 per share, and 6,633,333 have exercise prices at or below that price (as of March 31, 2008). If exercised, these options and warrants will cause immediate and possibly substantial dilution to our stockholders.
We have two existing stock option plans, one of which had 1,205,000 shares remaining for issuance as of March 31, 2008, the second of which had 4,595,000 shares remaining for issuance as of March 31, 2008. Future options issued under these plans may have further dilutive effects.
Issuance of shares pursuant to the exercise of options, warrants, or anti-dilution provisions, could lead to subsequent sales of the shares in the public market, which could depress the market price of our stock by creating an excess in supply of shares for sale. Issuance of these shares and sale of these shares in the public market could also impair our ability to raise capital by selling equity securities.
A large number of shares will be eligible for future sale and may depress our stock price.
As of March 31, 2008, we had outstanding 54,231,943 shares of common stock, of which approximately 16,771,115 shares were "restricted securities" as that term is defined under Rule 144 promulgated under the Securities Act of 1933. These restricted shares are eligible for sale under Rule 144 at various times, upon the expiry of the applicable holding period. No prediction can be made as to the effect, if any, that sales of shares of common stock or the availability of such shares for sale will have on the market prices prevailing from time to time. Nevertheless, the possibility that substantial amounts of our common stock may be sold in the public market may adversely affect prevailing market prices for the common stock and could impair our ability to raise capital through the sale of our equity securities.
15
We do not intend to pay dividends in the near future.
Our board of directors determines whether to pay dividends on our issued and outstanding shares. The declaration of dividends will depend upon our future earnings, our capital requirements, our financial condition and other relevant factors. Our board does not intend to declare any dividends on our shares for the foreseeable future.
Our common stock may be deemed to be a "penny stock." As a result, trading of our shares may be subject to special requirements that could impede our shareholders' ability to resell their shares.
Our common stock may be deemed to be a "penny stock" as that term is defined in Rule 3a51-1 of the Securities and Exchange Commission. Penny stocks include stocks:
*
that are not traded on a national securities exchange that has been continuously registered since April 20, 1992 and has maintained quantitative initial and continued listing standards that are substantially similar to or stricter than the listing standards in place at January 8, 2004;
*
that are not traded on a securities exchange, a junior tier of an exchange or an automated quotation system sponsored by a registered national securities association that has established initial listing standards that meet or exceed specified criteria an maintains similar quantitative continued listing standards; or:
*
whose prices are not quoted on the NASDAQ automated quotation system ; or
*
of issuers with net tangible assets less than:
*
$2,000,000 if the issuer has been in continuous operation for at least three years; or
*
$5,000,000 if in continuous operation for less than three years, or
*
of issuers with average revenues of less than $6,000,000 for the last three years.
Section 15(g) of the Exchange Act, and Rule 15g-2 of the Securities and Exchange Commission, require broker-dealers dealing in penny stocks to provide potential investors with a document disclosing the risks of penny stocks not less than two business days before a transaction is effected, and to obtain a manually signed and dated written receipt of the document before effecting any transaction in a penny stock for the investor's account. Moreover, Rule 15g-9 of the Securities and Exchange Commission requires broker-dealers in penny stocks to approve the account of any investor for transactions in such stocks before selling any penny stock to that investor. This procedure requires the broker-dealer:
*
to obtain from the investor information concerning his or her financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives;
*
to determine reasonably, based on that information, that transactions in penny stocks are suitable for the investor and that the investor has sufficient knowledge and experience as to be reasonably capable of evaluating the risks of penny stock transactions;
*
to provide, not less than two business days before a transaction is effected, the investor with a written statement setting forth the basis on which the broker-dealer made the determination in the second bullet above; and
*
to receive a signed and dated copy of such statement from the investor, confirming that it accurately reflects the investor's financial situation, investment experience and investment objectives.
Compliance with these requirements may make it more difficult for holders of our common stock to resell their shares to third parties or to otherwise dispose of them.
16
Our current executive officers, directors and major stockholders own a significant percentage of our voting stock. As a result, they exercise significant control over our business affairs and policy.
As of March 31, 2008, our current executive officers, directors and holders of 5% or more of our outstanding common stock together beneficially owned approximately 18% of the outstanding common stock if they exercised all of the options and warrants held by them. These stockholders are able to significantly influence all matters requiring approval by stockholders, including the election of directors and the approval of significant corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may also have the effect of delaying, deterring or preventing a change in control and may make some transactions more difficult or impossible to complete without the support of these shareholders.
Our restated articles of incorporation contain provisions that could discourage an acquisition or change of control of our company.
Our restated articles of incorporation authorize our board of directors to issue preferred stock without stockholder approval. Provisions of our certificate of incorporation, such as the provision allowing our board of directors to issue preferred stock with rights more favorable than our common stock, could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire control of us, even if that change of control might benefit our stockholders.
We currently do not have an effective system of internal controls, and therefore we may not be able to detect fraud or report our financial results accurately, which could harm our business.
Effective internal controls are necessary for us to provide reliable financial reports and to detect and prevent fraud. We periodically assess our system of internal controls to review their effectiveness and identify potential areas of improvement. These assessments may conclude that enhancements, modifications or changes to our system of internal controls are necessary. Performing assessments of internal controls, implementing necessary changes, and maintaining an effective internal controls process is expensive and requires considerable management attention. Internal control systems are designed in part upon assumptions regarding the likelihood of future events, and all such systems, however well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable, and not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the system are met. A consequence of these and other inherent limitations of control systems is that there can be no assurance that any design will succeed in achieving its stated goals under all potential future conditions, regardless of how remote. If we fail to implement and maintain an effective system of internal controls or prevent fraud, we could suffer losses, could be subject to costly litigation, investors could lose confidence in our reported financial information, and our image and operating results could be harmed, which could have a negative effect on the trading price of our common stock.
In connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007, our independent registered public accounting firm advised the Board of Directors and management of certain significant internal control deficiencies that they consider to be, in aggregate, a material weakness. In particular, our independent registered public accounting firm identified the following weaknesses in our internal control system: (1) a lack of segregation of duties; and (2) the lack of timely preparation of certain back up schedules. Due to the size and resources of our company we may not be able to remediate in the foreseeable future all of the deficiencies identified. If we are unable to remediate the identified material weaknesses, there is a more than remote likelihood that a material misstatement to our SEC reports will not be prevented or detected, in which case investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to raise additional capital and could also have an adverse effect on our stock price.
17
We may have difficulty implementing in a timely manner the internal controls procedures necessary to allow our management to report on the effectiveness of our internal controls, and we may incur substantial costs in order to comply with the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
The Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 has introduced many new requirements applicable to us regarding corporate governance and financial reporting. Among many other requirements is the requirement under Section 404 of the Act for management to report on our internal controls over financial reporting. We are required to comply with Section 404 effective the fiscal year ending December 31, 2007. Although our management has begun the necessary processes and procedures for issuing its report on our internal controls, we cannot be certain that we will be successful in complying with Section 404. We expect to devote substantial time and incur costs during fiscal 2007 and 2008 to implement appropriate controls and procedures to ensure compliance. If we are not able to timely comply with the requirements set forth in Section 404, we might be subject to sanctions or investigations by regulatory authorities. Any such action could adversely affect our business and financial results.
Our Corporate History
We were incorporated in Nevada on April 12, 1989 as CCC Funding Corp. to seek out one or more potential business ventures. On January 28, 2003, we changed our name from Sochrys.com Inc. to Validian Corporation.
Item 2. Description of Properties.
Our Canadian office is located at 30 Metcalfe St., Suite 620, Ottawa, Canada, K1P 5L4. The telephone number is (613) 230-7211. Our United States office is located at 4651 Roswell Road, Suite B-106, Atlanta, Georgia 30342, telephone number (404) 256-1963.
Our Ottawa office is leased from a non-affiliated party under a long-term operating lease. The lease provides shared access to and use of 3,287 square feet. Our Atlanta office is leased from a non-affiliated party per oral arrangement on a month-by-month basis. The lease provides shared access to and use of 1,000 square feet.
Item 3. Legal Proceedings.
On December 31, 2006, Dr. Andre Maisonneuve retired from the Corporation. On December 21, 2006, Dr. Maisonneuve commenced legal action against the Corporation at Ontario Superior Court of Justice in Ottawa, Canada, seeking approximately $51,732 in unpaid salary claimed to be owed to him at the date of his retirement, plus costs with respect to collecting the amount due. We contested this action, and on January 29, 2008, an out of court settlement for $34,727 was reached. Legal fees of $10,238 relating to this action have been included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007. Additional costs of $1,476 relating to this action were incurred in January 2008. A liability for unpaid salary of $50,950, and employee expense reimbursements of $782 have been included in accrued liabilities and accounts payable, respectively, at December 31, 2007.
18
Item 4. Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security holders.
We held our 2006 Annual General Meeting of the Stockholders on October 4, 2007. At that meeting we submitted the following matters to a vote of our stockholders.
Election of two directors of the Corporation. Mr. Bruce Benn and Mr. Ronald Benn were elected as directors of the Corporation.
To consider and vote upon a proposal to amend the Corporations Restated Articles of Incorporation, to increase the number of shares of the Corporations common stock, par value $0.001 per share, authorized for issuance from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000, and to increase the number of the Corporations preferred stock from 7,000,000 to 50,000,000. This matter was passed by a majority of the shares eligible to vote.
To consider and vote upon a proposal to approve the Corporations 2004 Amended Incentive Equity Plan, which amends and restates the Corporations 2004 Incentive Equity Plan to, among other things, increase the maximum number of stock options that may be granted from 3,087,698 to 6,087,698, and to increase the maximum number of stock options that may be granted to any one participant from 2,000,000 to 3,000,000. There are additional amendments that will bring the 2004 Amended Incentive Equity Plan into compliance with current regulations. This matter was passed by a majority of the shares eligible to vote.
To consider and act upon a proposal to ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as independent certified public accountants of the Corporation for 2007. This matter was passed by a majority of the shares eligible to vote.
19
PART II
Item 5. Market for Common Equity and Related Stockholder Matters.
(a)
Market Information -- The principal U.S. market in which our common stock, all of which are of one class, $.001 par value per share, is traded is in the over-the-counter market. Our stock is quoted on the OTC Bulletin Board under the symbol VLDI.
The following table sets forth the range of high and low bid quotes of our common stock for the periods noted as reported by the OTC Bulletin Board. These quotes reflect inter-dealer prices without retail mark-up, markdown or commission and may not necessarily represent actual transactions.
MARKET PRICE OF COMMON STOCK
| BID | |
Quarter Ending | High | Low |
2006 |
|
|
January 1 to March 31 | 0.37 | 0.11 |
April 1 to June 30 | 0.30 | 0.11 |
July 1 to September 30 | 0.17 | 0.08 |
October 1 to December 31 | 0.10 | 0.07 |
2007 |
|
|
January 1 to March 31 | 0.12 | 0.04 |
April 1 to June 30 | 0.09 | 0.02 |
July 1 to September 30 | 0.06 | 0.02 |
October 1 to December 31 | 0.07 | 0.01 |
2008 |
|
|
January 1 to March 31 | 0.08 | 0.02 |
|
|
|
On March 31, 2008, the closing price of our common stock was $0.03 per share.
(b)
Holders -- There were approximately 186 holders of record of our common stock as of March 31, 2008, inclusive of those brokerage firms and/or clearing houses holding our securities for their clientele, with each such brokerage house and/or clearing house being considered as one holder. The aggregate number of shares of common stock outstanding as of March 31, 2008 was 54,231,943 shares.
(c)
Dividends -- We have not paid or declared any dividends upon our common stock since inception and, by reason of our present financial status and our contemplated financial requirements, we do not contemplate or anticipate paying any dividends in the foreseeable future (see Part I. Item 1. Description of Business: Risk Factors).
(d)
Sales of Unregistered Securities--During the three months ended December 31, 2007, we issued the following:
*
810,000 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $810,000 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued June 21, 2007 with the provision that the issuance of common stock in relation to the notes was
20
conditional upon the authorized capital of the Corporation being increased to at least 200,000,000 common shares. This condition was satisfied on October 4, 2007, when the increase in the Corporations authorized common stock from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000 was approved at the Corporations Annual General Meeting;
*
333,329 shares of our common stock, pursuant to the terms of $111,110 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued November 30, 2007 to accredited investors;
*
135,000 shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of $45,000 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued December 18, 2007 to an accredited investor;
*
15,000 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $5,000 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued December 27, 2007;
*
95,290 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $32,272 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued December 27, 2007;
*
506,947 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $168,982 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued December 31, 2007.
During the period from January 1 to March 31, 2008, we issued the following:
*
1,058,780 shares of our common stock in relation to the conversion of $31,763 in principal of our 10% senior convertible notes;
*
300,000 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $50,000 in principal amount of our 10% senior convertible notes, which were issued January 10, 2008;
*
3,000,000 shares of our common stock to accredited investors in consideration for consulting services to be rendered over an indefinite period;
*
200,000 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to an agreement to provide consulting services over a one year period;
*
100,000 shares of our common stock to an accredited investor pursuant to the terms of $30,000 in principal amount of our promissory notes, which were issued March 5, 2008.
.
The foregoing securities were issued in reliance upon the exemption provided by Sections 3(a)(9) or 4(2) under the Securities Act of 1933 and the rules promulgated thereunder
21
Item 6. Management's Discussion and Analysis or Plan of Operations.
General
In this section, we explain our consolidated financial condition and results of operations for the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006. As you read this section, you may find it helpful to refer to our Consolidated Financial Statements in Item 7 of this annual report.
Until we acquired our former subsidiary, Graph-O-Logic, S.A. in August 1999, we had no material or substantive business operations. Since then, our business has been as more fully described in " Part I, Item 1: Description of Business". Accordingly, in this section we focus solely on the historical business operations of the subsidiary and our current business plan and operations.
Critical Accounting Policies
We prepare our financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America. The preparation of financial statements in conformity with generally accepted accounting principles requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and related disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements, and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Significant accounting policies and methods used in preparation of the financial statements are described in note 2 to our 2007 Consolidated Financial Statements included with this Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2007. We evaluate our estimates and assumptions on a regular basis, based on historical experience and other relevant factors. Actual results could differ materially from these estimates and assumptions. The following critical accounting policies are impacted by judgments, assumptions and estimates used in preparation of our December 31, 2007 Consolidated Financial Statements.
Revenue recognition:
For sales of product licenses, the Corporation recognizes revenue in accordance with Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition (SOP 97-2), as amended by Statement of Position 98-9, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions, issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Revenue from sale of product licenses is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectibility is probable.
Revenue from product support contracts is recognized ratably over the life of the contract. Revenue from services is recognized at the time such services are rendered.
For contracts with multiple elements such as product licenses, product support and services, the Corporation follows the residual method. Under this method, the total fair value of the undelivered elements of the contract, as indicated by vendor specific objective evidence, is deferred and subsequently recognized in accordance with the provisions of SOP 97-2. The difference between the total contract fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements is recognized as revenue related to the delivered elements. Vendor specific objective evidence for support and consulting services is obtained from contracts where these elements have been sold separately. Where the Corporation cannot determine the fair value of all of the undelivered elements, revenue is deferred until such time as it can be determined, or until all of the elements are delivered.
22
Long-Lived assets:
We perform impairment tests on our long-lived assets if events or changes in circumstances indicate that an impairment loss may have occurred. We estimate the useful lives of capital assets and deferred charges based on the nature of the asset, historical experience and the terms of any supplier contracts. The valuation of long-lived assets is based on the amount of future net cash flows these assets are estimated to generate. Revenue and expense projections are based on managements estimates, including estimates of current and future industry conditions. A significant change to these assumptions could impact the estimated useful lives or valuation of long-lived assets resulting in a change to depreciation or amortization expense and impairment charges.
Research and development expenses:
We expense all of our research and development expenses in the period in which they are incurred. At such time as our products are determined to be commercially available, we will capitalize those development expenditures that are related to the maintenance of the commercial products, and amortize these capitalized expenditures over the estimated life of the commercial product. The estimated life of the commercial product will be based on managements estimates, including estimates of current and future industry conditions. A significant change to these assumptions could impact the estimated useful life of our commercial products resulting in a change to amortization expense and impairment charges.
Stock-based compensation:
Effective January 1, 2006, the Corporation adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 123R Share-Based Payment a revision of FAS 123 (SFAS 123R) to account for its stock-based payments. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments, including stock options granted by the Corporation to its employees, to be recognized as expenses, based on the fair value of the share-based payments at the date of grant. For purposes of estimating the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation, the Corporation uses the Black Scholes option-pricing model, and has elected to treat awards with graded vesting as a single award. The fair value of awards granted is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which in the Corporations circumstances is the stated vesting period of the award. Black Scholes is an approximation model.
Plan of Operations
We are a development stage enterprise. As such, our historical results of operations are unlikely to provide a meaningful understanding of the activities expected to take place during the period through December 31, 2008. Our major initiatives through December 31, 2008 are:
*
obtaining commercial sales of our products, and continuing our current marketing program;
*
developing and improving product agents to perform specialized functions common to many e-commerce sites; and
*
furthering the development of our products.
For more information, please see Part 1. Item 1: Description of Business Our Technology.
23
Sales and Marketing Plans: We started our marketing process during the second quarter of 2000, with our original focus being potential customers located in the United States and Western Europe. The potential customers and our current marketing program are more fully described in Part 1. Item 1: Description of Business - Target Market.
We will continue to focus our marketing efforts on identifying potential customers by presenting technical seminars, participating in trade shows, using the services of public relations firms, market research, the creation and dissemination of technical and commercial collateral materials, the maintenance and periodic re-design of our website, and the placement of advertisements in print and electronic publications. Subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, we plan on spending $530,000 on our marketing efforts during the year ending December 31, 2008.
Our sales representatives, who are compensated on a base compensation plus commission basis, will follow up with potential customers identified through our marketing efforts, with the objective of more fully explaining the benefits of our products and negotiating the terms of the licensing of our products. Subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, we expect to spend approximately $635,000 on our sales initiatives, including compensation and travel expenses, during the year ending December 31, 2008.
Subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, our sales and marketing expenditures for the year ending December 31, 2008 are expected to total $1,165,000.
Cost of Sales and Services: In the event that our sales efforts are successful, we will need to assist our customers in the implementation of our products. Depending on the success of our sales efforts, and subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, we expect to spend $310,000 on compensation, training and related activities during the year ending December 31, 2008.
Product Development: We plan on continuing to fund third parties to develop our key technology and related products, under the direction and management of our product management group and our senior management. For more information please see Part 1. Item 1. Description of Business - Our Technology.
We will improve and further develop our products based on responses from potential customers. The costs associated with our product development activities are primarily those currently planned and thus are subject to a high degree of control. Subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, we estimate that the cost of our product development program during the year ending December 31, 2008 will be $875,000.
24
General and Administrative Expenses: Subject to our ability to obtain adequate funding, we expect to spend $1,100,000 on general and administrative activities during the year ending December 31, 2008.
In summary, provided we are able to obtain adequate funding, we expect to spend a total of $3,450,000 for all expenses during the year ending December 31, 2008, subject to our ability to generate revenues from the licensing of our products and our ability to raise additional capital.
Since entering the development stage, we have obtained financing through the private placement of debt, convertible debentures, common stock and warrants, and through the exercise of some of these warrants. Until such time as we generate sufficient revenues from the licensing of our software applications, we will continue to be dependent on raising substantial amounts of additional capital through any one or a combination of debt offerings or equity offerings, including but not limited to:
*
debt instruments, including demand notes and convertible notes similar to those discussed below in Liquidity and Capital Resources;
*
private placements of common stock;
*
exercise of stock options at an average exercise price of $0.06 per share;
*
exercise of Series I warrants at an exercise price of $0.03 per share;
*
exercise of Series J warrants at an exercise price of $0.15 per share;
*
exercise of Series K warrants at an exercise price of $0.03 per share; or
*
funding from potential clientele or future industry partners.
25
Selected Financial Data
The selected financial data set forth below with respect to our consolidated statements of operations for each of the two fiscal years ended December 31, 2007 and with respect to the consolidated balance sheets as at December 31, 2007 and 2006, are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included at the end of this report. The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the notes thereto.
|
| Year Ended December 31 | ||
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
Operations Data |
|
|
|
|
Selling, general and administrative |
| $ 1,598,242 |
| $ 1,890,887 |
Research and development |
| 849,020 |
| 1,125,285 |
Depreciation of property and equipment |
| 30,353 |
| 61,897 |
Other expenses, net |
| 1,248,778 |
| 309,222 |
Net loss |
| $ 3,726,393 |
| $ 3,387,291 |
|
| Year Ended December 31 | ||
|
| 2007 |
| 2006 |
Cash Cash Flows Data |
|
|
|
|
Net cash used in operating activities |
| $ (1,038,565) |
| $ (1,976,022) |
Net cash used in investing activities |
| (884) |
| -- |
Net cash provided by financing activities |
| 1,036,789 |
| 1,912,609 |
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents |
| $ (2,660) |
| $ (63,413) |
|
|
|
|
|
Balance Sheet Data |
|
|
|
|
Cash |
| $ 5,120 |
| $ 7,780 |
Total current assets |
| 56,384 |
| 177,082 |
Property and equipment (net) |
| 5,503 |
| 34,971 |
Deferred financing costs |
| 70,052 |
| 169,403 |
Total assets |
| 131,939 |
| 381,456 |
Total current liabilities, including current portion |
|
|
|
|
of 10% senior convertible notes |
| 3,956,182 |
| 1,979,526 |
10% senior convertible notes - long term |
| 447,600 |
| 706,803 |
Capital lease obligation |
| 1,629 |
| 6,550 |
Stockholders deficiency |
| $ (4,271,843) |
| $ (2,306,339) |
Results of Operations
In this section, we discuss our earnings for the periods indicated and the factors affecting them that resulted in changes from one period to the other.
The fiscal year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the fiscal year ended December 31, 2006
Revenue: We completed our first commercial sale during the third quarter of 2005, however we were unable to recognize revenue in connection with this sale, as all of the criteria required for us to do so as set out in our accounting policies were not met. During April 2006 we determined that collection of the amount invoiced in connection with this sale was in jeopardy, and have recorded an allowance against the entire amount, as an offset against deferred revenue.
26
On January 1, 2006 we entered into an agreement with a Value Added Reseller (VAR), pursuant to which we granted the VAR a license to sell our software to the VARs customers for a period of three years. Our fee for this license, excluding applicable sales taxes, was $155,000, of which $151,650 has been collected. We will recognize revenue in connection with this sale once all of the criteria required for us to do so as set out in our accounting policies, have been met.
We did not make any commercial sales during the year ended December 31, 2007.
Since August 1999, we have directed all of our attention towards the completion, and sales and marketing of, our software applications. We believe that if we are successful in our development and sales and marketing efforts, we will generate a source of revenue in the future from sales and/or licensing of our software applications.
Selling, general and administrative expenses: Selling, general and administrative expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, professional fees, insurance, communication expenses, occupancy costs and other miscellaneous costs associated with supporting our research and development and sales and marketing activities. During the year ended December 31, 2007 we incurred a total of $1,598,242, including $1,153,918 in cash-based expenses and $444,324 in stock-based expenses, as compared to $1,890,887, of which $1,533,660 was cash-based and $357,227 was stock-based expenses, during the year ended December 31, 2006. There was an overall decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses of $292,645 (15%), comprised of a $379,742 (25%) decrease in the cash-based component of this expense, which was partially offset by a $87,097 (24%) increase in stock-based expenses.
We have made efforts to reduce these costs, through measures such as reducing the number of personnel, including not replacing an officer and director on his retirement in December of 2006; reducing cash-based fees to investor relations consultants; decreasing the size of our leased premises; reducing the number of trade shows in which we participate; and delaying production of new promotional material. These reductions were partially offset by an increase of 5% in the average exchange rate for the Canadian dollar in relation to the United States dollar for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006. Many of our selling, general and administrative expenses are incurred in Canadian dollars and reported in United States dollars; consequently, this fluctuation has resulted in an overall increase in reported expenses. We will continue to carefully monitor the costs of these departments as we work within current budgetary limits leading up to the full commercial release of our products.
The stock-based component of selling, general and administrative expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 consisted of the amortization of prepaid consulting fees recognized on the issuance of warrants during 2003; amortization of prepaid consulting fees recorded during the first quarter of 2007 on the issuance of common stock in consideration for services rendered and to be rendered; the incremental value of stock options issued in June 2007 in exchange for the repurchase and cancellation of options issued in prior years; the fair value of common stock issued as compensation for services rendered during the year; the fair value of employee stock options earned during the year; and the amortization of the remaining balance of prepaid consulting fees recorded during the second quarter of 2007 on the issuance of options and warrants in consideration for consulting services which were to have been rendered over the two-year contract period. The remaining prepaid balance was expensed in full when the contract was terminated in August 2007. The stock-based component of this expense for the year ended December 31, 2006 consisted of the amortization of prepaid consulting fees recognized on the issuance of warrants during 2003; the fair value of common stock issued as compensation for services rendered during the year; and the fair value of employee stock options earned during the year.
27
Research and development expenses: Research and development expenses consist primarily of personnel costs, consulting fees and travel expenses directly associated with the development of our software applications. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we spent $849,020, including $824,648 in cash-based expenses and $24,372 in stock-based expenses, developing our software applications, compared to $1,125,285, all of which was cash-based expense, during the year ended December 31, 2006. This overall decrease of $276,265 (25%) is due primarily to a reduction in the size of the Europe-based contract development group from an average of 20 personnel during the year ended December 31, 2006, to an average of 4 personnel during the year ended December 31, 2007. Additionally, the work being performed by this group was suspended altogether during the period from July 1 to September 30, 2007, in order to allow time to plan the direction and focus of future development activities within our more limited budget. As another cost-cutting measure, the development management position was contracted on a part-time basis during the year ended December 31, 2007, whereas this was a full-time position during the year ended December 31, 2006. These decreases were partially offset by a significant increase in costs incurred during the year for the development of a software component by another software development contractor, as compared with similar costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006. We also incurred costs to develop software which would allow one of our products to work in conjunction with another companys software during the year ended December 31, 2007, for which there was no comparable expense during the year ended December 31, 2006.
Stock-based research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 consisted of the incremental value of options issued to personnel in exchange for the repurchase and cancellation of options previously issued, for which there was no comparable transaction during the year ended December 31, 2006.
Interest and financing costs: Interest and financing costs during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 consisted of interest and financing costs associated with our 10% senior convertible notes, our promissory notes and interest on the capital lease. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we incurred $1,053,831 in interest and financing costs, an increase of $671,014 (175%) over the $382,817 in interest and financing costs incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006.
The $1,053,831 in interest and financing costs we incurred during the year ended December 31, 2007 is comprised of $296,257 of interest payable to the holders of our debt; $627,629 of accretion on our 10% senior convertible notes; $128,922 of amortization of deferred financing costs; and $1,023 in interest on the capital lease. The $382,817 in interest and financing costs we incurred during the year ended December 31, 2006 is comprised of $120,530 of interest payable to the holders of our debt; $209,555 of accretion on our 10% senior convertible notes and our promissory notes; $50,528 of amortization of deferred financing costs; and $2,204 in interest on the capital lease.
The increase in interest and financing costs is a result of a net increase of $1,782,364 in the principal outstanding on our 10% senior convertible notes during the year ended December 31, 2007, which was partially offset by a net decrease of $521,405 in the principal outstanding on our promissory notes. This net increase in principal outstanding on our debt instruments resulted in a higher balance on which coupon based interest was charged; there was also an increase in value of the equity-based components of our 10% senior convertible notes, relating to new notes issued during the year, which resulted in higher accretion charges; and additional financing costs relating to these new notes resulted in an increase in amortization of deferred finance charges.
28
Loss on extinguishment of debt and accrued liabilities: During the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded a net loss on extinguishment of debt and accrued liabilities in the amount of $102,893. This total is comprised of a number of transactions involving the restructuring of our debt securities, and the issuance of our common stock in settlement of accounts payable and accrued liabilities.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, we recorded a net gain on extinguishment of debt and accrued liabilities in the amount of $79,303. This total is comprised of several transactions involving the restructuring of our debt securities, and the issuance of our common stock in settlement of accounts payable.
Depreciation of property and equipment: Depreciation of property and equipment was $30,353 during the year ended December 31, 2007, a decrease of $31,544 (51%), over the $61,897 charged to depreciation expense during the year ended December 31, 2006. This decrease occurred as a result of there being a lower value on which depreciation was charged during 2007, due to some of our property and equipment becoming fully depreciated during 2007 and 2006, with no offsetting acquisitions during the year.
Net loss: We incurred a loss of $3,726,393 ($0.08 per share) for the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to a loss of 3,387,291 ($0.09 per share) for the year ended December 31, 2006. Our revenues and future profitability and future rate of growth are substantially dependent on our ability to:
*
license the software applications to a sufficient number of clients;
*
be cash-flow positive on an ongoing basis;
*
modify the successful software applications, over time, to provide enhanced benefits to existing users; and
*
successfully develop related software applications.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
General: Since inception, we have funded our operations from private placements of debt and equity securities. In addition, until September 1999, we derived revenues from consulting contracts with affiliated parties, the proceeds of which were used to fund operations. Until such time as we are able to generate adequate revenues from the licensing of our software applications, we cannot assure that we will be successful in raising additional capital, or that cash from the issuance of debt securities, the exercise of existing warrants and options, and the placements of additional equity securities, if any, will be sufficient to fund our long-term research and development and selling, general and administrative expenses.
Our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $2,660 during the year ended December 31, 2007, from a balance of $7,780 at December 31, 2006, to $5,120 at December 31, 2007, primarily as a result of our net loss of $3,726,393 for the year, and resulting cash used in operations of $1,038,565, which were substantially offset by an increase in cash resulting from the issuance of $745,000 of 10% senior convertible notes, and $302,320 from the issuance of promissory notes. Our cash and cash equivalents decreased by $63,413 during the year ended December 31, 2006 primarily as a result of our net loss of $3,387,291, and resulting cash used in operations of $1,976,022, which were partially offset by an increase in cash resulting from the issuance of $1,400,000 in 10% senior convertible notes, the issuance of $586,597 in promissory notes, and the exercise of stock purchase warrants.
As discussed elsewhere in this report, we have added an explanatory paragraph to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007. It states that our economic viability is dependent on our ability to finalize the development of our principal products, generate sales and finance operational expenses, and that these factors, together with our lack of revenues to date, our negative working capital, our loss for the year, as well as negative cash flow from operating activities, and our
29
accumulated deficit, raise substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern. At December 31, 2007, we had negative working capital of $3,899,798 and an accumulated deficit during the development stage of $28,369,575; we incurred a net loss of $3,726,393, and negative cash flow from operations of $1,038,565 for the year then ended; and note 2(a) to our consolidated financial statements for the year ended December 31, 2007 also discusses the continuing substantial doubt regarding our ability to continue as a going concern.
We achieved our first commercial sale during the third quarter of 2005, however we were unable to recognize revenue in connection with this sale, as all of the criteria required for us to do so as set out in our accounting policies were not met. During April 2006 we determined that collection of the amount invoiced in connection with this contract was unlikely, and have recorded an allowance against the entire amount, as an offset against deferred revenue. On January 1, 2006 we entered into an agreement with a Value Added Reseller (VAR), pursuant to which we granted the VAR a license to sell our software to the VARs customers for a period of three years. Our fee for this license, excluding applicable sales taxes, was $155,000, of which $151,650 has been collected. We will recognize revenue in connection with this sale once all of the criteria required for us to do so as set out in our accounting policies, have been met. We did not make any commercial sales during the year ended December 31, 2007.
We anticipate additional commercial sales during the second quarter of 2008, however we cannot be assured that this will be the case. During the year ended December 31, 2007, three of our full-time employees left the Corporation, and one of our full-time employees became part-time; another of our full-time employees left the Corporation in March 2008. We do not expect to hire any additional personnel during the next six months unless we are successful in raising significant funds through the issuance of our debt or equity securities. We have not made, nor do we expect to make, any material commitments for capital equipment expenditures during the next twelve months.
We have an immediate requirement for additional working capital in order to proceed with our business plan. We review our cash needs and sources on a month-to-month basis and we are currently pursuing appropriate opportunities to raise additional capital to fund operations. Additional sources of capital could involve issuing equity or debt. In January 2008, we engaged advisers to provide advice to us with respect to capital raising. However, additional funding may not be available to us on reasonable terms, if at all. The perceived risk associated with the possible sale of a large number of shares could cause some of our stockholders to sell their stock, thus causing the price of our stock to decline. In addition, actual or anticipated downward pressure on our stock price due to actual or anticipated sales of stock could cause some institutions or individuals to engage in short sales of our common stock, which may itself cause the price of our stock to decline. We may be unable to raise additional capital if our stock price is too low. A sustained inability to raise capital could force us to limit or curtail our operations.
We expect the level of our future operating expenses to be driven by the needs of our research and development and marketing programs offset by the availability of funds. In addition, we have since inception made an effort to keep our expenses relatively low and conserve available cash until we begin generating sufficient operating cash flow.
Sources of Capital: Our principal sources of capital for funding our business activities have been the private placements of debt and equity securities. During the year ended December 31, 2007, we issued $302,320 of promissory notes and $745,000 of 10% senior convertible notes, which generated cash for funding operations. We issued a further $998,982 in 10% senior convertible notes in consideration for the cancellation of $998,982 of principal and accrued interest on our promissory notes, which will reduce the overall cash-based interest charges on our debt; $26,110 in 10% senior convertible notes in settlement of previously issued 10% senior convertible notes, which reduced the cash required to settle the original notes at maturity; and $37,273 in 10% senior convertible notes in settlement of accounts payable, which reduced the cash required to immediately settle the liability. We also issued 572,194 common shares on the
30
redemption of $53,027 in principal and accrued interest on our 10% senior convertible notes, which will further reduce future cash-based interest charges, and will also reduce the amount of cash which would have become payable on maturity of the notes. In addition, we issued 4,105,000 common shares in consideration for consulting services rendered and to be rendered, 149,333 common shares in consideration for finance fees, 1,275,000 common shares in settlement of accrued liabilities, 900,000 options and 1,500,000 series K warrants in consideration of consulting services rendered, and 659,001 common shares in settlement of accrued interest on our 10% senior convertible notes, all of which reduced our requirement for cash. We also issued 5,100,000 new options as partial consideration for the cancellation 2,667,302 options previously issued, as an incentive to current personnel, which reduced our requirement for cash.
During the period from January 1 to April 4, 2008, we issued an aggregate of $321,512 in promissory notes, and $50,000 in 10% senior convertible notes, the proceeds of which were used to fund operations. During this period we also issued 3,200,000 common shares as partial consideration for services rendered and to be rendered under consulting contracts, which reduced our requirement for cash payments under these contracts. On January 7, 2008, we issued 1,058,780 common shares on the redemption of $31,763 in principal and accrued interest on our 10% senior convertible notes, which will reduce future cash-based interest charges, and will also reduce the amount of cash which would have become payable on maturity of the notes.
The Corporation has not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangement which would have provided the Corporation with a source of capital.
Uses of Capital: Over the past several years, we have scaled our development activities to the level of available cash resources. Cash-based research and development expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased by approximately 27% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006, as a result of cash conservation efforts. Cash-based selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased by approximately 25% as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006, due to several factors, including the reduction of our sales and marketing efforts, and as explained more fully under Results of Operation.
Our plans with respect to future staffing will be dependant upon our ability to raise additional capital. We have not entered into any off-balance sheet arrangement which would have resulted in our use of capital.
The cost to implement appropriate controls and procedures to ensure compliance with Section 404 of the Act is included in our budget for 2008.
Commitments: We have entered into an operating lease agreement for office space which expires on April 30, 2010. Future minimum lease payments including operating costs are approximately as follows:
Year | Amount |
2008 | $ 80,387 |
2009 | 80,387 |
2010 | 26,796 |
| $ 187,570 |
31
Item7.
Financial Statements.
Consolidated Financial Statements of
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
32
Page
Auditors Report to the Board of Directors and Stockholders
34
Consolidated Balance Sheets as at December 31, 2007 and 2006
35
Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended
December 31, 2007 and 2006 and for the period from
August 3, 1999 to December 31, 2007
36
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency)
and Comprehensive Loss for the nine years ended December 31, 2007
37
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December
31, 2007 and 2006 and for the period from August 3, 1999 to
December 31, 2007
44
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
45
33
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC
ACCOUNTING FIRM
The Board of Directors and Stockholders
Validian Corporation
We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of Validian Corporation and subsidiaries (a Development Stage Enterprise) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the related consolidated statements of operations, changes in stockholders equity (deficiency) and comprehensive loss and cash flows for each of the years in the two-year period ended December 31, 2007 and for the period from August 3, 1999 to December 31, 2007. These consolidated financial statements are the responsibility of the Corporations management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements based on our audits.
We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements referred to above present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Validian Corporation and subsidiaries (a Development Stage Enterprise) as of December 31, 2007 and 2006, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the years then ended and the period from August 3, 1999 to December 31, 2007, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The accompanying consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Corporation will continue as a going concern. As discussed in Note 2(a) to the consolidated financial statements, the Corporation has no revenues, has negative working capital at December 31, 2007, and has incurred recurring losses, as well as recurring negative cash flow from operating activities and has an accumulated deficit. Its economic viability is dependent on its ability to finalize the development of its principal products, generate sales and finance operational expenses which raises substantial doubt about its ability to continue as a going concern. Managements plans in regard to these matters are also described in Note 2(a). The consolidated financial statements do not include any adjustments that might result from the outcome of this uncertainty.
/s/ KPMG LLP
Chartered Accountants
Ottawa, Canada
April 14, 2008
34
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Balance Sheets
December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
2007
2006
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Assets
Current assets:
Cash and cash equivalents
$
5,120
$
7,780
Accounts receivable
16,780
14,628
Prepaid expenses
34,484
154,674
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
56,384
177,082
Property and equipment (note 3)
5,503
34,971
Deferred financing costs (note 4)
70,052
169,403
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
$
131,939
$
381,456
Liabilities and Stockholders Deficiency
Current liabilities:
Accounts payable
$
1,159,970
$
590,233
Accrued liabilities (note 11)
946,531
625,281
Deferred revenue
155,000
155,000
Promissory notes payable (notes 5 and 11)
87,308
603,928
Current portion of capital lease obligation
1,629
5,084
Current portion of 10% Senior convertible notes (note 6)
1,605,744
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
3,956,182
1,979,526
10% Senior convertible notes (note 6)
447,600
706,803
Capital lease obligation
1,466
Stockholders deficiency:
Common stock ($0.001 par value. Authorized 300,000,000
shares; Issued and outstanding 49,573,163 shares in 2007
and 39,212,069 shares in 2006 (note 7(a))
49,573
39,212
Preferred stock ($0.001 par value. Authorized 50,000,000
shares; issued and outstanding Nil shares in 2007
and 2006)
Additional paid-in capital
24,076,593
22,326,065
Deficit accumulated during the development stage
(28,369,575)
(24,643,182)
Retained earnings prior to entering development stage
21,304
21,304
Treasury stock (7,000 shares in 2007 and 2006 at cost)
(49,738)
(49,738)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(4,271,843)
(2,306,339)
Future operations (note 2(a))
Guarantees and commitments (note 12)
Subsequent events (note 17)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
$
131,939
$
381,456
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
35
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Operations
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from August 3, 1999 to December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period from
August 3,
1999 to
December 31,
2007
2006
2007
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Expenses:
Selling, general and administrative (note 11)
$
1,598,242
$
1,890,887
$
12,972,580
Research and development
849,020
1,125,285
8,949,732
Depreciation of property and equipment
30,353
61,897
416,939
Write-off of prepaid services
496,869
Write-off of deferred consulting services
1,048,100
Gain on sale of property and equipment
(7,442)
Write-off of accounts receivable
16,715
Write-off of due from related party
12,575
Loss on cash pledged as collateral
for operating lease
21,926
Write-down of property and equipment
14,750
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
2,477,615
3,078,069
23,942,744
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loss before the undernoted
(2,477,615)
(3,078,069)
(23,942,744)
Other income (expenses):
Interest income
341
413
61,576
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt
and accrued liabilities (note 9)
(102,893)
79,303
69,917
Interest and financing costs (notes 8 and 11)
(1,053,831)
(382,817)
(4,408,551)
Other
(92,395)
(6,121)
(149,773)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
(1,248,778)
(309,222)
(4,426,831)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Net loss
$ (3,726,393)
$
(3,387,291)
$ (28,369,575)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Loss per common share basic
and diluted (note 10)
$
(0.08)
$
(0.09)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Weighted average number of common shares
outstanding
46,787,907
35,141,775
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
36
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated other compre- hensive income (loss) | Treasury | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances at December 31, 1998 | 61,333 | $ 61 | $ 23,058 | $ 30,080 | $ | $ (7,426) | $ | $ 45,773 |
Issued for mining claims | 92,591 | 92 | 27,408 | | | | | 27,500 |
Issued for cash | 3,000,000 | 3,000 | 27,000 | | | | | 30,000 |
Reverse acquisition | 8,459,000 | 8,459 | 21,541 | | | | | 30,000 |
Fair value of warrants issued to unrelated parties | | | 130,000 | | | |
| 130,000 |
Shares issued upon exercise of warrants | 380,000 | 380 | 759,620 | | | |
| 760,000 |
Share issuance costs | | | (34,750) | | | | | (34,750) |
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
| |
|
Net loss | | | | (8,776) | (743,410) | | | (752,186) |
Currency translation adjustment | | | | | | 11,837 |
| 11,837 |
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (740,349) |
Balances at December 31, 1999 | 11,992,924 | 11,992 | 953,877 | 21,304 | (743,410) | 4,411 | | 248,174 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued upon exercise of warrants | 620,000 | 620 | 1,239,380 | | | |
| 1,240,000 |
Share issuance costs | | | (62,000) | | | | | (62,000) |
Acquisition of common stock | | | | | | | (49,738) | (49,738) |
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss | | | | | (2,932,430) | | | (2,932,430) |
Currency translation adjustment | | | | | | (40,401) |
| (40,401) |
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (2,972,831) |
Balances at December 31, 2000 | 12,612,924 | 12,612 | 2,131,257 | 21,304 | (3,675,840) | (35,990) |
| (1,596,395) |
Shares issued in exchange for debt | 2,774,362 | 2,774 | 2,216,715 | | | |
| 2,219,489 |
Fair value of warrants issued to unrelated parties |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss | | | | | (1,448,485) | | | (1,448,485) |
Currency translation adjustment | | | | | | 62,202 |
| 62,202 |
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (1,386,283) |
Balances at December 31, 2001 | 15,387,286 | $15,386 | $4,799,472 | $21,304 | $(5,124,325) | $26,212 | $(49,738) | $(311,689) |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
37
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering develop- ment stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated other compre- hensive income (loss) | Treasury | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances at December 31, 2001 | 15,387,286 | $ 15,386 | $ 4,799,472 | $ 21,304 | $ (5,124,325) | $ 26,212 | $ (49,738) | $ (311,689) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued in consideration |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of consulting services | 340,500 | 340 | 245,810 | | | | | 246,150 |
Comprehensive loss: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss | | | | | (906,841) | | | (906,841) |
Currency translation adjustment on liquidation of investment in foreign subsidiary | | | | | | (26,212) | | (26,212) |
Comprehensive loss |
|
|
|
|
|
|
| (933,053) |
Balances at December 31, 2002 | 15,727,786 | 15,726 | 5,045,282 | 21,304 | (6,031,166) | | (49,738) | (998,592) |
Shares issued in exchange for debt | 4,416,862 | 4,417 | 1,453,147 | | | | | 1,457,564 |
Shares issued in consideration of consulting and financing services | 422,900 | 423 | 230,448 | | | | | 230,871 |
Fair value of warrants issued to unrelated parties for services | | | 2,896,042 | | | | | 2,896,042 |
Fair value of stock purchase options issued to unrelated parties for services Relative fair value of warrants issued to investors in conjunction with 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature on 4% convertible debentures issued to unrelated parties | | | 597,102 355,186 244,814 | | | | | 597,102 355,186 244,814 |
Net loss and comprehensive loss | | | | | (3,001,900) | | | (3,001,900) |
Balances at December 31, 2003 | 20,567,548 | $ 20,566 | $10,822,021 | $ 21,304 | $ (9,033,066) | $ | $ (49,738) | $ 1,781,087 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
38
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated other compre- hensive income (loss) | Treasury stock | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Balances at December 31, 2003 | 20,567,548 | $ 20,566 | $10,822,021 | $ 21,304 | $ (9,033,066) | $ | $ (49,738) | $ 1,781,087 |
Shares issued in exchange for debt | 464,000 | 464 | 429,536 | | | | | 430,000 |
Shares issued on conversion of 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures | 2,482,939 | 2,483 | 1,238,986 | | | | | 1,241,469 |
Deferred financing costs transferred to additional paid in capital on conversion of 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures into common shares | | | (721,097) | | | | | (721,097) |
Shares issued pursuant to private placement of common shares and warrants | 6,666,666 | 6,667 | 5,993,333 | | | | | 6,000,000 |
Cost of share issuance pursuant to private placement | | | (534,874) | | | | | (534,874) |
Shares issued in consideration of consulting and financing services | 70,000 | 70 | 72,730 | | | | | 72,800 |
Shares issued in consideration of penalties on late registration of shares underlying the 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures | 184,000 | 184 | 110,216 | | | | | 110,400 |
Fair value of stock purchase warrants issued to unrelated parties for services | | | 809,750 | | | | | 809,750 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
39
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Treasury stock | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Relative fair value of warrants issued to investors in conjunction with 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures | | $ | $ 861,522 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ 861,522 |
Intrinsic value of beneficial conversion feature on 4% convertible debentures issued to unrelated parties | | | 538,478 | | | | | 538,478 |
Net loss and comprehensive loss | | | | | (8,017,166) | | | (8,017,166) |
Balances at December 31, 2004 | 30,435,153 | 30,434 | 19,620,601 | 21,304 | (17,050,232) | - | (49,738) | 2,572,369 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued on conversion of 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures | 1,157,866 | 1,158 |
577,774 | | | | | 578,932 |
Shares issued in settlement of 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures at maturity | 485,672 | 486 |
242,349 | | | | | 242,835 |
Deferred financing costs transferred to additional paid in capital on conversion of 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures into common shares | | | (163,980) | | | | | (163,980) |
Fair value of stock options issued to consultants for services rendered
| | | 211,496 | | | | | 211,496 |
Fair value of modifications to stock purchase warrants previously issued to unrelated parties | | | 61,162 | | | | | 61,162 |
Shares issued on the exercise of stock purchase warrants | 805,000 | 805 |
401,695 | | | | | 402,500 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
40
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) | Treasury stock | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net loss and comprehensive loss | | | | | (4,205,659) | | | (4,205,659) |
Balances at December 31, 2005 | 32,883,691 | 32,883 | 20,951,097 | 21,304 | (21,255,891) | | (49,738) | (300,345) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
consideration of consulting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
services (note 7(a)) | 800,000 | 800 | 106,700 | | | | | 107,500 |
Fair value of unvested |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
employee stock options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
earned during period |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(c)) | | | 28,689 | | | | | 28,689 |
Reversal of fair value of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
unvested employee stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
options recognized in the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
current and prior periods, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
on forfeiture of the options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(c)) | | | (9,939) | | | | | (9,939) |
Shares issued on the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
exercise of stock purchase |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
warrants (note 7(a)) | 20,000 | 20 | 9,980 | | | | | 10,000 |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of the 10% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
senior secured convertible |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
notes (note 7(a)) | 1,600,000 | 1,600 | 213,202 | | | | | 214,802 |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes (note 7(a)) | 1,200,000 | 1,200 | 188,400 | | | | | 189,600 |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of the 10% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
promissory note (note 7(a)) | 1,000,000 | 1,000 | 149,000 | | | | | 150,000 |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of an agreement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
to extend the payment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
terms of finance fees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
payable (note 7(a)) | 100,000 | 100 | 11,400 | | | | | 11,500 |
Intrinsic value of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beneficial conversion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature on the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes (note 6) | | | 465,850 | | | | | 465,850 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
41
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated Other comprehensive income (loss) | Treasury stock | Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Intrinsic value of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beneficial conversion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature on the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 6) | | $ | $ 49,447 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ 49,447 |
Shares issued in satisfaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of interest payable |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(a)) | 118,378 | 119 | 13,519 | | | | | 13,638 |
Shares issued in satisfaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of finance fees payable, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
which were included in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
accrued liabilities |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(a)) | 250,000 | 250 | 28,500 | | | | | 28,750 |
Shares issued in satisfaction |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of penalty for non-timely |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
payment of the 10% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
promissory note (notes 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
and 7(a)) | 500,000 | 500 | 44,500 | | | | | 45,000 |
Shares issued in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
consideration for finance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fees related to the issuance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of convertible and |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
promissory notes (note 7(a)) | 740,000 | 740 | 75,720 | -- | -- | -- | -- | 76,460 |
Net loss and comprehensive loss | | | | | (3,387,291) | | | (3,387,291) |
Balances at December 31, 2006 | 39,212,069 | 39,212 | 22,326,065 | 21,304 | $ (24,643,182) | | (49,738) | (2,306,339) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shares issued in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
consideration of consulting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
services rendered and to be |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
rendered (note 7(a)) | 4,105,000 | 4,105 | 180,045 | | | | | 184,150 |
Shares issued in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
consideration of finance fees |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
relating to the issuance of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10% senior convertible notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(a)) | 149,333 | 149 | 6,511 | | | | | 6,660 |
Shares issued in settlement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of accrued liabilities (note 7(a)) | 1,275,000 | 1,275 | 45,900 | | | | | 47,175 |
Shares issued in settlement |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of accrued interest on the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10% senior convertible notes | 659,001 | 659 | 39,228 | | | | | 39,887 |
Fair value of employee stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
options earned during the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year | | | 2,727 | | | | | 2,727 |
Incremental value of stock |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
options issued during the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
year in exchange for the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
repurchase and cancellation |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of options previously issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(c)) | | | 106,933 | | | | | 106,933 |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes at issuance | 2,790,566 | 2,791 | 180,132 | | | | | 182,923 |
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
42
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Changes in Stockholders Equity (Deficiency) and Comprehensive Loss
For the nine years ended December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
| Number | Common stock amount | Additional paid-in capital | Retained earnings prior to entering development stage | Deficit accumulated during development stage | Accumulated Other comprehensive income (loss) | Treasury stock | Total |
Shares issued pursuant to |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
the terms of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes on |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
resolution of the contingency |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 6) | $ 810,000 | $ 810 | $ 98,418 | $ | $ | $ | $ | $ 99,228 |
Intrinsic value of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beneficial conversion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
senior convertible notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
at date of issuance |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 6) | | | 188,767 | | | | | 188,767 |
Relative fair value of warrants |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
issued pursuant to the terms |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
convertible notes (note 7(b)) | | | 102,515 | | | | | 102,515 |
Intrinsic value of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
beneficial conversion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
feature of the 10% senior |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
senior convertible notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
on resolution of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contingency (note 6) | | | 540,031 | | | | | 540,031 |
Adjustment to the relative |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
fair value of warrants issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
pursuant to the terms of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10% senior convertible notes |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
on resolution of the |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
contingency (note 6) | | | 77,222 | | | | | 77,222 |
Shares issued on conversion |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of 10% senior convertible |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
notes (note 6) | 572,194 | 572 | 52,455 | | | | | 53,027 |
Fair value of warrants issued |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
in consideration of consulting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
services rendered |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
(note 7(b)) | | | 108,675 | | | | | 108,675 |
Fair value of options issued in |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
consideration of consulting |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
services rendered and to be |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
rendered (note 7(c)) | | | 20,969 | | | | | 20,969 |
Net loss and comprehensive |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
loss | | | | | (3,726,393) | | | (3,726,393) |
Balances at December 31, 2007 | 49,573,163 | $ 49,573 | $24,076,593 | $ 21,304 | $ (28,369,575) | $ | $(49,738) | $(4,271,843) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
43
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006 and the period from August 3, 1999 to December 31, 2007
(In U.S. dollars)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Period from
August 3,
1999 to
December 31,
2007
2006
2007
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cash flows from operating activities:
Net loss
$
(3,726,393)
$
(3,387,291)
$
(28,369,575)
Items not involving cash:
Depreciation of property and equipment
30,353
61,897
416,939
Non-cash compensation expense (note 7(d))
468,696
300,727
3,008,270
Non-cash interest expense
1,052,808
380,224
4,403,525
Non-cash penalties
56,500
166,900
Loss (gain on extinguishment of debt)
102,893
(79,303)
(69,917)
Write-off of prepaid services
496,869
Write-off of deferred consulting services
1,048,100
Currency translation adjustment on liquidation
of investment in foreign subsidiary
(26,212)
Gain on sale of property and equipment
(7,442)
Write-off of accounts receivable
16,715
Write-off of due from related party
12,575
Loss on cash pledged as collateral for operating lease
21,926
Write-down of property and equipment
14,750
Change in non-cash operating working
capital (note 15)
1,033,078
691,224
3,621,055
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Net cash used in operating activities
(1,038,565)
(1,976,022)
(15,245,522)
Cash flows from investing activities:
Additions to property and equipment
(884)
(527,427)
Proceeds on sale of property and equipment
176,890
Cash pledged as collateral for operating lease
(21,926)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Net cash used in investing activities
(884)
(372,463)
Cash flows from financing activities:
Issuance of promissory notes
302,320
586,597
3,997,513
Capital lease repayments
(4,921)
(4,028)
(13,137)
Issuance of 10% senior convertible notes (note 6)
745,000
1,400,000
2,145,000
Debt issuance costs
(5,610)
(50,970)
(288,359)
Repayment of promissory notes
(28,990)
(44,855)
Exercise of stock purchase warrants
10,000
412,500
Issuance of 4% senior subordinated
convertible debentures
2,000,000
Increase in due from related party
12,575
Issuance of common stock
8,030,000
Share issuance costs
(631,624)
Acquisition of common stock
(49,738)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Net cash provided by financing activities
1,036,789
1,912,609
15,569,875
Effects of exchange rates on cash and cash equivalents
18,431
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Net decrease in cash and cash equivalents
(2,660)
(63,413)
(29,679)
Cash and cash equivalents, beginning of period
7,780
71,193
34,799
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
Cash and cash equivalents, end of period
$
5,120
$
7,780
$
5,120
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
44
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
1.
General:
Validian Corporation (the Corporation) was incorporated in the State of Nevada on April 12, 1989 as CCC Funding Corp. The Corporation underwent several name changes before being renamed to Validian Corporation on January 28, 2003.
Since August 3, 1999, the efforts of the Corporation have been devoted to the development of a high speed, highly secure method of transacting business using the internet, and to the sale and marketing of the Corporations products.
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies:
(a)
Future operations:
The consolidated financial statements have been prepared assuming that the Corporation will continue as a going concern. The Corporation has no revenues, has negative working capital of $3,899,798, has accumulated a deficit of $28,369,575 as at December 31, 2007, and has incurred a loss of $3,726,393 and negative cash flow from operations of $1,038,565 for the year then ended. In addition, the Corporation expects to continue to incur operating losses for the foreseeable future, and has no lines of credit or other financing facilities in place.
If the Corporation obtains further financing and generates revenue, it expects to incur operating expenditures of approximately $3.1 million for the year ending December 31, 2008. In the event the Corporation cannot raise the funds necessary to finance its research and development and sales and marketing activities, it may have to cease operations.
All of the factors above raise substantial doubt about the Corporations ability to continue as a going concern. Managements plans to address these issues include raising capital through the private placement of equity, the exercise of previously-issued equity instruments and through the issuance of additional promissory notes and convertible notes.
The Corporations ability to continue as a going concern is subject to managements ability to successfully implement these plans. Failure to do so could have a material adverse effect on the Corporations position and or results of operations and could also result in the Corporations ceasing operations. The consolidated financial statements do not include adjustments that would be required if the assets are not realized and the liabilities settled in the normal course of operations.
45
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (continued):
(a)
Future operations (continued):
Even if successful in obtaining financing in the near term, the Corporation cannot be certain that cash generated from its future operations will be sufficient to satisfy its liquidity requirements in the longer term, and it may need to continue to raise capital by issuing additional equity or by obtaining credit facilities. The Corporations future capital requirements will depend on many factors, including, but not limited to, the market acceptance of its products and the level of its promotional activities and advertising required to generate product sales. No assurance can be given that any such additional funding will be available or that, if available, it can be obtained on terms favorable to the Corporation.
(b)
Principles of consolidation:
These consolidated financial statements are prepared in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles in the United States of America and include the accounts of Validian Corporation and its wholly-owned subsidiaries, Sochrys Technologies Inc. and Evolusys S.A. All intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated.
(c)
Cash and cash equivalents:
Cash and cash equivalents include liquid investments with original maturity dates of three months or less.
(d)
Property and equipment:
Property and equipment is stated at cost less accumulated depreciation, and includes computer hardware and software, furniture and equipment, equipment under capital lease and leasehold improvements. These assets are being depreciated on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives, as follows: computer hardware, furniture and equipment: 3 years; equipment under capital lease: over the term of the lease, being 4 years; computer software: 1 year; leasehold improvements: over the term of the lease, being 2 years.
46
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (continued):
(e)
Leases:
Leases are classified as either capital or operating in nature. Capital leases are those which substantially transfer the benefits and risk of ownership to the Corporation. Assets acquired under capital leases are depreciated as described in note 1(d). Obligations recorded under capital leases are reduced by the principal portion of lease payments. The imputed interest portion of lease payments is charged to expense.
(f)
Deferred financing costs:
Deferred financing costs represent the costs associated with arranging the 10% senior convertible notes. The costs are being amortized over the term of the notes.
(g)
Prepaid expenses:
Prepaid non-cash consulting fees related to services to be rendered within twelve months from the balance sheet date are included in prepaid expenses on the balance sheet. These costs are charged to expenses as the services are rendered. If for any reason circumstances arise which would indicate that the services will not be performed in the future, any remaining balance included in prepaid expenses will be charged to expense immediately.
(h)
Income taxes:
Deferred income taxes are determined using the asset and liability method, whereby deferred income tax is recognized on temporary differences using enacted tax rates that are expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Temporary differences between the carrying values of assets or liabilities used for tax purposes and those used for financial reporting purposes arise in one period and reverse in one or more subsequent periods. In assessing the realizability of deferred tax assets, management considers known and anticipated factors impacting whether some portion or all of the deferred tax assets will not be realized. To the extent that the realization of deferred tax assets is not considered to be more likely than not, a valuation allowance is provided.
47
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (continued):
(i)
Revenue recognition:
For sales of product licenses, the Corporation recognizes revenue in accordance with Statement of Position 97-2, Software Revenue Recognition (SOP 97-2), as amended by Statement of Position 98-9, Software Revenue Recognition with Respect to Certain Transactions, issued by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. Revenue from sale of product licenses is recognized when all of the following criteria are met: persuasive evidence of an arrangement exists, delivery has occurred, the fee is fixed or determinable and collectibility is probable.
Revenue from product support contracts is recognized ratably over the life of the contract. Revenue from services is recognized at the time such services are rendered.
For contracts with multiple elements such as product licenses, product support and services, the Corporation follows the residual method. Under this method, the total fair value of the undelivered elements of the contract, as indicated by vendor specific objective evidence, is deferred and
subsequently recognized in accordance with the provisions of SOP 97-2. The difference between the total contract fee and the amount deferred for the undelivered elements is recognized as revenue related to the delivered elements. Vendor specific objective evidence for support and consulting services is obtained from contracts where these elements have been sold separately. Where the Corporation cannot determine the fair value of all of the undelivered elements, revenue is deferred until such time as it can be determined, or until all of the elements are delivered.
(j)
Research and development:
Costs related to research, design and development of software products are charged to research and development expenses as incurred unless they meet the generally accepted criteria for deferral and amortization. Software development costs incurred prior to the establishment of technological feasibility do not meet these criteria and are expensed as incurred. To date the Corporation has not capitalized any software development costs.
(k)
Foreign currency translation:
The functional currency for the financial statements of the Corporation is the United States dollar. Exchange gains or losses are realized due to differences in the exchange rate at the transaction date versus the rate in effect at the settlement or balance sheet date. Exchange gains and losses are recorded in the statement of operations.
48
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
2.
Summary of significant accounting policies (continued):
(l) Stock-based compensation:
Effective January 1, 2006, the Corporation adopted the provisions of Financial Accounting Standards Board Statement No. 123R Share-Based Payment a revision of FAS 123 (SFAS 123R) to account for its stock-based payments. SFAS 123R requires all share-based payments, including stock options granted by the Corporation to its employees, to be recognized as expenses, based on the fair value of the share-based payments at the date of grant. For purposes of estimating the grant date fair value of stock-based compensation, the Corporation uses the Black Scholes option-pricing model, and has elected to treat awards with graded vesting as a single award. The fair value of awards granted is recognized as compensation expense on a straight-line basis over the requisite service period, which in the Corporations circumstances is the stated vesting period of the award.
In adopting SFAS 123R, the Corporation applied the modified-prospective transition method. Under this method, the Corporation has recognized compensation costs for all share-based payments granted, modified, or settled after January 1, 2006, as well as for any awards that were granted prior to January 1, 2006 for which the requisite service had not been provided as of that date (unvested awards). Under the modified prospective method, periods ending prior to January 1, 2006 were not adjusted.
(m) Impairment or disposal of long-lived assets:
The Corporation accounts for long-lived assets in accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets. This Statement requires that long-lived assets be reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to future net cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized in the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell.
49
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
(n) Use of estimates:
The preparation of financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities, as well as disclosures of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting periods. Actual results may differ from those estimates. Significant management estimates include assumptions used in estimating the fair value of convertible notes issued with common stock.
(o) New accounting developments:
In September 2006, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB) issued SFAS No. 157 (FAS 157), Fair Value Measures. FAS 157 defines fair value and establishes a framework for measuring fair value in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. This statement also applies to other accounting pronouncements that require or permit a fair value measure. As defined by this statement, the fair value of an asset or liability would be based on an exit price basis rather than an entry price basis. Additionally, the fair value should be market-based and not an entity-based measurement. FAS 157 is effective for fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2007 (our fiscal 2008). We have not completed our evaluation of adopting FAS 157.
50
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
3.
Property and equipment:
|
|
| 2007 |
|
| Accumulated | Net book |
| Cost | depreciation | value |
|
|
|
|
Computer hardware and software | $ 137,478 | $ 133,450 | $ 4,028 |
Furniture and equipment | 67,203 | 66,651 | 552 |
Leasehold improvements | 13,006 | 13,006 | -- |
Equipment under capital lease | 14,766 | 13,843 | 923 |
| $ 232,453 | $ 226,950 | $ 5,503 |
|
|
| 2006 |
|
| Accumulated | Net book |
| Cost | depreciation | value |
|
|
|
|
Computer hardware and software | $ 137,478 | $ 116,336 | $ 21,142 |
Furniture and equipment | 66,319 | 57,104 | 9,215 |
Leasehold improvements | 13,006 | 13,006 | -- |
Equipment under capital lease | 14,766 | 10,152 | 4,614 |
| $ 231,569 | $ 196,598 | $ 34,971 |
4.
Deferred financing costs:
| 2007 | 2006 |
Deferred financing costs | $ 249,500 | $ 219,930 |
Accumulated amortization | (179,448) | (50,527) |
| $ 70,052 | $ 169,403 |
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued $1,807,364 in principal amount of its 10% senior convertible notes (note 6). In connection with the placement of these notes, the Corporation incurred costs totaling $29,570, of which $20,610 was paid or payable in cash and $8,960 was paid through the issuance of 149,333 common shares of the Corporation. These costs are being amortized on an effective interest-rate basis over the term of the respective notes.
Amortization of the deferred financing costs is included in interest and financing costs.
51
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
5.
Promissory notes payable:
The promissory notes payable bear interest at 12%, are due on demand, and are unsecured.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued $297,535 in principal amount of its promissory notes. Also during the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued $998,982 principal amount of its 10% senior convertible notes (note 6) in consideration for the cancellation of $818,940 in principal of and $180,042 in accrued interest on its promissory notes.
6.
10% Senior convertible notes:
The following table sets forth the financial statement presentation of the note proceeds on issuance, and the changes in the financial statement presentation of the balance allocated to the notes at and for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
| Year Ended | Year Ended |
| December 31, | December 31, |
| 2007 | 2006 |
Balance at beginning of year | $ 706,803 | $ -- |
|
|
|
Note principal on issuance | 1,807,365 | 1,400,000 |
Allocated to common stock and additional paid-in capital for |
|
|
market value of stock issued to holders of the notes: |
|
|
Allocated to common stock | (2,791) | (2,800) |
Allocated to additional paid-in capital | (180,132) | (401,602) |
| (182,923) | (404,402) |
Allocated to additional paid-in capital for the relative fair value of |
|
|
warrants issued to holders of the notes | (102,515) | -- |
Allocated to additional paid-in capital for the intrinsic value of the |
|
|
beneficial conversion feature | (188,767) | (515,297) |
Proceeds allocated to 10% senior convertible notes on issuance | 1,333,160 | 480,301 |
|
|
|
Accretion recorded as a charge to interest and financing costs | 627,628 | 164,599 |
Principal converted pursuant to the terms of the note | (50,000) | -- |
Principal matured and repaid through the issuance of new notes | (25,000) | -- |
Loss on extinguishment of debt at date of modification | 177,234 | -- |
Modification of the 10% senior convertible notes | (716,481) | 100,000 |
Gain on extinguishment of debt at date of modification | -- | (38,097) |
Balance at end of year | 2,053,344 | 706,803 |
Current portion of 10% senior convertible notes | 1,605,744 | -- |
| $ 447,600 | $ 706,803 |
|
|
|
52
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
6.
10% Senior convertible notes (continued):
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of $1,807,365 of its 10% senior convertible notes. $745,000 of the notes were issued for cash; $998,982 of the notes were issued in consideration for the cancellation of $818,940 in principal of and $180,042 in accrued interest on the promissory notes (note 5); $26,110 of the notes were issued as repayment of $25,000 in principal of and $1,110 in accrued interest on previously issued 10% senior convertible notes at maturity; $37,273 of the notes were issued in satisfaction of $37,273 in accounts payable.
Under the terms of the notes, the holders are permitted, at any time, to convert all or a portion of the outstanding principal plus accrued interest into common stock of the company. The rate of conversion for $772,365 of the notes is one common share for each $0.03 of debt converted; the rate of conversion for $1,035,000 of the notes is one common share for each $0.06 of debt converted. Holders of $835,000 of the notes were not able to exercise their conversion feature until such time as the authorized capital of the Corporation was increased to at least 120,000,000 common shares. On October 4, 2007, at the Corporations Annual General Meeting, an increase in the Corporations authorized capital from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000 common shares, was approved; as such, the contingent conversion feature of the notes was resolved, and accounted for as a modification on that date.
The Corporation has the option of pre-paying all or any portion of the balance outstanding on the notes at any time, without penalty or bonus, with the permission of the holders. Interest on $1,435,000 of the notes is payable quarterly, in arrears, at such time as the holder requests payment; interest on $372,365 of the notes is accrued until the notes are either repaid by the Corporation or converted by the holder. At the Corporations option, interest may be paid either in cash or in common shares of the Corporation. If interest is paid in common shares, the number of shares required for settlement will be calculated using a 10% discount to the average closing price of the common stock, as listed on the exchange where the Corporations common stock is traded, for the ten days prior to the date the interest is due to the holder.
Holders of the $745,000 notes issued for cash, the $26,110 of notes issued as repayment of $25,000 in principal of and $1,110 in accrued interest on previously issued 10% senior convertible notes, and the $37,273 of notes issued in satisfaction of $37,273 in accounts payable, were granted an aggregate of 2,223,619 common shares of the Corporation upon issuance of the notes. In accordance with APB 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, $148,179, representing the relative fair value of the common shares at the issuance date, was allocated to the common shares par value and additional paid in capital.
53
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
6.
10% Senior convertible notes (continued):
Holders of the $998,982 notes issued in consideration for the cancellation of promissory notes and accrued interest were granted an aggregate of 1,376,947 common shares of the Corporation. The grant of 566,947 of these common shares took place immediately upon issuance of the notes; granting of the remaining 810,000 common shares was conditional upon an increase in the authorized capital of the Corporation to at least 120,000 common shares. In accordance with APB 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, $34,744, representing the relative fair value of the 566,947 common shares granted immediately at the issuance date, was allocated to the common shares par value and additional paid in capital. On October 4, 2007, at the Corporations Annual General Meeting, an increase in the Corporations
authorized capital from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000 common shares, was approved. Accordingly, the $99,228 relative fair value of the 810,000 contingent share grant was not recorded at the date of issuance of the related note, but was recorded as a reclassification from notes payable to share capital and additional paid in capital on October 4, 2007, being the date on which the contingency was resolved.
Holders of $810,000 of the notes issued in consideration for the cancellation of promissory notes were also granted 1,620,000 Series K warrants, which entitle the holders to purchase 1,620,000 common shares of the Corporation at an exercise price of $0.30 per share, and expire on June 21, 2011. In accordance with APB 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, $102,515, representing the relative fair value of the warrants at the issuance date, was allocated to additional paid in capital. The notes were modified on October 4, 2007, at which time the contingent features of the notes, relating to the grant of common shares on issuance and the conversion feature, were resolved. This modification resulted in an increase of $77,222 in the relative fair value allocated to the warrants.
At the date of issuance, the conversion feature of each of the following was in-the-money: i) $720,000 of the notes issued for cash; ii) $188,982 of the notes issued in consideration for the cancellation of promissory notes and accrued interest; iii) the $26,110 notes issued as repayment of 10% senior convertible notes previously issued; and iv) the $37,272 notes issued in settlement of accounts payable. The intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature was $188,767. In accordance with EITF 98-05, Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ration and EITF 00-27, Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments, this amount was recorded as additional paid in capital.
$25,000 of the notes issued for cash, as well as $810,000 of the notes issued in consideration for the cancellation of promissory notes and accrued interest, were not convertible until such time as the authorized capital of the Corporation was increased to at least 120,000,000 common shares. On October 4, 2007, at the Companys Annual General Meeting, and increase in the Companys authorized capital from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000 common shares, was approved. Accordingly, the $540,031 intrinsic value of the contingent conversion feature of these notes was not recorded at the date of issuance, but was recorded as a reclassification from notes payable to additional paid in capital on October 4, 2007, being the date on which the contingency was resolved.
54
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
6.
10% Senior convertible notes (continued):
On March 9, 2007, in conjunction with the issuance of $200,000 of the 10% senior convertible notes, $900,000 of the 10% senior convertible notes issued during 2006 were amended as follows: the ratio at which the outstanding principal plus accrued interest thereon could be converted into common stock of the Corporation was changed from $0.10 to $0.06; interest on the notes shall be accrued until such time as the holder requests payment. These amendments resulted in the terms of the amended notes being substantially different from the terms of the original notes, as that term is defined in EITF 96-19: Debtors Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments. Accordingly the Company accounted for the modification as an extinguishment of the original debt, which resulted in a loss on the extinguishment of debt of $177,234.
On July 9, 2007, a holder of the 10% senior convertible notes exercised the conversion option and converted $50,000 in principal and $3,027 in accrued interest in exchange for 572,194 shares of common stock.
On October 22, 2007, $25,000 of the 10% senior convertible notes matured. This note, plus accrued interest of $1,110, was settled through the issuance of a new 10% senior convertible note in the amount of $26,110.
The following table summarizes information regarding the 10% senior convertible notes outstanding at December 31, 2007:
|
| Unamortized | Carrying | Conversion | Maturity |
| Face Value | Discount | Value | Rate | Date |
Maturing within one year | $ 150,000 | $ 10,258 | $ 139,742 | $0.03 | July 2008 |
| 1,100,000 | 180,869 | 919,131 | 0.06 | June-July 2008 |
| 700,000 | 153,129 | 546,871 | 0.10 | July-Oct 2008 |
| 1,950,000 | 344,256 | 1,605,744 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Long term | 622,364 | 243,072 | 379,292 | $0.03 | May-Dec 2009 |
| 810,000 | 741,692 | 68,308 | 0.06 | June 2009 |
| 1,432,364 | 984,764 | 447,600 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total | $ 3,382,364 | $ 1,329,020 | $ 2,053,344 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
At December 31, 2007, $1,250,000 face value of the 10% senior convertible notes was secured by a first position lien on all of the assets of the Company. The remaining $2,132,364 was unsecured.
55
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
6.
10% Senior convertible notes (continued):
On June 1, 2006, the Corporation issued a total of $500,000 of its 10% senior convertible notes. The notes had a maturity date of June 1, 2007. Under the terms of the notes, the holders were permitted, at any time, to convert all or a portion of the outstanding principal plus accrued interest into common stock of the Corporation at a ratio of one common share for each $0.10 of debt and accrued interest converted; the Corporation had the option of pre-paying all or any portion of the balance outstanding on the notes at any time, without penalty or bonus; and interest was payable quarterly, in arrears. Additionally, the holders could demand repayment of 50% of the principal of the note, at such time as the Corporation completed an equity financing of $500,000 or more.
Holders of the notes were granted 1,000,000 common shares of the Corporation upon issuance of the notes. In accordance with APB 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, $170,000, representing the relative fair value of the shares at the issuance date, was allocated to the common shares par value and additional paid in capital.
At the date of issuance, the conversion feature of the notes was in-the-money. The intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature was $330,000. In accordance with EITF 98-5, Accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratio and EITF 00-27, Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments, this amount was recorded as additional paid-in capital.
On July 11, 2006, in conjunction with the issuance of $250,000 in promissory notes (note 5), these $500,000 10% senior convertible notes were amended and restated as follows: the first position lien on all of the assets of the Corporation was removed; the date of maturity was extended by one year to June 1, 2008; the Corporation was given the option of paying the quarterly interest either in cash or in common shares of the Corporation; the provision allowing the holder to demand immediate repayment of 50% of the face value of the note in the event of an equity financing by the Corporation of at least $500,000 was removed. These amendments collectively resulted in the new notes being substantially different from the original notes, as that term is defined in EITF 96-19: Debtors Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments. Accordingly the Corporation accounted for the modification as an extinguishment of the original debt, which resulted in a gain on the extinguishment of $38,097.
On various dates between June 30 and December 21, 2006, the Corporation issued an aggregate of $900,000 of its 10% senior convertible notes. $400,000 of the notes mature on July 1, 2008; $500,000 mature on October 1, 2008. Under the terms of the notes, the holders are permitted, at any time, to convert all or a portion of the outstanding principal plus accrued interest into common stock of the Corporation at a ratio of one common share for each $0.10 of debt converted; the Corporation may pre-pay all or any portion of the balance outstanding on the notes at any time, without penalty or bonus; interest is payable quarterly in arrears, and may, at the Corporations option, be paid either in cash or in common shares of the Corporation. If interest is paid in common shares, the number of shares required for settlement will be calculated using a 10% discount to the average closing price of the common stock, as listed on the exchange where the Corporations common stock is traded, for the ten days prior to the date the interest is due to the holder.
56
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
6.
10% Senior convertible notes (continued):
Holders of the notes were granted an aggregate of 1,800,000 common shares of the Corporation upon issuance of the notes. In accordance with APB 14, Accounting for Convertible Debt and Debt issued with Stock Purchase Warrants, $234,402, representing the relative fair value of the common shares at the issuance date, was allocated to the common shares par value and additional paid-in capital.
At the date of issuance, the conversion feature relating to $600,000 of the notes was in-themoney. The intrinsic value of this beneficial conversion feature was $185,297. In accordance with EITF 98-5, accounting for Convertible Securities with Beneficial Conversion Features or Contingently Adjustable Conversion Ratios and EITF 00-27, Application of Issue No. 98-5 to Certain Convertible Instruments, this amount was recorded as additional paid-in capital.
57
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity:
(a)
Common stock transactions:
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of 3,105,000 shares of its common stock valued at $147,150, for services rendered. $147,150, representing the value of services rendered under these contracts, has been included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued 1,000,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $37,000, in consideration for consulting services rendered during the period from October 1, 2006 to January 16, 2007. $31,519, representing the value of services rendered prior to December 31, 2006, was included in accrued liabilities at December 31, 2006 and in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year then ended. $5,481, representing the value of services rendered during the year ended December 31, 2007, has been included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued 149,333 shares of its common stock, valued at $6,660, in consideration for finance fees relating to the issuance of the Corporations 10% senior secured convertible notes. 100,000 of the shares were prepaid, which resulted in a gain on the transaction of $2,300.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of 1,275,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $47,175, in settlement of accrued liabilities totaling $127,499. A gain on settlement of debt in the amount of $80,324 was recognized in connection with this transaction.
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of 659,001 shares of its common stock, valued at $39,887, to the holders of the 10% senior convertible notes, in satisfaction of $31,604 of accrued interest on the notes. A loss on settlement of accrued interest payable in the amount of $8,283 was recognized in connection with this transaction.
In connection with the issuance of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes during the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of 2,790,566 of its common shares, valued at $182,923, to the holders of the notes. A further 810,000 common shares, with a relative fair value of $99,228, were granted conditionally to the holders of the notes, such grant to take effect only if the authorized capital of the Corporation was increased to at least 120,000,000 common shares. On October 4, 2007, at the Corporations Annual General Meeting, an increase in the Corporations authorized capital from 100,000,000 to 300,000,000 common shares was approved, thereby resolving the contingent feature of the notes. The shares were subsequently issued pursuant to the terms of the notes.
58
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity:
(a)
Common stock transactions (continued):
On July 9, 2007, a holder of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes exercised the conversion option and converted $50,000 in principal and $3,027 in accrued interest in exchange for 572,194 shares of common stock.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued a total of 800,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $107,500 in consideration for consulting services rendered and to be rendered. In relation to these transactions, an expense of $83,750 was included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2006. The remaining $23,750 was included in prepaid expenses, and expensed over the remaining three months of the contract term.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued 20,000 shares of its common stock in connection with the exercise of 20,000 Series H stock purchase warrants for cash proceeds of $10,000.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, in connection with the issuance of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes (note 6) the Corporation issued a total of 2,800,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $404,402, to the holders of the notes.
In connection with the issuance of the Corporations 10% promissory note on July 13, 2006 the Corporation issued 1,000,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $150,000, to the holder of the note. In accordance with the terms of the note, a further 500,000 shares of the Corporations common stock, valued at $45,000, were issued to the holder of the note on October 11, 2006, as a penalty for failing to repay the full value of the note, plus accrued interest thereon, prior to that date.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued 740,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $76,460, in consideration for finance fees relating to the issuance of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes and 10% promissory notes.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued 100,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $11,500, in exchange for the deferral of payment of finance fees.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued 250,000 shares of its common stock, valued at $28,750, in settlement of finance fees payable in the amount of $25,000 (note 8).
59
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued:
(a)
Common stock transactions (continued):
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation issued 118,378 shares of its common stock in settlement of $13,637 in accrued interest on the 10% senior convertible notes.
(b)
Transactions involving stock purchase warrants:
During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Corporation issued an aggregate of 3,120,000 series K warrants. The series K warrants entitle the holders to purchase a total of 3,120,000 common shares of the Corporation at an exercise price of $0.03 per share, are exercisable at any time, and expire on June 21, 2011. The $211,190 fair value of the warrants at date of issuance was calculated using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest rate of 5%; expected volatility of 134%; and an expected life of 4 years.
1,620,000 of the series K warrants were granted in connection with the issuance of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes (note 6). $102,515, representing the relative fair value of the warrants at the issuance date, was allocated to additional paid in capital.
1,500,000 of the series K warrants were issued as partial consideration for consulting services which were to have been rendered over a two-year period commencing May 15, 2007. On July 25, 2007 the underlying service contract was terminated; consequently, $108,675, representing the value of the series K warrants issued in connection with this contract, has been included in selling general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007.
Effective May 15, 2007, the exercise price of the Corporations series I warrants was adjusted from $0.10 to $0.03, in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreements, which provide for the conversion rate to be adjusted at such time as the Corporation issues debt or equity instruments having a conversion rate lower than the rate then in effect for the series I warrants. On May 15, 2007, the Corporation issued 10% senior convertible notes (note 6) having a conversion rate of $0.03.
On May 31, 2007, the 3,146,000 Series F warrants expired.
60
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued):
(b)
Transactions involving stock purchase warrants (continued):
On July 9, 2007, the 1,635,000 series E warrants were repurchased and cancelled for cash consideration of $1,000. At the date of repurchase, the fair value of the Series E warrants was nil, as calculated using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest of 4.85%; expected volatility of 188%; and an expected life of .04 years. The $1,000 cost of repurchasing the series E warrants has been included in general and administrative expenses.
On April 20, 2006, holders of the Series H warrants exercised 20,000 warrants, and purchased 20,000 shares of the Corporations common stock for cash proceeds of $10,000.
Effective June 1, 2006, the exercise price of the Corporations Series I warrants was adjusted from $0.90 to $0.10, in accordance with the terms of the warrant agreements, which call for the conversion rate to be adjusted at such time as the Corporation issues debt or equity instruments having a conversion rate lower than $0.90. On June 1, 2006, the Corporation issued senior convertible notes (note 6), which have a conversion rate of $0.10.
On December 31, 2006, in connection with the resignation of one of the Corporations directors, 520,000 Series E warrants and 1,005,000 stock options (note 7(c)) were surrendered in exchange for the issuance of 650,000 Series J warrants. The Series J warrants entitle the holder to purchase a total of 650,000 common shares of the Corporation at an exercise price of $0.15 per share, are exercisable at any time, and expire on June 30, 2008. At the date of issuance, the fair value of the Series J warrants was $18,307, which was lower than the aggregate fair value of the Series E warrants and the stock options surrendered ($9,314 and $17,688, respectively). Accordingly, the Corporation did not record an expense in relation to this transaction. The fair value of the Series J and Series E warrants, and the stock options, were calculated using the Black Scholes option pricing model with the following assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest rate of 4.9%; expected volatility ranging from 136% to 143%; and an expected life ranging from 1.3 to 1.5 years.
On December 31, 2006, 400,000 Series G warrants and 2,652,500 Series H warrants expired.
61
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued):
(b)
Transactions involving stock purchase warrants (continued):
Following is a summary of stock purchase warrants outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006:
| Exercise |
| Outstanding | Outstanding |
| Price | Expiry | 2007 | 2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
Series E | $0.33 | December, 2007 | -- | 1,635,000 |
Series F | 0.50 | May, 2007 | -- | 3,146,000 |
Series I | 0.03 | March, 2009 | 3,513,333 | 3,513,333 |
Series J | 0.15 | June, 2008 | 650,000 | 650,000 |
Series K | 0.03 | June, 2011 | 3,120,000 | -- |
|
|
| 7,283,833 | 8,944,833 |
|
|
|
|
|
(c)
Transactions involving stock options:
The Corporation has two incentive equity plans, under which a maximum of 10,000,000 options to purchase 10,000,000 common shares may be granted to officers, employees and consultants of the Corporation. The maximum number of options available for grant was increased by 3,000,000 on October 4, 2007. The granting of options, and the terms associated with them, occurs at the discretion of the board of directors, who administers the plan. As of December 31, 2007, 4,595,000 options remained available for grant under these plans.
On June 11, 2007, the Corporation effected a cancellation of 2,667,302 options previously issued to employees and consultants, through a repurchase of the options from the holders for aggregate consideration of $2,661 to be settled in cash, and 5,100,000 newly issued options. The newly issued options vested immediately; have an exercise price of $0.04; and an expiry date of June 10, 2012, with provision for early expiration in the event the holder ceases to be engaged by the Corporation prior to the stated expiry date. The incremental fair value of these options at the date of grant was $106,933, determined using the following weighted average assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest rate of 5.06%; expected volatility of 168%; and an expected life of 5 years.
62
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued):
(c)
Transactions involving stock options (continued):
Also on June 11, 2007, the Corporation granted 900,000 options as partial consideration for consulting services which were to have been rendered over a two-year period commencing May 15, 2007. On July 25, 2007, the contract was terminated; consequently, $20,969, representing the value of the options issued in connection with this contract, has been included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007. The fair value of these options was determined using the following weighted average assumptions: expected
dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest rate of 5.06%; expected volatility of 168%; and an expected life of 5 years. These options expired on November 22, 2007, in accordance with the early expiration provision of the options.
During the year ended December 31, 2006, the Corporation granted 100,000 stock options to an employee as an incentive to enter into full-time employment with the Corporation. The options vest on various dates between January 1, 2007 and January 1, 2009; have an exercise price of $0.67; and an expiry date for unexercised options of January 12, 2011, with provision for early forfeiture in the event the holder ceases to be employed by the Corporation prior to the stated expiry date. The fair value of these options at date of grant was $19,556, determined using the following assumptions: expected dividend yield 0%; risk-free interest rate of 4.39%; expected volatility of 158%; an expected life of 5 years; and an expected forfeiture rate of 1.5%.
63
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued):
(c)
Transactions involving stock options (continued):
On December 31, 2006, in connection with the resignation of one of the Corporations directors, 1,005,000 stock options and 520,000 Series E warrants were surrendered in exchange for the issuance of 650,000 Series J warrants (note 7(b)).
Following is a summary of stock options outstanding at December 31, 2007 and 2006:
| 2007 | 2006 | ||
|
| Weighted |
| Weighted |
|
| Average |
| Average |
|
| Exercise |
| Exercise |
| # of Options | price | # of Options | price |
Options outstanding, beginning of year | 3,447,302 | $ 0.50 | 5,252,302 | $ 0.50 |
Granted | 6,000,000 | 0.04 | 100,000 | 0.67 |
Cancelled | (2,667,302) | 0.50 | -- | -- |
Expired | (1,308,000) | 0.21 | (1,655,000) | 0.51 |
Forfeited | (67,000) | 0.67 | (250,000) | 0.57 |
Options outstanding, end of year | 5,405,000 | $ 0.06 | 3,447,302 | $ 0.50 |
|
|
|
|
|
Options exercisable, end of year | 5,405,000 | $ 0.06 | 3,297,302 | $ 0.49 |
The following table summarizes information regarding stock options outstanding and exercisable at December 31, 2007:
Options Outstanding |
| Options Exercisable | ||||
| ||||||
|
| Weighted | Weighted |
|
| Weighted |
| Number | average | average |
| Number | average |
Exercise | outstanding | remaining | exercise |
| outstanding | exercise |
price | at 12/31/07 | contractual life | price |
| at 12/31/07 | price |
$ 0.33 | 305,000 | 0.4 years | $ 0.33 |
| 305,000 | $ 0.33 |
0.04 | 5,100,000 | 4.5 years | 0.04 |
| 5,100,000 | 0.04 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
| 5,405,000 | 4.2 years | $ 0.06 |
| 5,405,000 | $ 0.06 |
64
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
7.
Stockholders equity (continued):
(d)
Summary of stock-based compensation:
The following table presents the total of stock-based compensation included in the expenses of the Corporation for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006:
| 2007 | 2006 |
Selling, general and administrative | $ 444,324 | $ 300,727 |
Research and development | 24,372 | -- |
Total stock-based compensation included in expenses | $ 468,696 | $ 300,727 |
8.
Interest and financing costs:
Interest and financing costs include accrued interest, accretion and amortization of deferred financing costs relating to the 10% senior convertible notes; accrued interest on the promissory notes; and the interest portion of capital lease payments.
9.
Gain (loss) on extinguishment of debt and accrued liabilities:
| 2007 | 2006 |
Loss on settlement of $31,603 of accrued interest on 10% senior |
|
|
convertible notes (note 6) | $ (8,283) | $ -- |
Gain on issuance of 1,275,000 common shares, valued at |
|
|
$47,175, in settlement of accrued liabilities totaling $127,499 |
|
|
(note 7) | 80,324 | -- |
Gain on issuance of 100,000 common shares, valued at $3,700, |
|
|
as partial consideration for finance fees payable in connection |
|
|
with the issuance of 10% senior convertible notes | 2,300 | -- |
Loss recognized on the modification of the 10% senior |
|
|
convertible notes (note 6) | (177,234) | -- |
Gain on extinguishment of 10% promissory note | -- | 44,956 |
Gain on extinguishment of 10% senior convertible notes (note 6) | -- | 38,097 |
Loss on issuance of 250,000 common shares, valued at $28,750 |
|
|
in satisfaction of accounts payable totaling $25,000 (note 7(a)) | -- | (3,750) |
| $ (102,893) | $ 79,303 |
65
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
10.
Loss per share:
As the Corporation incurred a net loss during the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, the loss and diluted loss per common share are based on the weighted-average common shares outstanding during the year. The following outstanding instruments could have a dilutive effect in the future:
| 2007 | 2006 |
|
|
|
Stock options | 5,405,000 | 3,447,302 |
Series E stock purchase warrants | -- | 1,635,000 |
Series F stock purchase warrants | -- | 3,146,000 |
Series I stock purchase warrants | 3,513,333 | 3,513,333 |
Series J stock purchase warrants | 650,000 | 650,000 |
Series K stock purchase warrants | 3,120,000 | -- |
| 12,688,333 | 12,391,635 |
11.
Related party transactions:
Included in promissory notes payable (note 5) is $59,766 (2006 - $7,902) payable to companies controlled by directors of the Corporation, and $21,170 (2006 - $18,438) payable to a director. $5,037 (2006 - $221) in accrued interest charges relating to these notes is included in accrued liabilities; $4,422 (2006 $221) is included in interest and finance costs for the year.
As discussed in note 12(b), the Corporation subleased excess office space during the year ended December 31, 2007, to companies which were related during part of the sublease period.
12.
Guarantees and Commitments:
a)
Guarantees
The Corporation has entered into agreements which contain features which meet the definition of a guarantee under FASB Interpretation No. 45 (FIN 45). FIN 45 defines a guarantee to be a contract that contingently requires the Corporation to make payments (either in cash, financial instruments, other assets, common stock of the Corporation or through the provision of services) to a third party based on changes in an underlying economic characteristic (such as interest rates or market value) that is related to an asset, liability or an equity security of the other party.
The Corporation has the following guarantees which are subject to the disclosure and measurement requirements of FIN 45:
66
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
12.
Guarantees and Commitments (continued):
a)
Guarantees (continued)
(i) In the normal course of business, the Corporation entered into a lease agreement for facilities. As the lessee, the Corporation agreed to indemnify the lessor for liabilities that may arise from the use of the leased facility. The maximum amount potentially payable under the foregoing indemnity cannot be reasonably estimated. The Corporation does not have liability insurance that relates to the indemnification described above.
(ii) The Corporation includes standard intellectual property indemnification clauses in its software license and service agreements. Pursuant to these clauses, the Corporation holds harmless and agrees to defend the indemnified party, generally the Corporations business partners and customers, in connection with certain patent, copyright or trade secret infringement claims by third parties with respect to the Corporations products. The term of the indemnification clauses is generally perpetual from the date of execution of the software license and service agreement. In the event an infringement claim against the Corporation or an indemnified party is successful, the Corporation, at its sole option, agrees that it will do one of the following: (i) procure for the indemnified party the right to continue use of the software; (ii) provide a modification to the software so that its use becomes non-infringing; (iii) replace the software with software which is substantially similar in functionality and performance; or (iv) refund the residual value of the software license fees paid by the indemnified party for the infringing software. The Corporation believes the estimated fair value of these intellectual property indemnification clauses is minimal.
Historically, the Corporation has not made any significant payments related to the above-noted indemnities and accordingly, no liability related to the contingent features of these guarantees has been accrued in the financial statements.
b)
Commitment
In April 2007, the lease period of the agreement for office space was extended for a period of three years. Minimum annual rent payable under this contract, including operating costs, is approximately as follows:
|
|
2008 | $ 80,387 |
2009 | 80,387 |
2010 | 26,796 |
Total | $ 187,570 |
67
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
12.
Guarantees and Commitments (continued):
b)
Commitment (continued)
Rental expense for the year, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, has been reduced by sublease income of $18,610 (2006 - $31,808), of which $2,813 (2006 - $31,808) was received from a related company. The companies are related by virtue of an officer and director of the Corporation being also an officer and director of the other company. The sublease arrangement was discontinued effective August 31, 2007.
Rent expense incurred under the operating lease for the year ended December 31, 2007, net of sublease income, was $96,277 (2006 - $118,647).
13. Financial instruments:
The carrying value of cash and cash equivalents, accounts receivable, accounts payable, accrued liabilities, capital lease obligation and promissory notes payable approximates fair value due to the short term to maturity of these instruments. The fair value of the 10% senior convertible notes at December 31, 2007 was approximately $2,479,000 based on the present value of future cash flows as of the balance sheet date, discounted at market rates.
14.
Income taxes:
Deferred income taxes reflect the impact of temporary differences between amounts of assets and liabilities as reported for financial reporting purposes and such amounts as measured by tax laws. The tax effects of temporary differences that gave rise to significant portions of the deferred tax asset and deferred tax liability are as follows:
| 2007 | 2006 |
Deferred tax asset: |
|
|
Net operating loss carryforwards | $ 5,873,000 | $ 5,041,000 |
Capital loss carryforwards | 1,050,000 | 1,050,000 |
Total gross deferred tax asset | 6,923,000 | 6,091,000 |
|
|
|
Valuation allowance | (6,923,000) | (6,091,000) |
|
|
|
Net deferred taxes | $ -- | $ -- |
68
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
14.
Income taxes (continued):
Income tax expense attributable to loss before income taxes was $nil (2006 - $nil) and differed from the amounts computed by applying the U.S. federal income tax rate of 34% (2006 - 34%) to the net loss as a result of the following:
| 2007 | 2006 |
Expected tax rate | 34% | 34% |
Expected tax recovery applied to net |
|
|
loss before income taxes | $ (1,266,974) | $ (1,151,679) |
|
|
|
Increase (decrease) in taxes resulting from: |
|
|
Change in valuation allowance | 832,000 | 1,046,000 |
Compensation expense | 159,000 | 63,000 |
Interest and financing costs | 213,000 | 71,000 |
Gain on extinguishment of debt | 35,000 | (27,000) |
Other | 27,974 | (1,321) |
|
|
|
| $ -- | $ -- |
The Corporation has net operating losses of $17,452,000 (2006 - $14,829,000) which are available to reduce U.S. taxable income and which expire as follows:
|
|
2019 | $ 391,000 |
2020 | 675,000 |
2021 | 521,000 |
2022 | 897,000 |
2023 | 1,671,000 |
2024 | 4,205,000 |
2025 | 3,381,000 |
2026 | 3,088,000 |
2027 | 2,623,000 |
| $ 17,452,000 |
69
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
15.
Change in non-cash operating working capital:
| 2007 | 2006 |
|
|
|
Accounts receivable | $ (2,152) | $ 61,367 |
Prepaid expenses | 46,091 | (366) |
Accounts payable | 607,009 | 258,771 |
Accrued liabilities | 382,130 | 241,452 |
Deferred revenue | -- | 130,000 |
| $ 1,033,078 | $ 691,224 |
70
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
16. Supplementary cash flow information:
The Corporation paid no income taxes during the year ended December 31, 2007, nor during the year ended December 31, 2006. Interest paid in cash during the years ended December 31, 2007 and December 31, 2006 were $1,023 and $2,593, respectively.
Non-cash financing activities are excluded from the consolidated statement of cash flows. The following is a summary of such activities:
| 2007 | 2006 |
|
|
|
Debt issuance costs | $ 23,960 | $ 178,960 |
Issuance of 659,001 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock, valued at $39,887, in settlement of interest payable |
|
|
In the amount of $31,603 | 39,887 | -- |
Issuance of 1,275,000 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock, valued at $47,175, in settlement of accrued liabilities |
|
|
totaling $127,499 | 47,175 | -- |
Issuance of 1,025,000 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock, valued at $38,150, in satisfaction of consulting fees |
|
|
payable, $31,519 of which was included in accrued liabilities |
|
|
at December 31, 2006 | 38,150 | -- |
Issuance of 3,080,000 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock, valued at $146,000, in respect of consulting services |
|
|
rendered | 146,000 | -- |
Payable to employees and consultants with respect to the |
|
|
repurchase of options issued in prior periods | 2,661 | -- |
Issuance of 250,000 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock, valued at $28,750, in satisfaction of accounts payable |
|
|
in the amount of $25,000 | -- | 28,750 |
Issuance of 118,378 shares of the Corporations common |
|
|
stock in settlement of $13,638 in accrued interest on the |
|
|
10% senior convertible notes | -- | 13,638 |
Total | $ 297,833 | $ 221,348 |
71
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(A Development Stage Enterprise)
Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements
Years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006
(In U.S. dollars)
17.
Subsequent events:
On December 21, 2006, a former director of the Corporation commenced legal action against the Corporation with respect to approximately $51,732 in unpaid salary owing to the former director at the date of his retirement, plus costs with respect to collecting the amount due. The Corporation contested this action, and on January 29, 2008, an out of court settlement for $34,727 was reached. Legal fees of $10,238 relating to this action have been included in selling, general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2007. Additional costs of $1,476 relating to this action were incurred in January 2008, and have been included in selling general and administrative expenses for that period. A liability for unpaid salary of $50,950, and employee expense reimbursements of $782 have been included in accrued liabilities and accounts payable, respectively, at December 31, 2007.
During the period from January 1 to April 8, 2008, the Corporation issued an aggregate of $321,512 of its promissory notes, of which $288,512 were issued to related parties.
On January 7, 2008, holders of the Corporations 10% senior convertible notes exercised the conversion option and converted $31,763 in principal and accrued interest in exchange for 1,058,780 shares of common stock.
On January 10, 2008, the Corporation received $50,000 in cash proceeds from the issuance of its 10% senior convertible notes. The notes are payable on demand, and are secured by a general assignment of all assets of the Corporation. Under the terms of the note, the holder is permitted, at any time, to convert all or a portion of the outstanding principal plus accrued interest into common stock of the Corporation at a ratio of one common share for each $0.03 of debt converted; the Corporation may pre-pay all or any portion of the balance outstanding on the note at any time without penalty or bonus, with permission from the holder; interest is payable quarterly and may, at the Corporations option, be paid in either cash, or in common shares of the Corporation at the rate of one common share for each $0.03 of interest paid. The Corporation issued 300,000 shares of its common stock to the holder pursuant to the terms of the note.
On January 25, 2008, the Corporation issued 3,000,000 shares of its common stock pursuant to the terms of a contract to provide financial advisory services for an unspecified period of time.
On February 1, 2008, the Corporation issued 200,000 shares of its common stock pursuant to the terms of a contract to provide consulting services for a one-year period commencing January 3, 2008.
On March 5, 2008, the Corporation received $30,000 in cash proceeds, net of a discount of $3,000, from the issuance of its promissory notes. The Corporation issued 100,000 shares of its common stock to the holder pursuant to the terms of the note. The note became due on March 19, 2008; at April 14, 2008, the Corporation was involved in negotiations regarding the settlement of this note.
72
Item 8. Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosures.
There have been no changes in or disagreements with accountants with respect to accounting and/or financial statements.
Item 8A. Controls and Procedures.
The term disclosure controls and procedures is defined in Rules 13a-15(e) and 15d-15(e) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, or the Exchange Act. This term refers to the controls and procedures of a company that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed by a company in the reports that it files or submits under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified by the Securities and Exchange Commission.
Management of Validian Corporation (the Company) is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting and for the assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. As defined by the Securities and Exchange Commission, internal control over financial reporting is a process designed by, or under the supervision of, the Companys principal executive and principal financial officers and effected by the Companys Board of Directors, management and other personnel, to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.
The Companys internal control over financial reporting is not supported by written policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the Companys transactions and dispositions of the Companys assets; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of the consolidated financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the Company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of the Companys management and directors; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of the Companys assets that could have a material effect on the consolidated financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitation, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies and procedures may deteriorate.
In connection with the preparation of the Companys annual consolidated financial statements, management undertook an assessment of the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007. Managements assessment, based on criteria established in our internal control procedures policies, included an evaluation of the design of the Companys internal control over financial reporting but did not include testing of the operational effectiveness of those controls because our evaluation concluded that our system of internal controls was not effective in preventing or detecting misstatements.
Based on this assessment, management has concluded that as of December 31, 2007, the Companys internal control over financial reporting was not effective enough to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. KPMG LLP, our independent registered public accounting firm, which audited our financial statements included in this annual report on Form 10-KSB, has not audited the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2007.
73
In connection with the audit of our consolidated financial statements for the years ended December 31, 2007 and 2006, our independent registered public accounting firm advised the Board of Directors and management of certain significant internal control deficiencies that they considered to be, in the aggregate, a material weakness. In particular, our independent registered public accounting firm identified the following weaknesses in our internal control system: (1) a lack of segregation of duties; and (2) the lack of timely preparation of certain back up schedules. The independent registered public accounting firm indicated that they considered these deficiencies to be reportable conditions as that term is defined under the standards established by the American Institute of Certified Public Accountants. A material weakness is a significant deficiency in one or more of the internal control components that alone or in the aggregate precludes our internal controls from reducing to an appropriately low level of risk that material misstatements in our financial statements will not be prevented or detected on a timely basis. We considered these matters in connection with the period-end closing of accounts and preparation of the related consolidated financial statements and determined that no prior period financial statements were materially affected by such matters. Notwithstanding the material weakness identified by our independent registered public accountants, we believe that the financial statements, and other financial information included in this report, fairly present in all material respects, the financial condition, results of operation and cash flows of the Corporation as of, and for, the periods represented in this report.
Our size has prevented us from being able to employ sufficient resources at this time to enable us to have an adequate level of supervision and segregation of duties within our internal control system. We will continue to monitor and assess the costs and benefits of additional staffing within the Company.
Set forth below is a discussion of the significant internal control deficiencies that have not been remediated.
Lack of segregation of duties. Since commencing the development phase of our operations in August 1999, our size has prevented us from being able to employ sufficient resources to enable us to have an adequate level of supervision and segregation of duties within our internal control system. We had only three people involved in the processing of accounting entries during 2006 and 2007: the Office Administrator, the Controller and the Chief Financial Officer. It was therefore difficult to effectively segregate accounting duties. While we strive to segregated duties as much as practicable, there is insufficient volume of transactions to justify additional full time staff. As a result, this significant internal control deficiency had not been remediated as of the end of the period covered by this report, nor do we know if we will be able to remediate this weakness in the foreseeable future. However, we will continue to monitor and assess the costs and benefits of additional staffing.
Lack of timely preparation of back up schedules. Throughout 2006 and 2007, we were able to complete most of our back up schedules prior to the arrival of our independent registered public accountants audit staff. However, we did not file our Form 10-QSB for the quarter ended September 30, 2006 until November 24, 2006, partially as a result of our lack timely preparation of back up schedules; the audit of our 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006 was also delayed for this reason. As such, we believe that this material weakness had not been remediated as of the end of the period covered by this report, although progress in remediation had been made. Effective during the quarter ended March 31, 2007, we commenced the process of reviewing and expanding our formal month-end procedures, with the objective of improving the timeliness of the preparation of future quarterly reports and related back up schedules.
If we are unable to remediate the identified material weakness, there is a more than remote likelihood that a material misstatement to our SEC reports will not be prevented or detected, in which case investors could lose confidence in the accuracy and completeness of our financial reports, which could have an adverse effect on our ability to raise additional capital and could also have an adverse effect on our stock price. We have not been as successful in this initiative as we had hoped.
74
As required by the SEC rules, we have evaluated the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this Report. This evaluation was performed under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including the President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer. Based upon that evaluation, our President and Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer have concluded that our controls and procedures were not effective as of the end of the period covered by this Report due to existence of the significant internal control deficiencies described above.
There has been no change in internal control over financial reporting, other than the measures noted above, during the year ended December 31, 2007 that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.
Item 8B. Other Information.
None.
75
PART III
Item 9.
Directors, Executive Officers, Promoters and Control Persons: Compliance with Section 16(a) of the Exchange Act.
The following table sets forth certain information concerning our directors and executive officers as of December 31, 2007:
Name
Age
Position
Bruce I. Benn
54
Director, President, Chief Executive Officer,
Executive Vice President and Secretary
Effective May 6, 2005, the Board of Directors of the Company appointed Bruce I. Benn to the positions of President and Chief Executive Officer of the Company. Mr. Benn has served as a Director, Executive Vice President and Secretary of the Company since February 2004. From 1999 until February 2004, he provided services to the Company through Capital House Corporation. Mr. Benn plays a major role in making key management and strategic decisions and oversees all aspects of corporate finance for the Company. He has been principally responsible for arranging the $20 million of capital investment for the Company from 1999 to date. Since 1989, Mr. Benn has been the President, Director and co-founder of Capital House Corporation, a boutique investment bank that has provided and/or arranged early and mid stage venture capital and hands-on managerial assistance to a portfolio of leading technology software companies. Mr. Benn was also a founder, Director and Officer of DevX Energy, Inc. from 1995 until October 2000. From 1980 to 1993, he was with Corporation House Ltd., where he was a Vice President and a Director from 1985 to 1993. He is an attorney and holds a Masters of Law degree from the University of London, England, a Baccalaureate of Laws from the University of Ottawa, Canada, and a Bachelor of Arts in Economics from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada.
Name
Age
Position
Ronald I. Benn
53
Director, Chief Financial Officer and
Treasurer
Ron Benn was appointed a Director, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer of the Company in February 2004. He is a co-founder, Officer and Director of Capital House Corporation since 1989. He was Chief Financial Officer of Coast Software Inc., a position he held from September 2000 to February 2004 and where he was directly involved in raising more than $7 million in capital. From 1995 to 2007, he was also a Director of Telemus Electronics. From 1995 until 2000 he was Chief Financial Officer of DevX Energy, Inc., a publicly traded company on the NASDAQ exchange. He has 23 years' experience in senior finance positions, having begun his career in 1980 with Clarkson Gordon (now Ernst & Young) in the audit department. He holds a Chartered Accountant designation with the Institute of Chartered Accountants of Ontario (1982), and Bachelor of Commerce (Honours) degree from the University of Windsor, in Windsor, Canada and Bachelor of Science degree from Carleton University in Ottawa, Canada. Ron Benn is the brother of Bruce Benn.
Audit Committee Financial Expert
The SEC has adopted rules to implement certain requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 pertaining to public company audit committees. One of the rules adopted by the SEC requires a company to disclose whether it has an audit committee financial expert serving on its audit committee. Our board of directors has not yet established an audit committee and as a result provides the functions of an audit committee. As such, our board has not yet appointed an audit committee financial expert. We believe that our board of directors, taken as a whole, has the financial, accounting and other relevant education and experience necessary to qualify as an audit committee financial expert under Item 401(e) of Regulation S-B. At this time, our board of directors believes it would be
76
desirable to have an audit committee, and for the audit committee to have an audit committee financial expert serving on the committee. While informal discussions as to potential candidates have occurred, at this time no formal search process has commenced.
Code of Ethics Policy
We have not yet adopted a code of ethics policy because we are a development stage company, in the early stages of operations. We intend to adopt a code of ethics policy in the future.
Compliance with Section 16(a) of The Securities Exchange Act of 1934
To our knowledge, based solely on a review of such materials as are required by the Securities and Exchange Commission, none of our officers, directors or beneficial holders of more than ten percent of our issued and outstanding shares of common stock failed to timely file with the Securities and Exchange Commission any form or report required to be so filed pursuant to Section 16(a) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, during the year ended December 31, 2005.
Item 10.
Executive Compensation.
The following table shows all the cash compensation paid or to be paid by us or our subsidiaries, as well as certain other compensation paid or accrued, during the fiscal years indicated, to our chief executive officer and other executive officers who received total annual salary and bonus in excess of $100,000 during the past fiscal year in all capacities in which the person served.
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Summary Compensation Table
(a) | (b) | ( c) | (d) | (e) | (f) | (g) | (h) | (i) | (j) |
Name and Principal Position | Year | Salary ($) | Bonus ($) | Stock Awards ($) | Option Awards ($) | Non-Equity Incentive Plan Compen- sation ($) | Nonqualified Deferred Compen- sation Earnings($) | All Other Compensa- tion | Total $ |
Benn, Bruce (1)(4) | 2007 | 112,278 | 0 | 0 | 17,681 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 129,959 |
| 2006 | 105,847 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 105,847 |
| 2005 | 99,146 | 0 | 0 | 500,000 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 599,146 |
Benn, Ronald (2)(4) | 2007 | 98,243 |
|
| 18,339 |
|
|
| 116,582 |
| 2006 | 105,847 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 105,847 |
Maisonneuve, Andre (3) | 2006 2005 2004 | 105,847 103,848 100,353 | 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 | 0 0 0 | 105,847 103,848 100,353 |
(1) Became Director, President, Chief Executive Officer, Executive Vice President and Secretary in May 2005. In addition, Mr. Benn served as Executive Vice President and Secretary from February 2004 to May 2005.
(2) Became Director, Chief Financial Officer and Treasurer in February, 2004.
(3) Became Director, Executive Vice President and Secretary in July, 2001. In addition, Mr. Maisonneuve served as Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer, and Chief Financial Officer from January, 2002 to February, 2004; as Chairman, President, Chief Executive Officer from January 2002 until May 2005; and as Chairman and Vice- President Strategic Marketing from May 2005 until his retirement effective December 31, 2006.
(4) Reported salary for August 2006 to December 2007 has been accrued but not paid.
Outstanding Equity Awards at Fiscal Year-End
| Option/SSAR Awards | Stock Awards | |||||||
(a) | (b) | ( c) | (d) | (e) | (f) | (g) | (h) | (i) | (j) |
Name | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Options Exercisble (#) | Number of Securities Underlying Unexercised Option Unexercisable (#) | Equity Incentive plan awards: Number of securities underlying unexercised unearned options (#) | Option Exercise Price ($) | Option Expiration Date | Number of Shares or Units of Stock That Have not Vested (#) | Market Value of Shares or Units of Stock That have not vested ($) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards: Number of unearned= (#) | Equity Incentive Plan Awards Market Payout Value of Unearned Shares, Units or other Rights that have not vested $ |
Benn, Bruce | 900,000 | 0 | 0 | $0.04 | 2012/06/19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Benn, Ronald | 900,000 | 0 | 0 | $0.04 | 2012/06/19 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
Maisonneuve, André | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 |
(1) Calculated based on $0.027 per share of common stock, the closing bid price of our common stock on December 31, 2006.
Long-Term Incentive Plans Awards In Last Fiscal Year
There were no awards under our long-term incentive plans during the last fiscal year to the executive officers listed above.
Directors are not compensated for acting in their capacity as directors. Directors are reimbursed for their accountable expenses incurred in attending meetings and conducting their duties.
Item 11. Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder
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Matters.
The following table sets forth information as of March 31, 2008, with respect to any person known by us to own beneficially more than 5% of our common stock; common stock beneficially owned by each of our officers and directors named in Item 10; and the amount of common stock beneficially owned by our officers and directors as a group.
Approximate Percent
Name & Address of
Number of Shares
of Common Stock
Beneficial Owner
Beneficially Owned
Outstanding (1)
Leonid Frenkel (3)
4,884,165
9.0%
401 City Avenue
Suite 800
Bala Cynwyd, PA 19004
Bruce Benn* (2) (4)
3,580,000
6.5%
Valdosta Corp. (2)
3,400,000
6.3%
P.O. Box 30592
Cayside, 2nd Floor, Harbour Drive
Georgetown, Grand Cayman
Cayman Islands, BWI
Ronald Benn* (2) (5)
1,175,500
2.1%
All Executive Officers and Directors
As a Group
4,755,500
8.5%
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________
*Executive Officer and/or a Director.
(1)
Based upon 54,151,943 shares of common stock issued and outstanding as of March 31, 2008 and includes for each person the shares issuable upon exercise of the options and warrants owned by them.
(2)
Valdosta Corp. is a portfolio management corporation incorporated under the laws of the Cayman Islands. Bruce Benn has a beneficial interest in 2,650,000 of the shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation. Accordingly, 2,650,000 shares of the 3,400,000 shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation have been included as beneficially owned by him. Ronald Benn has a beneficial interest in 250,000 of the shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation. Accordingly, 250,000 shares of the 3,400,000 shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation have been included as beneficially owned by him.
(3)
Based on information contained in Schedule 13G as filed by Mr. Frenkle on February 14, 2008.
(4)
Includes (a) 30,000 shares held directly by Bruce Benn; (b) 2,650,000 shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation; and (c) 900,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options held directly by Bruce Benn. See footnotes (2) and (11).
(5)
Includes (a) 25,500 shares held directly by Ronald Benn, (b) 250,000 shares owned of record by Valdosta Corporation; and (c) 900,000 shares issuable upon exercise of options held directly by Ronald Benn. See footnotes (2) and (11).
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The following table sets forth details regarding our common stock authorized for issuance under equity compensation plans as at March 31, 2008:
Plan category | Number of securities to be issued upon exercise of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Weighted average exercise price of outstanding options, warrants and rights | Number of securities remaining available for future issuance under equity compensation plans (excluding securities reflected in column (a)) |
| (a) | (b) | (c) |
Equity compensation plans approved by security holders | 4,200,000 | $ 0.04 | 5,800,000 |
Equity compensation plans not approved by security holders | -- | -- | -- |
Total | 4,200,000 | $ 0.04 | 5,800,000 |
We have issued options pursuant to our Amended and Restated Incentive Equity Plan, which was adopted by our board of directors and became effective on May 30, 2003. The plan, as amended and restated, was approved by our stockholders on February 25, 2005. The amended and restated plan is administered by the board of directors, who has the authority to grant stock options and stock appreciation rights to our officers, employees and consultants. A total of 3,912,302 shares of common stock were reserved for issuance under the terms of the Amended and Restated Incentive Equity Plan. In the event of certain mergers, sales of assets, reorganizations, consolidations, recapitalizations, stock dividends or other changes in corporate structure affecting our common stock, the committee administering the plan must make an equitable substitution or adjustment in the aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan and in the number of shares exercisable under, and the exercise price of, outstanding options under the plan.
In respect of our Amended and Restated Incentive Equity Plan, we have granted options to purchase an aggregate of 2,702,302 shares of our common stock to employees and non-employees in consideration for services rendered. These options entitle the holders to purchase shares of common stock at an exercise price of $0.04 per share. The options vested immediately upon their issuance, and are exercisable until June 19, 2012, provided the holder remains engaged by us as of that date, with provision for early expiry in the event the holder ceases to be engaged by us prior to the stated expiry date. Of the 3,912,302 options originally granted under this plan, none were exercised as of March 31, 2008, and 1,205,000 expired during the period from January 1 to March 31, 2008 on termination of the related consulting and employment agreements, leaving 2,707,302 currently outstanding.
On December 15, 2004, the board of directors adopted the 2004 Incentive Equity Plan, which was approved by our stockholders on February 25, 2005. The 2004 Incentive Equity Plan is administered by the board of directors, who has the authority to grant stock options and stock appreciation rights to our officers, employees and consultants, and to establish the option vesting schedule. The total number of shares of common stock reserved for issuance under the terms of the 2004 Incentive Equity Planwas increased to 6,087,698 as approved by our stockholders at our Annual General Meeting on October 4, 2007. In the event of certain mergers, sales of assets, reorganizations, consolidations, recapitalizations, stock dividends or other changes in corporate structure affecting our common stock, the committee administering the plan must make an equitable substitution or adjustment in the aggregate number of shares reserved for issuance under the plan and in the number of shares exercisable under, and the exercise price of, outstanding options under the plan.
80
In respect of our 2004 Incentive Equity Plan, we have granted options to purchase 1,492,698 shares of our common stock to employees and non-employees in consideration for services rendered and as incentives, entitling the holders to purchase shares of our common stock at an exercise prices of $0.04: The options vested immediately upon their issuance, and are exercisable until June 19, 2012, provided the holder remains engaged by us as of that date, with provision for early expiry in the event the holder ceases to be engaged by us prior to the stated expiry date. Of the 2,392,698 options originally granted under this plan, none were exercised as of March 31, 2008 and 900,000 expired during the year ended December 31, 2007 on termination of the related consulting agreement, leaving 1,492,698 currently outstanding.
Item 12. Certain Relationships and Related Transactions.
Included in promissory notes payable at December 31, 2007 is $59,766 (2006 - $7,902) payable to companies controlled by directors of the Corporation, and $21,170 (2006 - $18,438) payable to a director. $5,037 (2006 - $221) in accrued interest charges relating to these notes is included in accrued liabilities; $4,422 (2006 - $221) is included in interest and finance costs for the year.
Effective July 1, 2004, our company entered into an agreement to sublease excess office space to a company which was related at that time. This other company was related to our company due to Ronald Benn being an officer and director of both companies; the other company changed management effective January 1, 2007, such that there was no longer a relationship between the other company and the Corporation from that date. However, in July 2007, another company which is related to the Corporation assumed responsibility for the sublease on July 1, 2007. Consequently sublease income received for July and August 2007, and for the year ended December 31, 2006, was from a related company. Rent expense for the year, which is included in selling, general and administrative expenses, has been reduced by sublease income of $18,610 (2006 -$31,808), of which $2,813 (2006 - $31,808) was received from these related companies.
81
Item 13.
Exhibits
Exhibit No. |
| Document Description |
3.1 |
| Restated Articles of Incorporation (1) |
3.2 |
| Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (5) |
3.3 |
| Amendment to Articles of Incorporation |
3.4 |
| By-Laws (2) |
3.5 |
| Amendment to By-Laws (1) |
4.1 |
| Form of Class B Warrants (2) |
4.2 |
| Form of Class E Warrants (1) |
4.3 |
| Form of Class F Warrants (1) |
4.4 |
| Form of Class G Warrants (1) |
4.5 |
| Form of Class H Warrants (1) |
4.6 |
| Form of Class I Warrants (3) |
4.7 |
| Form of Class J Warrants (6) |
4.8 |
| Form of 12% Promissory Note (1) |
4.9 |
| Form of 4% Convertible Debenture (1) |
4.10 |
| Form of 10% senior secured convertible note and security agreement (6) |
10.1 |
| Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2004 by and among the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (3) |
10.2 |
| Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2004 by and among the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (3) |
10.3 |
| Securities Purchase Agreement in respect of the 4% Convertible Debenture, dated as of December 30, 2003 by and between Validian Corporation and each individual or entity named on a signature page thereto (1) |
10.4 |
| Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2004 by and between the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (1) |
10.5 |
| Amended and Restated Incentive Equity Plan (4) |
10.6 |
| Validian Corporation 2004 Incentive Equity Plan (4) |
10.7 |
| Validian Corporation 2004 Amended Incentive Equity Plan |
10.8 |
| Commercial Lease dated April 15, 2004 between Validian Corporation and National Capital Commission (5) |
10.9 |
| Commercial Renewal Lease dated March 20, 2007 (6) |
10.10 |
| Employment Agreement with Andre Maisonneuve * (5) |
10.11 |
| Employment Agreement with Bruce Benn * (5) |
10.12 |
| Employment Agreement with Ronald Benn * (5) |
21.1 |
| List of Subsidiaries (5) |
31.1 |
| Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 |
31.2 |
| Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 |
32.1 |
| Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 |
32.2 |
| Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 |
___________________________________________
*
Denotes management contract
(1)
Previously filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on March 30, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
(2)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on December 9, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference.
(3)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on March 8, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
(4)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Amended Proxy Statement, filed with the Commission on January 12, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
82
(5)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2004, filed with the Commission on April 14, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
(6)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006, filed with the Commission on May 18, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
Statements contained in this Form 10-KSB as to the contents of any agreement or other document referred to are not complete, and where such agreement or other document is an exhibit to this Report or is included in any forms indicated above, each such statement is deemed to be qualified and amplified in all respects by such provisions.
83
Item 14.
Principal Accountant Fees and Services
The following table sets out fees billed by the Companys principal accountant for audit and related services for each of the previous two fiscal years:
Description of services | Fees billed for 2006 fiscal year | Fees billed for 2006 fiscal year |
Audit fees | $ 81,774 | $ 37,416 |
Audit-related fees | $ 40,781 | $ 66,879 |
We do not currently have an audit committee, however it is our policy to have all audit and audit-related fees pre-approved by the board of directors. All of the above fees were pre-approved by the board of directors.
Audit-related fees were incurred in relation to our quarterly reports on Form 10-QSB and our Forms SB2, which were filed in connection with the registration of the common stock underlying our 4% senior subordinated convertible debentures and our private placement of common stock and warrants.
There were no tax-related fees incurred during the year.
84
SIGNATURES
In accordance with Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the small business issuer has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
VALIDIAN CORPORATION
(Registrant)
By: /s/ Bruce Benn
Bruce Benn
President, Chief Executive Officer and director
(principal executive officer)
Dated: April 14, 2008
By: /s/ Ronald Benn
Ronald Benn
Chief Financial Officer, Treasurer and director
(principal financial and accounting officer)
Dated: April 14, 2008
85
Exhibits.
Exhibit No. |
| Document Description |
|
|
|
3.1 |
| Restated Articles of Incorporation (1) |
3.2 |
| Amendment to Articles of Incorporation (5) |
3.3 |
| Amendment to Articles of Incorporation |
3.4 |
| By-Laws (2) |
3.5 |
| Amendment to By-Laws (1) |
4.1 |
| Form of Class B Warrants (2) |
4.2 |
| Form of Class E Warrants (1) |
4.3 |
| Form of Class F Warrants (1) |
4.4 |
| Form of Class G Warrants (1) |
4.5 |
| Form of Class H Warrants (1) |
4.6 |
| Form of Class I Warrants (3) |
4.7 |
| Form of Class J Warrants (6) |
4.8 |
| Form of 12% Promissory Note (1) |
4.9 |
| Form of 4% Convertible Debenture (1) |
4.10 |
| Form of 10% Senior secured convertible note and security agreement (6) |
10.1 |
| Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2004 by and among the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (3) |
10.2 |
| Securities Purchase Agreement, dated as of March 8, 2004 by and among the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (3) |
10.3 |
| Securities Purchase Agreement in respect of the 4% Convertible Debenture, dated as of December 30, 2003 by and between Validian Corporation and each individual or entity named on a signature page thereto (1) |
10.4 |
| Registration Rights Agreement, dated as of December 30, 2004 by and between the Company and each entity named on the signature page thereto (1) |
10.5 |
| Amended and Restated Incentive Equity Plan (4) |
10.6 |
| Validian Corporation 2004 Incentive Equity Plan (4) |
10.7 |
| Validian Corporation 2004 Amended Incentive Equity Plan |
10.8 |
| Commercial Lease dated April 15, 2004 between Validian Corporation and National Capital Commission (5) |
10.9 |
| Commercial Renewal Lease dated March 20, 2007 (6) |
10.10 |
| Employment Agreement with Andre Maisonneuve * (5) |
10.11 |
| Employment Agreement with Bruce Benn * (5) |
10.12 |
| Employment Agreement with Ronald Benn * (5) |
21.1 |
| List of Subsidiaries (5) |
31.1 |
| Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 302 |
31.2 |
| Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 302 |
32.1 |
| Certification of Chief Executive Officer Pursuant to Section 906 |
32.2 |
| Certification of Chief Financial Officer Pursuant to Section 906 |
_______________________________
* Denotes management contract
(1)
Previously filed as an exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on March 30, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
(2)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Registration Statement on Form 10-SB, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on December 9, 1999 and incorporated herein by reference.
86
(3)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Current Report on Form 8-K, SEC File No. 0-28423, filed with the Commission on March 8, 2004 and incorporated herein by reference.
(4)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Amended Proxy Statement, filed with the Commission on January 12, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
(5)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2004, filed with the Commission on April 14, 2005 and incorporated herein by reference.
(6)
Previously filed as an Exhibit to our Annual Report on Form 10-KSB for the year ended December 31, 2006, filed with the Commission on May 18, 2007 and incorporated herein by reference.
87